2017解放军文职福建《综合基础知识》真题及答案3-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
一、公共基础知识1.2016年1月，中共中央政治局会议首次公开提出 增强政治意识、大局意识、核心意识( ) 。只有增强四种意识，才能使我们党始终成为中国特定社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。A.规矩意识 B.服务意识 C.忧患意识 D.看齐意识答案：D解析：1月29日召开的中央政治局会议强调，中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势，加强党的领导关键是坚持党中央集中统一领导。只有增强政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识，自觉在思想上政治上行动上同以习近平同志为总书记的党中央保持高度一致，才能使我们党更加团结统一、坚强有力，始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。2.当前，正在开展 两学一做 学习教育，是面向全体党员深化党内教育的重要实践，是推动党内教育从 关键少数 向广大党员拓展。从集中性教育向经常性教育延伸的重要举措。 两学一做 是指：学_______，学系列讲话，做合格党员。A.科学发展观 B.宪法法律 C.党章党规 D.中国特色社会主义理论答案：C解析： 两学一做 学习教育，具体指的是： 1、学习共产党党章党规，2、学习贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神，3、做合格党员 。3. 创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享 五大发展理念是对中国特色社会主义建设实践的深刻总结，是对中国特色社会义发展理论的丰富和提升，也是指导 十三五 规划编制和 十三五 时期发展的思想灵魂。这表明， 五大发展理念 ：A.来源于社会实践，对改造世界具有指导作用。B.符合社会发展规律，是衡量发展成败的标准。C.反映了世界时时有矛盾，处处有矛盾。D.能够有效化解我国发展过程中出现的各种矛盾。答案：A
2017解放军文职浙江《综合基础知识》真题及答案-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
发布时间：2017-09-29 21:00:30一、单项选择题(下列各题的备选答案中，只有一项是最符合题意的，每小题1分，共30分)1.根据我国《宪法》规定，下列哪一项既是公民的基本权利又是基本义务？( )A.劳动B.受教育C.休息D.劳动和受教育2.根据我国《宪法》规定，下列哪一项不属于全国人民代表大会的职权？( )A.修改宪法B.选举中华人民共和国主席、副主席C.选举国务院总理D.批准省、自治区和直辖市的建置3.( )根据宪法和法律，制定行政法规。A.全国人民代表大会B.全国人大常委会C.国务院D.省级人民代表大会
解放军文职招聘考试2014年6月英语四级真题试卷（第二套）-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
发布时间：2017-06-18 18:57:522014年6月英语四级真题试卷（第二套）word版Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question .You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section AA)They came in five different colors.B)They were good value for money.C)They were a very good design.D)They were sold out very quickly.A)Ask her roommate not to speak loudly on the phone.B)Ask her roommate to make her phone calls outside.C)Go and find a quieter place to review her lessons.D)Report her problem to the dorm management.A)The washing machine is totally beyond repair.B)He will help Wendy prepare her annual report.C)Wendy should give priority to writing her report.D)The washing machine should be checked annually.A)The man fell down when removing the painting.B)The wall will be decorated with a new painting.C)The woman likes the painting on the wall.D)The painting is now being reframed.A)It must be missing.B)It was left in the room.C)The man took it to the market.D)She placed it on the dressing table.A)Go to a play.B)Meet Janet.C)Book some tickets.D)Have a get-together.A)One box of books is found missing.B)Some of the boxes arrived too late.C)C) Replacements have to be ordered.D)Some of the books are damaged.A) The man will pick up Professor Johnson at her office.B) The man did not expect his paper to be graded so soon.C) Professor Johnson has given the man a very high grade.D) Professor Johnson will talk to each student in her office.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A)To buy a present for his friend who is getting married.B)To find out the cost for a complete set of cookware.C)To see what he could ask his friends to buy for him.D)To make inquiries about the price of an electric cooker.A) To teach him how to use the kitchenware.B) To discuss cooking experiences with him.C) To tell him how to prepare delicious dishes.D) To recommend suitable kitchenware to him.A) There are so many different sorts of knives.B) Cooking devices are such practical presents.C) A mixer can save so much time in making cakes.D) Saucepans and frying pans arc a must in the kitchen.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) Some now problems in her work.B) Cooperation with an international bank.C) Her chance for promotion in the bank.D) Her intention to leave her present job.A) The World Bank.B) Bank of Washington.C) A US finance corporation.D) An investment bank in New York.A) Supervising financial transactions.B) Taking charge of public relations.C) Making loans to private companies in developing countries.D) Offering service to international companies in the United States.A) It is a first major step to realizing the woman s dream.B) It is an honor for the woman and her present employer.C) It is a loss for her current company.D) It is really beyond his expectation.Section BPassage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) Carry out a thorough checkup.B) Try to keep the gas tank full.C) Keep extra gas in reserve.D) Fill up the water tank.A)Attempting to leave your car to seek help.B)Opening a window a hit to let in fresh air.C) Running the engine every now and then.D) Keeping the heater on for a long time.A) It exhausts you physically.B) It makes you fall asleep easily.C) It causes you to lose body heat.D) It consumes too much oxygen.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.A)They are very generous in giving gifts.B)They refuse gifts when doing business.C)They regard gifts as a token of friendship.D)They give gifts only on special occasions.A)They enjoy giving gifts to other people.B)They spend a lot of time choosing gifts.C)They have to follow many specific rules.D)They pay attention to the quality of gifts.A) Gift-giving plays an important role in human relationships.B) We must be aware of cultural differences in giving gilts.C) We must learn how to give gifts before going abroad.D) Reading extensively makes one a better gift-giver.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) It reflects American people s view of French politics.B) It is first published in Washington and then in Paris.C) It explains American politics to the French public.D) It is popular among French government officials.A) Work on her column.B) Do housework at home.C) Entertain her guests.D) Go shopping downtown.A) To report to her newspaper.B) To refresh her French.C) To visit her parents.D) To meet her friends.A) She might be recalled to France.B) She might change her profession.C) She might close her Monday column.D) She might be assigned to a new post.Section CAccording to American law, if someone is accused of a crime, he is considered ___26___ until the court proves the person is guilty.To arrest a person, the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been ___27___. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they arc arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station, where the name of the person and the ___28___ against him arc formally listed.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or ___29___. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court ___30___ run away. he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must put up bail（保释金）. At this time, too, the judge will ___31___ a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district attorney s office presents a case against the suspect. The attorney may present ___32___ as well as witnesses. The judge then decides whether there is enough reason to ___33___.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is ___34___ to protect the rights of the people. These individual rights are the ___35___ of the American government.Part III Reading Comprehension (40minntes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice __36__ away. However, we have already reached temperatures that are in __37__ with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are __38__ to a predicted worldwide increase in temperatures __39__ between and 6*C over the next, 100 years. The warming will be more __40__ in some areas, less in others, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the __41__ of this warming will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable (宜居的) and __42__ for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on __43__ , everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Some scientists __44__ that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random (无规律的) variation-some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years __45__ -but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasing warm conditions.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) appealingB) averageC) contributingD) dramaticE) frequentlyF) impactG) lineH) maintain I) meltedJ) persistK) rangingL) recentlyM) resolvedN) sensibleO) shockSection BThe End of the Book?A) Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in this country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.B) Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.C) Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, romance fiction, etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for serious nonfiction and fiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.D) As for children"s books, who knows? Children"s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.E) For clues to the book"s future, let"s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.F) One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reduced the cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten on vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible-to be sure, a long book-required vellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printing arrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.G) But while printing quickly caused the handwritten book to die out, handwriting lingered on (继续存在) well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.H) Sometimes a new technology doesn"t drive the old one out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn"t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not.I) Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn"t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.J) Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows ( Jack Benny, Amos and Andy, The Shadow ) all migrated to television. But because you can"t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio"s prime time, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.K) Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power. Mounted cavalry (骑兵) replaced the chariot (二轮战车) on the battlefield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn"t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer"s full- dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolized an officer and a gentleman.L) Sometimes new technology is a little cranky (不稳定的) at first. Television repairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn"t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world"s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)M) Then there is the fireplace. Central heating was present in every upper- and middle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning fireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of lire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances for humankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to eat and digest). Human control of fire goes back far enough (over a million years) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards fire as a central aspect of human life.N) Books-especially books the average person could afford-haven"t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending far beyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile (触觉的) pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a fire in the fireplace on a cold winter"s night.O) For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like fireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful backup for when the lights go out.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49. Contrary to many people"s prediction of its death, the film industry survived.50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55. A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn"t an either/or proposition (命题) , although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths ) related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文学科) and social sciences must remain central components of America"s educational system at all levels. Both areas are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (创新) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates" job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it"s natural to look for what may appear to be the most practical way out of the problem: Major in a subject designed to get you a job seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as soft often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there"s little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight-picked up from science, arts, and technology-to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A) STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B) The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C) The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students" spiritual life.D) Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A) Their interest in relevant subjects.B) The academic value of the courses.C) The quality of education to receive.D) Their chances of getting a good job.58. What does the author say about the so-called soft, subjects?A) They benefit students in their future life.B) They broaden students" range of interests.C) They improve students" communication skills.D) They are essential to students" healthy growth.59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A) Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B) Those who are good at solving practical problems.C) Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D) Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. What advice does the author give to college students?A) Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B) Try to take a variety of practical courses.C) Prepare themselves for different job options.D) Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it, doesn"t it? If you think so, you"re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American presidents for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.Energy independence and its rhetorical (修辞的) companion energy security are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely thought through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle (涓涓细流) of biofuel (生物燃料) available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don"t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don"t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?A) It sounds very attractive.B) It ensures national security.C) It will bring oil prices down.D) It has long been everyone"s dream.62. What does the author think of biofuels?A) They keep America"s economy running healthily.B) They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.C) They do not provide a sustainable energy supply.D) They cause serious damage to the environment.63. Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?A) It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.B) Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.C) It wants to keep its own environment intact.D) Its own oil production falls short of demand.64. What does the author say about oil trade?A) It proves profitable to both sides.B) It improves economic efficiency.C) It makes for economic prosperity.D) It saves the cost of oil exploration.65. What is the author"s purpose in writing the passage?A) To justify America"s dependence on oil imports.B) To arouse Americans" awareness of the energy crisis.C) To stress the importance of energy conservation.D) To explain the increase of international oil trade.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调，人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对干中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Culture SquareI am excited to hear that you are coming to visit my campus and cannot wait to express my welcome. Hereby I"d like to recommend to you the culture square on the campus, which is of great interest and enjoyment to give it a try.The culture square is the heaven for students where you can see colorful activities organized to add extra pleasure to students" monotonous routine. Besides, you are always free to engage yourself in any of these activities that fascinate you. I am quite confident that you"ll find it beneficial to communicate and interact with other students, Moreover, as a major part of the campus culture, the culture square offers whoever wants to get an insight into the campus an opportunity to know better the campus culture.In a word, the culture square, a world full of vigor and vitality, a window through which you can get a big picture of the campus, is definitely a place worth visiting. I"m sure you"ll have fun. Look forward to seeing you soon in the culture square.1-8：BACDBADB 9-11：CDA12-15：DACB 16-18：BAC 19-21：DCB 22-25：CABD26. innocent27. committed28. charges29. released30. rather than31. appoint32. evidence33. hold a trial34. designed35. foundation36-45：IGCKD FABHL46-55：CNJHA LBFCM56-65：BDADC ADCBATranslationChinese educators have long known that, reading is of great importance to a nation. Some of them even proposed to establish the National Reading Day in 2003. They emphasized that people should read good books, especially the classic ones. By reading, people can better learn to be grateful, responsible and cooperative, the very basic qualities education intends to foster. Reading is especially important for students in the primary school and middle school; if the interest of reading is not fostered at that critical period, it will be quite difficult to cultivate the habit of reading later.
解放军文职招聘考试2014年6月英语四级真题试卷（第三套）-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
发布时间：2017-06-18 18:57:122014年6月英语四级真题试卷（第三套）word版Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following question .You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the first place you would like to take him/her to see and why?注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section AA) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.B) He has difficulty understanding the book.C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.B) The man should buy a car of his own.C) The man needn t go shopping every week.D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.A) Get more food and drinks.B) Ask his friend to come over.C) Tidy up the place.D) Hold a party.A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.D)The woman should contact John Smith first.A) He understands the woman s feelings.B) He has gone through a similar experience.C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.D) The teacher is just following the regulations.A) She will meet the man halfway.B) She is sorry the man will not come.C) She will ask David to talk less.D) She has to invite David to the party.A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson s lectures.B) Few students meet Prof. Johnson s requirements.C) Many students find Prof. Johnson s lectures boring.D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson s class.A) Check their computer files.B) Make some computations.C) Study a computer program.D) Assemble a computer.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.B) It requires him to work long hours.C) It enables him to apply theory to practice. It helps him understand people better.D) It helps him understand people better.A) It is intellectually challenging.B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.D) It demands physical endurance and patience.A) In a hospital.B) At a coffee shop.C) At a laundryD) In a hotelA) Getting along well with colleagues.B) Paying attention to every detail.C) Planning everything in advance.D) Knowing the needs of customers.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) The pocket money British children get.B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.C) The things British children spend money on.D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.A) It enables children to live better.B) It goes down during economic recession.C) It often rises higher than inflation.D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.A) Save up for their future education.B) Pay for small personal things.C) Buy their own shoes and socks.D) Make donations when necessary.Section BPassage oneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) District managers.B) Regular customers.C) Sales directors.D) Senior clerks.A)The support provided by the regular clients.B)The initiative shown by the sales representatives.C)The urgency of implementing the company^ plans.D)The important part played by district managers.A) Some of them were political-minded.B) Fifty percent of them were female.C) One third of them were senior managers.D) Most of them were rather conservative.A) He used too many quotations.B) He was not gender sensitive.C) He did not keep to the point.D) He spent too much time on details.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) State your problem to the head waiterB) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.A) Your problem may not be understood correctly.B) You don t know if you are complaining at the right time.C)Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D)You can t tell how the person on the line is reacting.A) Demand a prompt response.B) Provide all the details.C) Send it by express mail.D) Stick to the point.A) Fashion designer.B) Architect.C) City planner.D) Engineer.A) Do some volunteer work.B) Get a well-paid part-time job.C) Work flexible hours.D) Go back to her previous post.A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.B) It will add to family s financial burden.C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.D) The children won t get along with a baby-sitter.Section CAlmost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more 26 , less afraid of what he doesn t know, better at finding and 27 ，more confident, resourceful (机敏的）， persistent and 28 than he will ever be again in his schooling-or, unless he is very unusual and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and 29 the world and people around him, and without any school-type formal instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and 30 than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the 31 of language. He has discovered it-babies don t even know that language exists-and he has found out how it works and learnt to use it32 . He hasdone it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, by33 and seeing whether it works by gradually changing it and 34 it until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, including many of the 35 that the schools think only they can teach him, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.Part III Reading Comprehension (40minntes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.The fact is, the world has been finding less oil than it has been using for more than twenty years now. Not only has demand been __36__ , but the oil we have been finding is coming from places that are __37__ to reach. At the same time, more of this newly __38__ oil is of the type that requires a greater investment to __39__. And because demand for this precious resource will grow according to some, by over 40 percent by 2025, fueling the world"s economic __40__ will take a lot more energy from every possible source.The energy industry needs to get more from existing fields while continuing to search for new __41__. Automakers must continue to improve fuel efficiency and perfect hybrid (混合动力的) vehicles. Technological improvements are needed so that wind, solar and hydrogen can be more __42__ parts of the energy equation. Governments need to formulate energy policies that promote __43__ and environmentally sound development. Consumers must be willing to pay for some of these solutions, while practicing conservation efforts of their own.Inaction is not an __44__. So let"s work together to balance this equation. We are taking some of the __45__ needed to get started, but we need your help to go the rest of the way.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) consequentlyB) cultivateC) decliningD) derivedE) difficultF) discoveredG) economicallyH) exception I) feasibleJ) growthK) optionL) refineM) reservesN) soaringO) stepsSection BI Cry, Therefore I AmA) In 2008, at a German zoo, a gorilla (大猩猩) named Gana gave birth to a male infant, who died after three months. Photographs of Gana, looking stricken and inconsolable (伤心欲绝的) , attracted crowds to the zoo. Sad as the scene was, the humans, not Gana, were the only ones crying. The notion that animals can weep has no scientific basis. Years of observations by biologists Dian Fossey, who observed gorillas, and Jane Goodall, who worked with chimpanzees (黑猩猩) , could not prove that animals cry tears from emotion.B) It"s true that many animals shed tears, especially in response to pain. Tears protect the eye by keeping it moist. But crying as an expression of feeling is unique to humans and has played an essential role in human evolution and the development of human cultures.C) Within two days an infant can imitate sad and happy faces. If an infant does not cry out, it is unlikely to get the attention it needs to survive. Around 3 months, the relationship between the human infant and its environment takes on a more organized communicative role, and tearful crying begins to serve interpersonal purposes: the search for comfort and pacification (抚慰). As we get older, crying becomes a tool of social interaction; grief and joy, shame and pride, fear and manipulation.D) Tears are as universal as laughter, and grief is more complex than joy. But although we all cry, we do so in different ways. Women cry more frequently and intensely than men, especially when exposed to emotional events. Like crying, depression is, around the world, more commonly seen in women than in men. One explanation might be that women, who despite decades of social advances still suffer from economic inequality, discrimination (歧视) and even violence, might have more to cry about. Men not only cry for shorter periods than women, but they also are less inclined to explain their tears, usually shed them more quietly, and tend more frequently to apologize when they cry openly. Men, like women, report crying at the death of a loved one and in response to a moving religious experience. They are more likely than women to cry when their core identities-as providers and protectors, as fathers and fighters-are questioned.E) People who score on personality tests as more sympathetic cry more than those who are more rigid or have more self-control. Frequency of crying varies widely: some shed tears at any novel or movie, others only a handful of times in their lives. Crying in response to stress and conflict in the home, or after emotional trauma (创伤) , lasts much longer than tears induced by everyday sadness-which in turn last longer than tears of delight and joy.F) Sadness is our primary association with crying, but the fact is that people report feeling happier after crying. Surveys estimate that 85% of women and 73% of men report feeling better after shedding tears. Surprisingly, crying is more commonly associated with minor forms of depression than with major depression involving suicidal thoughts.G) People widely report that crying relieves tension, restores emotional balance and provides catharsis, a washing out of bad feelings. The term catharsis has religious implications of removing evil and sin; it"s no surprise that religious ceremonies are, around the world, one of the main settings for the release of tears.H) Crying is a nearly universal sign of grief, though some mourners report that, despite genuine sorrow, they cannot shed tears-sometimes even for years after their loved one has gone. Unlike today, when the privacy of grief is more respected, the public or ceremonial shedding of tears, at the graveside of a spouse or the funeral of a king or queen, was once considered socially or even politically essential.I) Crying has also served other social purposes. Rousseau wrote in his Confessions that while he considered tears the most, powerful expression of love, he also just liked to cry over nothing.J) The association of tears with art has ancient roots. The classic Greek tragedies of the fifth century B. C. were primarily celebrations of gods. Tragedies, like poetry and music, were staged religious events. Even then it was recognized that crying in response to drama brought pleasure.K) I have argued that there are neurobiological (神经生物方面的) associations linking the arts and mood disorders. When I lecture on crying, I ask my audience to let me know, by a show of hands, which art forms most move them to tears. About 80% say music, followed closely by novels (74%), but then the figures fail sharply, to 43% , for poetry, and 10 -22% for paintings, sculpture and architecture.L) The physical act of crying is mainly one of breathing in air, which is why we choke up when we weep. This suggests to language scientists that emotional crying evolved before language, perhaps explaining why tears communicate states of mind and feelings that are often so difficult to express in words. Of course, from an evolutionary perspective, recognition of emotion (usually through facial gesture) was essential for survival.M) The earliest humans arrived several million years ago, but only 150,000 to 200,000 years ago, did cultures, language, religion and the arts arise. Along the way, tears became more than a biological necessity to lubricate (润滑) the eye and developed into a sign of intense emotion and a signal of social bonding. The development of self-consciousness and the notion of individual identity, or ego; storytelling about the origins of the world, the creation of humanity and life after death; and the ability to feel others" sadness-all were critical parts of the neurobiological changes that made us human.N) More recently, we"ve learned from neuroscience that certain brain circuits (回路) are activated (激活) , rapidly and unconsciously, when we see another in emotional distress. In short, our brain evolved circuits to allow us to experience sympathy, which in turn made civilization, and an ethics based on sympathy, possible. So the next time you reach a tissue box, or sob on a friend"s shoulder, or shed tears at the movies, stop and reflect on why we cry and what it means to cry. Because ultimately, while we love to cry, we also cry to love.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46. Nowadays people respect the privacy of grief more than in the past.47. Infants cry to attract attention for survival.48. There is no scientific evidence as yet that animals can shed tears from emotion.49. Tears can perform certain communicative functions which words cannot.50. Our ability to experience sympathy is essential to the development of civilization.51. People are more inclined to cry when suffering minor forms of depression.52. Sometimes people cannot cry despite genuine grief.53. In humans" long history, tears have developed an essential role in social relationships.54. Men are less likely to give reasons for their tears.55. Crying has long been associated with art.Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Hospitals, hoping to curb medical error, have invested heavily to put computers, smartphones and other devices into the hands of medical staff for instant access to patient data, drug information and case studies.But like many cures, this solution has come with an unintended side effect: doctors and nurses can be focused on the screen and not the patient, even during moments of critical care. A poll showed that half of medical technicians had admitted texting during a procedure.This phenomenon has set off an intensifying discussion at hospitals and medical schools about a problem perhaps best described as distracted doctoring. In response, some hospitals have begun limiting the use of electronic devices in critical settings, while schools have started reminding medical students to focus on patients instead of devices.You justify carrying devices around the hospital to do medical records, but you can surf the Internet or do Facebook, and sometimes Facebook is more tempting, said Dr. Peter Papadakos at the University of Rochester Medical Center.My gut filing (本能的感觉) is lives are in danger, said Dr. Papadakos, We"re not educating people about the problem, and it"s getting worse.A survey of 439 medical technicians found that 55 percent of technicians who monitor bypass machines acknowledged that they had talked on cellphones during heart surgery. Half said they had texted while in surgery. The study concluded, Such distractions have the potential to be disastrous.Medical professionals have always faced interruptions from cellphones, and multitasking is simply a fact of life for many medical jobs. What has changed, say doctors, especially younger ones, is that they face increasing pressure to interact with their devices.The pressure stems from a mantra (信条) of modem medicine that patient care must be data driven, and informed by the latest, instantly accessible information. By many accounts, the technology has helped reduce medical error by providing instant access to patient data or prescription details.Dr. Peter Carmel, president of the American Medical Association, said technology offers great potential in health care, but he added that doctors" first priority should be with the patient.56. Why do hospitals equip their staff with computers, smartphones and other devices?A) To reduce medical error.B) To cope with emergencies.C) To facilitate administration.D) To simplify medical procedures.57. What does the author refer to by distracted doctoring ?A) The disservice done by modern devices to doctors, nurses, as well as patients.B) The tendency of medical institutions encouraging the use of modem devices.C) The problem of devices preventing doctors from focusing on their patients.D) The phenomenon of medical staff attending to personal affairs while working.58. What does Dr. Peter Papadakos worry about?A) Medical students are not adequately trained to use modem technology.B) Doctors" interaction with their devices may endanger patients" lives.C) Doctors are relying too heavily on modem electronic technology.D) Pressures on the medical profession may become overwhelming.59. Why do doctors feel increasing pressure to use modem devices?A) Patients trust doctors who use modem technology.B) Use of modem devices adds to hospitals" revenues.C) Data is given too much importance in patient care.D) Patients" data has to be revised from time to time.60. What is Peter Carmel"s advice to doctors?A) They follow closely the advances in medical science.B) They focus their attention on the patient"s condition.C) They observe hospital rules and regulations.D) They make the best use of modem devices.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.I have closely watched my generation, known as I he Millennials, for 29 years now, Joel Stem wrote an extensive piece on Millennials and he remains rather optimistic about our potential.I hesitate to share his optimism because of a paradox (矛盾的现象) we seem to exhibit, namely, that there are more avenues for us to entertain ourselves than ever before, yet we are more bored than ever before.Entertainment has never been more varied. We have more cable channels, television shows, and movies than ever before. Internet providers allow instant viewing of almost any movie or television program ever created. Social drinking and partying are also widely available for Millennials. Every generation develops these habits at a certain age, but Millennials seem to be extending this phase of life as they postpone marriage.Some of this is undoubtedly due to The Great Recession. Millennials are having a difficult time finding jobs; only 47 percent of 16-to-24-year-olds are employed, the smallest share since government started recording data in 1948.But do Millennial* respond to these economic troubles by doing whatever it takes to make ends meet? Hardly, In fact, of the four generations Pew Research has data for, the Millennial generation does not cite work ethic (勤奋工作) as distinctive of itself. Millennials want to save the world, but they sit and wait for that world-changing opportunity to be handed to them. Instead of working 2-3 jobs, launching a business, or doing what it takes to succeed, they retreat. Millennials may be the first generation to have a lower standard of living than their parents, but with this response to adversity (逆境) , perhaps deservingly so.Much ink has been spilled in management books discussing how to get the most out of these youths in the workplace. Largely, they come to the same conclusion; Millennials are entitled, over-confident, and expect too much too quickly. We should not be surprised. Today"s young adults were raised by parents who made sure to boost their self-esteem at every turn, telling them they could achieve whatever they set their minds to, and handing out prizes for the sixth place.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61. What does the author of the passage think of Millennials?A) They show little interest in entertainment.B) They are not confident about their ability.C) They enjoy an easy life due to high technology.D) They may not have bright prospects for success.62. How do Millennials feel about their life?A) They can hardly do anything about it.B) There is little in it to get excited about.C) It is not as good as their parents".D) It is full of opportunities for success.63. In what way are Millennials different from previous generations according to Pew Research?A) They spend less time socializing.B) They are indifferent to others.C) They do not value hard work.D) They are more independent.64. What should Millennials do according to the author?A) Remain optimistic in face of adversity.B) Start a business as early as possible.C) Make full use of new opportunities.D) Take action to change their situation.65. Why are Millennials over-confident about themselves?A) They have been spoiled by their parents.B) They can always get whatever they expect.C) They are misguided by management books.D) They think they are young and energetic.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．为了促进教育公平，中国已投入360亿元，用于改造农村地区教育设施和加强中西部地区农村义务教育(compulsory education)。这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使16万多所中小学受益。资金还用购置音乐和绘画器材。现在农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。一些为接受更好教育而转往城市上学的学生如今又回到了本地农村学校就读。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。National Center for the Performing ArtsI know you are fascinated by Chinese arts, Beijing Opera in particular, which is so appealing to you that you even indulge yourself in it. Since you will come to China,. I am willing to accompany you to the National Center for the Performing Arts to appreciate the splendid performance there.There, you can enjoy the authentic performance of Beijing Opera by celebrated actors. As the essence and miniature of Chinese culture, Beijing Opera incorporates the advantages of local opera and folk melody, prevailing in every corner of China. With its exposure to the Western world, many foreigners begin to fall in love with it. Besides, you can also have the opportunity to feast your eyes on the other forms of arts, which might also arouse your interest.By enjoying the authentic performance of Beijing Opera, you are bound to have a further understanding of Chinese arts, which in turn, will enrich your artistic accomplishment. I am sure that you will be deeply impressed, and that it must be a wonderful and unforgettable experience for you.1-8：CACAADCD 9-12：BDDB13-15：ACB 16-19：ADBB 20-22：CDD 23-25：BAC26. curious27. figuring things out28. independent29. interacting with30. abstract31. mystery32. appropriately33. trying it out34. refining35. concepts36-45：NEFLJ MIGKO46-55：HCALN FHMDJ56-65：ACBCB DBCDATranslationIn order to promote education equity, China has invested 36 billion yuan to improve the education facilities in rural areas and strengthen rural compulsory education in the central and western regions. The funds is used to better the school"s teaching facilities and purchase books, from which more than 160,000 middle and primary schools have gained benefits. The money is also spent on acquiring musical and painting instruments. Nowadays, children in rural and mountainous areas can have access to music and drawing lessons just like children in coastal cities. Some students who had once transferred to urban schools for better education now return to the local rural schools.
