军队文职2018年真题试题_军队文职考试

解放军文职招聘考试2014年6月英语四级真题试卷（第一套）-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间：2017-06-18 18:55:112014年6月英语四级真题试卷（第一套）word版Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question .You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section AA) See a doctor about her strained shoulder.B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea.C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.A) At Mary Johnson s.B) At a painter s studio.C) In an exhibition hall.D) Outside an art gallery.A) The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.C) The man had better talk with the students himself.D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.A) He helped Doris build up the furniture.B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture.C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.A) He doesn t get on with the others.B) He doesn t feel at ease in the firm.C) He has been taken for a fool.D) He has found a better position.A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.B) The man s apartment is ready for rent.C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.A) The man will give the mechanic a call.B) The woman is waiting for a call.C) The woman is doing some repairs.D) The man knows the mechanic very well.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) She had a job interview to attend.B) She was busy finishing her project.C) She had to attend an important meeting.D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom.B) Hand in her roommate s application form.C) Submit her roommate s assignment.D) Help her roommate with her report.A) Where Dr. Ellis s office is located.B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office.C) Directions to the classroom building.D) Dr. Ellis s schedule for the afternoon.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) He finds it rather stressful.B) He is thinking of quitting it.C) He can handle it quite well.D) He has to work extra hours.A) The 6:00 one.B) The 6:30 one.C) The 7:00 one.D) The 7:30 one.A) It is an awful waste of time.B) He finds it rather unbearable.C) The time on the train is enjoyable.D) It is something difficult to get used to.A) Reading newspapers.B) Chatting with friends.C) Listening to the daily news.D) Planning the day s work.Passage oneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) Ignore small details while reading.B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.C) Develop a habit of reading critically.D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.A) Choose one s own system of marking,B) Underline the key words and phrases.C) Make as few marks as possible.D) Highlight details in a red color.A) By reading the textbooks carefully again.B) By reviewing only the marked parts.C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.D) By comparing notes with their classmates.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.A) It is a made-up story.B) It is beyond cure.C) It is a rare exception.D) It is due to an accident.A) His extraordinary physical condition.B) His mother s injury just before his birth.C) The unique surroundings of his living place.D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.C) She developed a strong interest in finance.D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.A) She made a wise investment in real estate.B) She sold her restaurant with a substantial profit.C) She got 7.5 million dollars from her ex-husband.D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.A) She was extremely mean with her money.B) She was dishonest in business dealings.C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.D) She abused animals including her pet dog.Section CAmong the kinds of social gestures most significant for second-language teachers are those which are __26__ in form but different in meaning in the two cultures. For example, a Colombian who wants someone to __27__ him often signals with a hand movement in which all the fingers of one hand, cupped, point downward as they move rapidly __28__. Speakers of English have a similar gesture though the hand may not be cupped and the fingers may be held more loosely, but for them the gesture means goodbye or go away, quite the __29__ of the Colombian gesture. Again, in Colombia, a speaker of English would have to know that when he __30__ height he must choose between different gestures depending on whether he is __31__ a human being or an animal. If he keeps the palm of the hand __32__ the floor, as he would in his own culture when making known the height of a child, for example, he will very likely be greeted by laughter; in Colombia this gesture is __33__ for the description of animals. In order to describe human beings he should keep the palm of his hand __34__ to the floor. Substitutions of one gesture for the other often create not only humorous but also __35__ moments. In both of the examples above, speakers from two different cultures have the same gesture, physically, but its meaning differs sharply.Part III Reading Comprehension (40minntes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Many Brazilians cannot read. In 2000, a quarter of those aged 15 and older were functionally illiterate (文盲). Many __36__ do not want to. Only one literate adult in three reads books. The __37__ Brazilian reads 1.8 non-academic books a year, less than half the figure in Europe and the United States. In a recent survey of reading habits, Brazilians came 27th out of 30 countries. Argentines, their neighbors, __38__ 18th.The government and businesses are all struggling in different ways to change this. On March 13 the government __39__ a National Plan for Books and Reading. This seeks to boost reading, by founding libraries and financing publishers among other things.One discouragement to reading is that books are __40__. Most books have small print-runs, pushing up their price.But Brazilians" indifference to books has deeper roots. Centuries of slavery meant the country"s leaders long __41__ education. Primary schooling became universal only in the 1990s.All this means Brazil"s book market has the biggest growth __42__ in the western world.But reading is a difficult habit to form. Brazilians bought fewer books in 2004, 89 million, including textbooks __43__ by the government, than they did in 1991. Last year the director of Brazil"s national library __44__. He complained that he had half the librarians he needed and termites (白蚁) had eaten much of the __45__. That ought to be a cause for national shame.Section BThe Touch-Screen GenerationA) On a chilly day last spring, a few dozen developers of children"s apps (应用程序) for phones and tablets (平板电脑) gathered at an old beach resort in Monterey, California, to show off their games. The gathering was organized by Warren Buckleitner, a longtime reviewer of interactive children"s media. Buckleitner spent the breaks testing whether his own remote-control helicopter could reach the hall"s second story, while various children who had come with their parents looked up in awe (敬畏) and delight. But mostly they looked down, at the iPads and other tablets displayed around the hall like so many open boxes of candy. I walked around and talked with developers, and several quoted a famous saying of Maria Montessori"s, The hands are the instruments of man"s intelligence.B) What, really, would Maria Montessori have made of this scene? The 30 or so children here were not down at the shore poking (戳) their fingers in the sand or running them along stones or picking seashells. Instead they were all inside, alone or in groups of two or three, their faces a few inches from a screen, their hands doing things Montessori surely did not imagine.C) In 2011, the American Academy of Pediatrics updated its policy on very young children and media. In 1999, the group had discouraged television viewing for children younger than 2, citing research on brain development that showed this age group"s critical need for direct interactions with parents and other significant care givers. The updated report began by acknowledging that things had changed significantly since then. In 2006, 90% of parents said that their children younger than 2 consumed some form of electronic media. Nevertheless, die group took largely the same approach it did in 1999, uniformly discouraging passive media use, on any type of screen, for these kids. (For older children, the academy noted, high-quality programs could have educational benefits. ) The 2011 report, mentioned smart cell phone and new screen technologies, but did not address interactive apps. Nor did it bring up the possibility that has likely occurred to those 90% of American parents that some good might come from those little swiping (在电子产品上印) fingers.D) I had come to the developers" conference partly because I hoped that this particular set of parents, enthusiastic as they were about interactive media, might help me out of this problem, that they might offer some guiding principle for American parents who are clearly never going to meet the academy"s ideals, and at some level do not want to. Perhaps this group would be able to express clearly some benefits of the new technology that, the more cautious doctors weren"t ready to address.E) I fell into conversation with a woman who had helped develop Montessori Letter Sounds, an app that teaches preschoolers the Montessori methods of spelling. She was a former Montessori teacher and a mother of four. I myself have three children who are all fans of the touch screen. What games did her kids like to play, I asked, hoping for suggestions I could take home.They don"t play all that much.Really? Why not?Because I don"t allow it. We have a rule of no screen time during the week, unless it"s clearly educational.No screen time? None at all? That seems at the outer edge of restrictive, even by the standards of overcontrolling parents.On the weekends, they can play. I give them a limit of half an hour and then stop. Enough.F) Her answer so surprised me that I decided to ask some of the other developers who were also parents what their domestic ground rules for screen time were. One said only on airplanes and long car rides. Another said Wednesdays and weekends, for half an hour. The most permissive said half an hour a day, which was about my rule at home. At one point I sat with one of the biggest developers of e-book apps for kids, and his family. The small kid was starting to fuss in her high chair, so the mom stuck an iPad in front of her and played a short movie so everyone else could enjoy their lunch. When she saw me watching, she gave me the universal tense look of mothers who feel they are being judged. At home, she assured me, I only let her watch movies in Spanish.G) By their reactions, these parents made me understand the problem of our age; as technology becomes almost everywhere in our lives, American parents are becoming more, not less, distrustful of what it might be doing to their children. Technological ability has not, for parents, translated into comfort and ease. On the one hand, parents want their children to swim expertly in the digital stream that they will have to navigate (航行) all their lives; on the other hand, they fear that too much digital media, too early, will sink them. Parents end up treating tablets as precision surgical (外科的) instruments, devices that might perform miracles for their child"s IQ and help him win some great robotics competition-but only if they are used just so. Otherwise, their child could end up one of those sad, pale creatures who can"t make eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual world.H) Norman Rockwell, a 20th-century artist, never painted Boy Swiping Finger on Screen, and our own vision of a perfect childhood has never been adjusted to accommodate that now-common scene. Add to that our modern fear that every parenting decision may have lasting consequences-that every minute of enrichment lost or mindless entertainment indulged (放纵的) will add up to some permanent handicap (障碍) in the future-and you have deep guilt and confusion. To date, no body of research has proved that the iPad will make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese, or alternatively that it will rust her nervous system-the device has been out for only three years, not much more than the time it takes some academics to find funding and gather research subjects. So what is a parent to do?注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46. The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.47. American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.48. Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.49. The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids" screen time.50. Research shows interaction with people is key to babies" brain development.51. So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.52. American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids" interpersonal relationships.53. The author expected developers of children"s apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.54. The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.55. The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.When young women were found to make only 82 percent of what their male peers do just one year out of college, many were at a loss to explain it.All the traditional reasons put forward to interpret the pay gap-that women fall behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids, for example, or that they don"t seek as many management roles-failed to justify this one. These young women didn"t have kids yet. And because they were just one year removed from their undergraduate degrees, few of these women yet had the chance to go after (much less decline) leadership roles.But there are other reasons why the pay gap remains so persistent. The first is that no matter how many women may be getting college degrees, the university experience is still an unequal one. The second is that our higher education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students" years on campus.Now that women are the majority of college students and surpass men in both the number of undergraduate and advanced degrees awarded, one might think the college campus is a pretty equal place. It is not. Studies show that while girls do better than boys in high school, they start to trail off during their college years. They enroll in different kinds of classes, tend to major in less rigorous (非常严格的) subjects, and generally head off with less ambitious plans.As a result, it"s not surprising that even the best educated young women enter the workplace with a slight disadvantage. Their college experience leaves them somewhat confused, still stumbling (栽倒) over the dilemmas their grandmothers" generation sought to destroy. Are they supposed to be pretty or smart? Strong or sexy (性感的) All their lives, today"s young women have been pushed to embrace both perfection and passion-to pursue science and sports, math and theater-and do it all as well as they possibly can. No wonder they are not negotiating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.56. Traditionally, it is believed that women earn less than men because ______.A) they have failed to take as many rigorous coursesB) they do not feel as fit for management rolesC) they feel obliged to take care of their kids at homeD) they do not exhibit the needed leadership qualities57. What does the author say about America"s higher education system?A) It does not offer specific career counseling to women.B) It does not consider its economic impact on graduates.C) It does not take care of women students" special needs.D) It does not encourage women to take rigorous subjects.58. What does the author say about today"s college experience?A) It is different for male and female students.B) It is not the same as that of earlier generations.C) It is more exhausting than most women expect.D) It is not so satisfying to many American students.59. What does the author say about women students in college?A) They have no idea how to bring out their best.B) They drop a course when they find it too rigorous.C) They are not as practical as men in choosing courses.D) They don"t perform as well as they did in high school.60. How does the author explain the pay gap between men and women fresh from college?A) Women are too worn out to be ambitious.B) Women are not ready to take management roles.C) Women are caught between career and family,D) Women are not good at negotiating salaries.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Heading leadership literature, you"d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader.I don"t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities.Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to (追求) leadership in the first place.We"ve all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it"s a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can"t help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they"re natural born leaders.Truth is, they"re nothing of the sort. True leaders don"t assume that it"s their divine (神圣的) right, to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it.Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can"t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is volume: if they think you aren"t working as hard as they think you should, their demands become increasingly louder and harsher.True leaders understand the value of action, of course, but it isn"t their only tool. In fact, it isn"t even their primary tool. Great leaders see more than everyone else: answers, solutions, patterns, problems, opportunities. They know it"s vitally important to do, but they also know that thinking, understanding, reflection and interpretation are equally important.If you"re too concerned with outcomes to the extent that you manipulate and intimidate others to achieve those outcomes, then you aren"t leading at all, you"re dictating. A true leader is someone who develops his or her team so that they can and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61. What does the author think of the leaders he knows?A) Many of them are used to taking charge.B) Few of them are equal to their positions.C) Many of them fail to fully develop their potential.D) Few of them are familiar with leadership literature.62. Why are some people eager to grab leadership positions?A) They believe they have the natural gift to lead.B) They believe in what leadership literature says.C) They have proved competent in many situations.D) They derive great satisfaction from being leaders.63. What characterizes a great leader according to the author?A) Being able to take prompt action when chances present themselves.B) Having a whole-hearted dedication to their divine responsibilities.C) Having a full understanding of their own merits and weaknesses.D) Being able to assess the situation carefully before taking charge.64. How will many business executives respond when their command fails to generate action?A) They reassess the situation at hand.B) They become impatient and rude.C) They resort to any tool available.D) They blame their team members.65. What is the author"s advice to leaders?A) Concentrate on one specific task at a time.B) Use different tools to achieve different, goals.C) Build up a strong team to achieve their goals.D) Show determination when faced with tough tasks.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．中国应进一步发展核能,因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎是最低的。2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查。到2012年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降到最低程度。换句话说,核能是可以安全开发和利用的。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A Tour to Mount TaiI am delighted to learn that my foreign friend, Bill, is going to take vacation in my hometown. For the sake of his hospitality I enjoyed in England, I will show him around the landscape, among which Mount Tai is unquestionably on the top of my list.Centuries ago, at the summit of the mountain, Confucius exclaimed that the world was small; in modern times, everyone is bound to appreciate its spectacularity and sacredness. Mount Tai is more than a mountain; it is a place which symbolizes hope and auspiciousness, embodying profound culture. Furthermore, Mount Tai is considered to be sacred to the point where almost every ancient Chinese emperor came here to make offerings to Heaven and Earth, praying for a prosperous country and a peaceful living environment.Visiting Mount Tai is more than a mountain climbing excursion, but a hands-on engagement in ancient culture and contemporary prosperity. Thus, I assure you that you will like this wonderful experience.1-8：BDBCDADB 9-11：ACA12-15：CBCA 16-18：DAB 19-21：DCB 22-25：CDAB26. identical27. approach28. back and forth29. opposite30. indicates31. referring to32. parallel to33. reserved34. at a right angle35. embarrassing36-45：NAMFE HKCLB46-55：DGAEC HGDAF56-65：CBADA BADBCTranslationChina should further develop nuclear energy, because nuclear power currently accounts for only 2% of its total generating capacity. The proportion ranks the 30th among all countries possessing nuclear energy, which is almost the lowest.China"s nuclear power development stopped after the nuclear power station accident in Japan in March, 2011. The approval of new nuclear power plants was suspended, and the nationwide nuclear energy safety inspection started. It wasn"t until October, 2012 was examine and approval restored cautiously.With the improvement of technology and safety measures, the possibility of nuclear accidents can definitely be minimized. In other words, the nuclear energy can be exploited and utilized safely.

解放军文职招聘考试2014年12月英语四级真题试卷（第一套）-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间：2017-06-18 18:36:032014年12月英语四级真题试卷（第一套）word版Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section AA) She will go purchase the gift herself.B) The gift should not be too expensive.C) The man is not good at balancing his budget.D) They are going to Jane s house-warming party.A) It takes patience to go through the statistics.B) He has prepared the statistics for the woman.C) The woman should take a course in statistics.D) He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.A) The man wants to make some change in the scripts.B) The woman does not take the recording seriously.C) They cannot begin their recording right away.D) Page 55 is missing from the woman s scripts.A) A significant event in July.B) Preparations for a wedding.C) The date of Carl s wedding.D) The birthday of Carl s bride.A) The man was in charge of scheduling meetings.B) The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C) They woman was annoyed at the man s excuse.D) The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.A) The woman is a marvelous cook.B) The man cannot wait for his meal.C) The woman has just bought an oven.D) The man has to leave in half an hour.A) Whether the man can keep his job.B) Where the man got the bad news.C) What items sell well in the store.D) How she can best help the man.A) The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B) He works in the physical education department.C) The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D) He would like to teach the woman how to swim.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) He teaches in a law school.B) He loves classical music.C) He is a diplomat.D) He is a wonderful lecturer.A) Went to see a play.B) Watched a soccer game.C) Took some photos.D) Attended a dance.A) She decided to get married in three years.B) Her mother objected to Eric s flying lessons.C) She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.D) Her father said she could marry Eric right away.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) Editor.B) Teacher.C) Journalist.D) Typist.A) The beautiful Amazon rainforests.B) A new railway under construction.C) Big changes in the Amazon valley.D) Some newly discovered scenic spot.A) In news weeklies.B) In newspapers Sunday editions.C) In a local evening paper.D) In overseas editions of U.S. magazines.A) To be employed by a newspaper.B) To become a professional writer.C) To sell her articles to news service.D) To get her life story published soon.Section BPassage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) Nodding one s head.B) Waving one s hand.C) Holding up the forefinger.D) Turning the right thumb down.A) Looking away from them.B) Forming a circle with fingers.C) Bowing one s head to them.D) Waving or pointing to them.A) Looking one s superior in the eye.B) Keeping one s arms folded while talking.C) Showing the sole of one s foot to a guest.D) Using a lot of gestures during a conversation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) They had to beg for food after the harvest.B) They grew wheat and corn on a small farm.C) They shared a small flat with their relatives.D) The children walked to school on dirt roads.A) Tour Ecuador s Andes Mountains.B) Earn an animal income of $2,800.C) Purchase a plot to build a home on.D) Send their children to school.A) The achievements of the Trickle Up Program.B) A new worldwide economic revolution.C) Different forms of assistance to the needy.D) The life of poor people in developing countries.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) They are highly sensitive to cold.B) They are vitally important to our life.C) They are a living part of our body.D) They are a chief source of our pain.A) It has to be removed in time by a dentist.B) It is a rare oral disease among old people.C) It contains many nerves and blood vessels.D) It is a sticky and colorless film on the teeth.A) It can change into acids causing damage to their outer covering.B) It greatly reduces their resistance to the attacks of bacteria.C) It makes their nerves and blood vessels more sensitive to acid food.D) It combines with food particles to form a film on their surface.A) Food particles.B) Gum disease.C) Unhealthy living habits.D) Chemical erosion.Section CStunt people (替身演员) are not movie stars, but they are the hidden heroes of many movies.They were around long before films. Even Shakespeare may have used them in fight scenes. To be good, a fight scene has to look real. Punches must __26__ enemies jaws. Sword fights must be fought with __27__ swords. Several actors arc usually in a fight scene. Their moves must be set up so that no one gets hurt. It is almost like planning a dance performance.If a movie scene is dangerous, stunt people usually __28__ the stars. You may think you see Tom Cruise running along the top of a train. But it is __29__ his stunt double. Stunt people must __30__ the stars they stand in for. Their height and build should be about the same. But when close-ups are needed, the film __31__ the star. Some stunt people __32__ in certain kinds of scenes. For instance, a stunt woman named Jan Davis does all kinds of jumps. She has leapt from planes and even off the top of a waterfall. Each jump required careful planning and expert __33__.Yakima Canutt was a famous cowboy stunt man. Among other stunts, he could jump from a second story window onto a horse s back. He __34__ the famous trick of sliding under a moving stagecoach. Canutt also __35__ a new way to make a punch look real. He was the only stunt man ever to get an Oscar.Part III Reading Comprehension (40minntes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As an Alaskan fisherman, Timothy June, 54, used to think that he was safe from industrial pollutants (污染物) at his home in Haines a town with a population of 2,400 people and 4,000 eagles, with 8 million acres of protected wild land nearby. But in early 2007, June agreed to take part in a __36__ of 35 Americans from seven states. It was a biomonitoring project, in which people"s blood and urine (尿) were tested for __37__ of chemicals in this case, three potentially dangerous classes of compounds found in common household __38__ like face cream, tin cans, and shower curtains. The results __39__ in November in a report called Is It in Us? by an environmental group were rather worrying. Every one of the participants, __40__ from an Illinois state senator to a Massachusetts minister, tested positive for all three classes of pollutants. And while the __41__ presence of these chemicals does not __42__ indicate a health risk, the fact that typical Americans carry these chemicals at all __43__ June and his fellow participants.Clearly, there are chemicals in our bodies that don"t __44__ there. A large, ongoing study conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has found 148 chemicals in Americans of all ages. And in 2005, the Environmental Working Group found an __45__ of 200 chemicals in the blood of 10 new-borns. Our babies are being born pre-polluted, says Sharyle Patton of Commonweal, which cosponsored Is It in Us? This is going to be the next big environmental issue after climate change.A) analysesB) averageC) belongD) demonstratedE) excessF) extendingG) habituallyH) necessarilyI) productsJ) rangingK) releasedL) shockedM) simpleN) surveyO) tracesSection BIn Hard Economy for All Ages, Older Isn"t Better... It"s Brutal[A] Young graduates are in debt, out of work and on their parents" couches. People in their 30s and 40s can"t afford to buy homes or have children. Retirees are earning near-zero interest on their savings.[B] In the current listless (缺乏活力的) economy, every generation has a claim to having been most injured. But the Labor Department"s latest jobs reports and other recent data present a strong case for crowning baby boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的人) A) as the greatest victims of the recession and its dreadful consequences.[C] These Americans in their 50s and early 60s those near retirement age who do not yet have access to Medicare and Social Security have lost the most earnings power of any age group, with their household incomes 10 percent below what they made when the recovery began three years ago, according to Sentier Research, a data analysis company. Their retirement savings and home values fell sharply at the worst possible time: just before they needed to cash out. They are supporting both aged parents and unemployed young-adult children, earning them the unlucky nickname Generation Squeeze.[D] New research suggests that they may die sooner, because their health, income security and mental well-being were battered (重创) by recession at a crucial time in their lives. A recent study by economists at Wellesley College found that people who lost their jobs in the few years before becoming qualified for Social Security lost up to three years from their life expectancy (预期寿命), largely because they no longer had access to affordable health care.[E] Unemployment rates for Americans nearing retirement are far lower than those for young people, who are recently out of school, with fewer skills and a shorter work history. But once out of a job, older workers have a much harder time finding another one. Over the last year, the average duration of unemployment for older people was 53 weeks, compared with 19 weeks for teenagers, according to the Labor Department"s jobs report released on Friday.[F] The lengthy process is partly because older workers are more likely to have been laid off from industries that are downsizing, like manufacturing. Compared with the rest of the population, older people are also more likely to own their own homes and be less mobile than renters, who can move to new job markets.[G] Older workers are more likely to have a disability of some sort, perhaps limiting the range of jobs that offer realistic choices. They may also be less inclined, at least initially, to take jobs that pay far less than their old positions.[H] Displaced boomers also believe they are victims of age discrimination, because employers can easily find a young, energetic worker who will accept lower pay and who can potentially stick around for decades rather than a few years.[I] In a survey by the center of older workers who were laid off during the recession, just one in six had found another job, and half of that group had accepted pay cuts. 14% of the re-employed said the pay in their new job was less than half what they earned in their previous job. I just say to myself: "Why me? What have 1 done to deserve this?" said John Agati, 56, whose last full-time job, as a product developer, ended four years ago when his employer went out of business. That position paid $90,000, and his resume lists jobs at companies like American Express, Disney and USA Networks. Since being laid off, though, he has worked a series of part-time, low-wage, temporary positions, including selling shoes at Lord Taylor and making sales calls for a car company.[J] The last few years have taken a toll not only on his family"s finances, but also on his feelings of self-worth. You just get sad, Mr. Agati said. I see people getting up in the morning, going out to their careers and going home. I just wish I was doing that. Some people don"t like their jobs, or they have problems with their jobs, but at least they"re working. I just wish I was in their shoes. He said he cannot afford to go back to school, as many younger people without jobs have done. Even if he could afford it, economists say it is unclear whether older workers like him benefit much from more education.[K] It just doesn"t make sense to offer retraining for people 55 and older, said Daniel Hamermesh, an economics professor. Discrimination by age, long-term unemployment, and the fact that they"re now at the end of the hiring queue just don"t make it sensible to invest in them.[L] Many displaced older workers are taking this message to heart and leaving the labor force entirely. The share of older people applying for Social Security early rose quickly during the recession as people sought whatever income they could find. The penalty they will pay is permanent, as retirees who take benefits at age 62 will receive as much as 30% less in each month"s check for the rest of their lives than they would if they had waited until full retirement age (66 for those born after 1942).[M] Those not yet eligible for Social Security are increasingly applying for another, comparable kind of income support that often goes to people who expect never to work again: disability benefits. More than one in eight people in their late 50s is now on some form of federal disability insurance program, according to Mark Duggan, chairman of the department of business economics and public policy at the University of Pennsylvania"s Wharton School.[N] The very oldest Americans, of course, were battered by some of the same ill winds that tormented those now nearing retirement, but at least the most senior were cushioned by a more readily available social safety net. More important, in a statistical twist, they may have actually benefited from the financial crisis in the most fundamental way: prolonged lives.[O] Death rates for people over 65 have historically fallen during recessions, according to a November 2011 study by economists at the University of California, Davis. Why? The researchers argue that weak job markets push more workers into accepting relatively undesirable work at nursing homes, leading to better care for residents.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46. Greater mobility puts younger people at an advantage in seeking new jobs.47. Many of the older workers laid off during the recession had to accept lower pay in their new jobs.48. Those who has their jobs shortly before retirement age live a shorter-than-average life.49. Seniors at nursing homes could benefit from the weak job market.50. Age discrimination in employment makes it pointless retraining older workers.51. According to recent reports and data analyses, boomers suffer most from the weak economy.52. Unemployed boomers are at a disadvantage in job-hunting because employers tend to hire younger workers.53. People in their fifties and early sixties bear the heaviest family burdens.54. People who take benefits from Social Security before official retirement age will get much less for the rest of their lives.55. Older workers" choice of jobs can be limited because of disability.Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. But the Internet"s tremendous impact has only just begun.Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global, Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book The New Digital Age.Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currently lack Internet access get online. The authors do an excellent job of examining the implications of the Internet revolution for individuals, governments, and institutions like the news media. But if the book has one major shortcoming, it"s that authors don"t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these weeping changes.In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes and more importantly predicts how the Internet will shape our lives in the coming decades. They paint a picture of a world in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.At the core of the book is the idea that technology is neutral, but people aren"t. By using this concept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs. pessimist dichotomy (对立观点) that has characterized many recent debates about whether the rise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they"re also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online, particularly with respect to personal privacy and state surveillance (监视).56. In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph?A) It transforms human history.B) It facilitates daily communication.C) It is adopted by all humanity.D) It revolutionizes people"s thinking.57. How do Schmidt and Cohen describe the effects of the Internet?A) They are immeasurable.B) They are worldwide.C) They are unpredictable.D) They are contaminating.58. In what respect is the book The New Digital Age considered inadequate?A) It fails to recognize the impact of the Internet technology.B) It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.C) It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.D) It does not address the technical aspects of Internet communication.59. What will the future be like when everybody gets online?A) People will be living in two different realities.B) People will have equal access to information.C) People don"t have to travel to see the world.D) People don"t have to communicate face to face.60. What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?A) They leave many questions unanswered concerning the Internet.B) They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.C) They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.D) They don"t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. And in that year die average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage (抵押贷款) payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly earnings.Other members of the autoworker"s family, however might be less inclined to tried the present for the past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic, security back then. Throughout much of the 1960s, more than a quarter of men and women and women age 65 and older lived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.In most states, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a card in her own name. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legal protection against family violence.Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts (职位相当的人), white racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working-class families.Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not to go back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. The spread of no -fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to improve the life of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61. What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?A) They had less job security than they do today.B) It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.C) Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.D) They were better off than workers in other industries.62. What does the author about retired people today?A) They invariably long to return to the golden past.B) They do not depend so much on social welfare.C) They feel more secure economically than in the past.D) They are usually unwilling to live with their children.63. Why couldn"t black workers buy a house in a white suburban neighborhood?A) They lacked the means of transportation.B) They were subjected to racial inequality.C) They were afraid to break the law.D) They were too poor to afford it.64. What is the result of no-fault divorce?A) Divorce is easier to obtain.B) Domestic violence is lessened.C) It causes little pain to either side.D) It contributes to social unrest.65. What does the author suggest society do?A) Get prepared to face any new challenges.B) Try to better the current social security.C) Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.D) Improve the lives of families with problems.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．越多的中国年轻人正对旅游产生兴趣，这是近年来的新趋势。年轻游客数量的不断增加，可以归因于他们迅速提高的收入和探索外部世界的好奇心。随着旅行多了，年轻人在大城市和著名景点花的时间少了，他们反而更为偏远的地方所吸引，有些人甚至选择长途背包旅行。最近调查显示，很多年轻人想要通过旅cet4v.com化、丰富知识、拓宽视野。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。The Classmate Who Has Influenced Me Most in CollegeClassmates play an essential role in our life. When it comes to the classmate who has influenced me most in college, undoubtedly. Zhao Lei is the one who comes to my mind first.Zhao Lei is my roommate and my best friend. The reasons why I deem that Zhao Lei has influenced me most are as follows: firstly, one can always find a smile on his face which not only reflects his pleasant and optimistic character but also gives others a good impression. This is what I need to learn from Zhao Lei first. Secondly, Zhao Lei is diligent. He does well in all his subjects. However, he is no bookworm. He joins societies such as basketball club and poetry society. He never plays computer games, and only spends time-and energy on things that are conducive to personal development. Thirdly, Zhao Lei is always ready to help others. I never saw him turn a deaf ear to other"s request for help.Thanks to Zhao Lei, I have learned the importance of optimism, diligence and kindness, the indispensable virtues in life.1-8：BDCCCBAA9-11：CBD12-15：BCBC16-18：ADC19-21：ADA22-25：CDAB26. land on27. sharp28. fill in for29. probably30. resemble31. focuses on32. specialize33. timing34. invented35. figured out36-45：NOIKJ MHLCB46-55：FIDOK BECLG56-65：BBCAD BCBADTranslationMore and more Chinese young people are gaining interest in tourism, which is a new trend recently. The rising number of young tourists can be attributed to their rapidly increasing income and the curiosity of exploring the outside world. With the increase of traveling, young people spend less time in big cities and famous scenic spots, instead they are more attracted by remote locations. Some even choose long-distance backpacking trip. A recent survey shows that many young people want to experience different culture, enrich knowledge and expand their horizon via traveling.