军队文职考试有多项选择题吗_军队文职考试

解放军文职招聘考试一、单项选择题1-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间：2017-06-0310:07:04绪论一、单项选择题基础知识题1、作为中国共产党和社会主义事业指导思想的马克思主义是指A．不仅指马克思恩格斯创立的基本里论、基本观点和学说的体系，也包括继承者对它的发展B．无产阶级争取自身解放和整个人类解放的学说体系C．关于无产阶级斗争的性质、目的和释放条件的学说D．列宁创立的基本理论、基本观点和根本方法构成的科学体系2、马克思主义最重要的理论品质是A．吐故纳新B．科学严谨C．博大精深D．与时俱进3、无产阶级的科学世界观和方法论是A．辩证唯物主义B．历史唯物主义C．辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义D．唯物主义4、马克思主义最崇高的社会理想A．实现共产主义B．消灭阶级、消灭国家C．实现个人的绝对自由D．实现人权5、哲学把无产阶级当作自己的物质武器，同样，无产阶级把哲学当作自己的精神武器，这个论断的含义是A．马克思主义是无产阶级的世界观和方法论B．哲学的存在方式是物质C．无产阶级的存在方式是精神D．无产阶级掌握哲学就由自为阶级转变为自在阶级二、多项选择题基础知识题1、19世纪3040年代，标志着无产阶级成为独立的政治力量登上历史舞台的三大工人运动是A．法国里昂工人起义B．德国西里西亚纺织工人起义C．英国的无产阶级宪章运动D．法国巴黎公社起义2、德国古典哲学最具代表性的人物有A．黑格尔B．康德C．费希特D．费尔巴哈3、资产阶级古典政治经济学的主要代表人物有A．亚当斯密B．大卫李嘉图C．费希特D．费尔巴哈4、空想社会主义的主要代表人物有A．圣西门B．傅立叶C．费希特D．欧文5、19世纪4060年代，马克思恩格斯批判地继承了前人的成果，实现了人类思想史上的伟大革命，是因为发现了A．唯物史观B．唯物主义C．剩余价值学说D．劳动价值论6、马克思主义的直接理论来源是A.法国唯物主义哲学B.空想社会主义C.古典政治经济学D.德国古典哲学

解放军文职招聘考试第七章 　一、单项选择题 （一）基础知识题-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

解放军文职招聘考试第七章一、单项选择题（一）基础知识题发布时间：2017-06-0310:10:24第七章一、单项选择题（一）基础知识题1、无产阶级专政的最终目标是A.建立社会主义国家B.建立工农联盟C.法律面前人人平等D.消灭剥削、消灭阶级，进入到无阶级社会2、两个必然和两个决不会A.是矛盾的B.是两回事C.是有着内在联系的D.是内容和形式的关系3、下列说法正确的是A.只有空想社会主义思想家预见了未来社会B.只有马克思主义经典作家预见了未来社会C.只有唯心主义主义思想家预见了未来社会D.许多思想家都预见了未来社会（二）理论联系实际题1、通过批判旧世界来发现新世界是A．空想社会主义预见未来社会的方法B．马克思主义预见未来社会的方法C．唯物主义预见未来社会的方法D．唯心主义预见未来社会的方法二、多项选择题（一）基础知识题1、马克思和恩格斯认为在共产主义社会将要消失的三大差别是A.资产阶级和无产阶级的差别B.工业和农业的差别C.城市和乡村的差别D.脑力劳动与体力劳动的差别2、列宁领导苏维埃俄国对社会主义道路的探索，大体经历了哪几个时期A.和平发展时期B.进一步巩固苏维埃政权时期C.战时共产主义时期D.战时共产主义时期转变为新经济政策时期3、共产主义社会的第一阶段的基本特征是A.生产资料归全社会所有B.根据社会的需要，是有计划的C.按劳分配D.没有阶级对立和阶级差别4、共产主义是人类能够实现的社会理想是A.以人类社会发展规律为依据的B.以资本主义社会基本矛盾的发展为依据的C.可以用社会主义运动的实践来证明的D.要靠社会主义的不断完善和发展来实现的5、.共产主义是人类最理想的社会制度，它的基本特征有A.生产力高度发展，社会产品极大丰富B.实行各尽所能，按劳分配的原则C.消灭了旧式分工，个人得到全面发展D.国家完全消亡，代之以社会管理机关6、关于共产主义理想，下列提法正确的有A.共产主义渺茫论B.共产主义是能够实现的理想C.在社会主义初级阶段不应树立共产主义理想D.共产主义理想的实现是一个漫长的历史过程7、下列属于必然王国社会状态的是A.奴隶社会B.封建社会C.资本主义社会D.共产主义社会（二）理论联系实际题：1、下列选项中属于共产主义含义的有A．是一种科学理论B．是一种现实运动C．是一种社会制度D．是一种社会理想2、马克思主义经典作家与其他思想家预见未来社会的方法区别在A．前者侧重于一般特征的揭示，后者侧重于详尽细节的描绘B．前者从客观规律出发，后者从理性出发C．前者通过批判旧世界发现新世界，后者凭空猜测无法知道的事情D．前者是乐观主义态度，后者是悲观主义的态度三、判断题（一）基础知识题1、共产主义理想是无法实现的社会理想。2、两个必然阐述的是资本主义灭亡和共产主义胜利的客观必然性。3、马克思的全部理论，就是运用最彻底、最完整、最周密、内容最丰富的发展论去考察现代资本主义。4、现存的资本主义国家只能首先进入共产主义的低级阶段，而不可能直接达到共产主义的高级阶段。5、两个必然是指资产阶级的灭亡和无产阶级的胜利是同样不可避免的。（二）理论联系实际题1、资本主义发展到今天已经证明了两个必然的错误。2、任何一个国家都不能跳过社会主义阶段而直接进入共产主义社会

解放军文职招聘考试新版英语国家概况—选择题-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间：2017-05-2110:49:00新版英语国家概况选择题I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.TheUnitedKingdomislocatedin____.A.northernEuropeB.westernEuropeC.northwesternEuropeD.southeasternEurope2.ThetwolargeislandsthatmakeuptheBritishIslesare____.A.ScotlandandIrelandB.BritainandScotlandC.GreatBritainandNorthernIrelandD.GreatBritainandIreland3.TheBritishEmpirewasreplacedbytheBritishCommonwealthortheCommonwealthofNationsin____.A.1921B.1931C.1945D.19504.TheCommonwealthofNationsisanassociationofindependentcountries____.A.thatwereoncecoloniesofBritainB.thathavealargenumberofBritishimmigrantsC.thathavecloserelationswithBritainD.thathavefoughtonthesideofBritaininthetwoworldwars5.TheEnglishChannelseparatestheislandofGreatBritainfrom____.A.DenmarkB.BelgiumC.FranceD.theNetherlands6.Englandhasthreemainlandregions.TheyaretheSouthwesternPlateau,thePennines,and___.A.theEasternPlainB.theHighlandC.theCentralLowlandsD.theSouthernUplands7.Scotlandoccupiesthe____thirdoftheislandofGreatBritainintheBritishIsles.A.southernB.northernC.easternD.western8.NorthernIreland,whichtakesupthenorthernfifthofIreland,isafourthpoliticaldivisionof____.A.theUnitedKingdomB.IrelandC.ScotlandD.Wales9.Britainslongestriversare____.A.theSevernandtheClydeB.theThamesandtheClydeC.theClydeandtheHumberD.theSevernandtheThames10.ThelargestlakeintheBritishIslesis____.A.LochLomondB.LochNeaghC.WindermereD.Ullswater11.Britainsclimateisinfluencedby____,awarmoceancurrentthatpassesthewesterncoastoftheBritishIslesandwarmsthem.A.theNorthAtlanticDriftB.theBrazilCurrentC.theLabradorCurrentD.theFalklandCurrent12.TheEnglishpeopleandtheEnglishlanguagewerebornfromtheunionof____.A.theAnglesandtheSaxonsB.GermanicconquerorsandtheNormanFrenchC.DanesorVikingsandtheNormanFrenchD.NormanconquerorsandthedefeatedAnglo-Saxons13.GenerallyspeakingtheEnglishsouthernersspeakthetypeofEnglishcloserto____.A.theCockneyB.theQueensEnglishC.theGaelicD.theBBCEnglish14.AlthoughWaleshasbeenunitedwithEnglandformorethan400years,theWelshhaskeptalive____.A.theirownlanguageB.theirownliteratureC.theirowntraditionD.Alloftheabove15.TheEisteddfodisa(n)____festivalofpoetry,musicandotherarts.A.EnglishB.ScottishC.WelshD.Irish16.NowadaystheGaeliclanguage,whichisanancient____,isstillheardintheHighlandsandtheWesternIsles.A.ScottishlanguageB.EnglishlanguageC.IrishlanguageD.Celticlanguage17.ManyScottishnamesbeginwithM,McorMac,whichmeans__A.fatherofB.sunofC.sonofD.someof18.InNorthernIreland____makeupthedominantgroup.A.RomanCatholicsB.EnglishProtestantsC.non-religiouspeopleD.Jewishpeople19.NorthernIrelandissmall,butitissignificantbecauseofthe__A.theeconomicproblemsB.thepoliticaltroublesC.theimmigrationissuesD.thenationalidentity20.AboutthreemillionpeoplehavemigratedtoBritainsinceWorldWarll.TheyaremainlyfromtheWestIndies,Indiaand____.A.IndonesiaB.SingaporeC.HongKongD.Pakistankey1.C2.D3.B4.A5.C6.A7.B8.A9.D10.B1l.A12.D13.Dl4.D15.C16.D17.C18.B19.B20.DExercises2I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.ThefirstknownsettlersofBritainwerethe____.A.CeltsB.IberiansC.BeakerFolkD.Romans2.TheCelts"religionwas____.A.BuddhismB.IslamC.DruidismD.Christianity3.Romancontrolwasonlyeffectivein____.A.ScotlandB.WalesC.LondonD.ThesoutheastofBritain4.ChristianitywasfirstbroughttoEnglandbythe____.A.RomansB.CeltsC.Anglo-SaxonsD.Danes5.TheRomansremainedincontrolofBritainfornearly400yearsandtheypulledoutin____.A.306ADB.410ADC.446ADD.1066AD6.WhichofthefollowingtribescametoBritainfirst?A.TheAngles.B.TheSaxons.C.TheGaels.D.TheJutes.7.____becamethefirstrealkingofEngland,thoughhedidnotassumethatstyle.A.OffaB.EgbertC.VortigernD.Hengist8.____becamethefirstArchbishopofCanterbury.A.ColumbaB.EthelbertC.St.AugustineD.Egbert9.TheVikingsbegantoattackvariouspartsofEnglandfromtheendofthe____century.A.7thB.8thC.9thD.10th10.WhoweretheancestorsoftheEnglishandthefoundersofEngland?A.TheAnglo-Saxons.B.TheNormans.C.TheVikings.D.TheRomans11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.AlfredtheGreatstartedtheEnglishnavy.B.AlfredtheGreatreorganizedtheSaxonany,makingitmoreefficient.C.AlfredtheGreatestablishedschoolsandformulatedalegalSystem.D.AlfredtheGreatimposeatax,calledtheDanegeld,ontheSaxons.12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.CanutewaschosenbytheWitanaskingofEngland.B.CanutewasawarriorkingandfoughtmanybattlesagainsttheNormans.C.CanutedividedpowerbetweenDanesandSaxons.D.CanuteforcedMalcolmII,kingoftheScots,torecognizehimasoverlord.13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.EdwardtheConfessorwasmoreFrenchthanEnglish.B.EdwardtheConfessorfilledhiscourtwith"foreign"favorites.C.EdwardtheConfessorwasonverygoodtermswithhisfather-in-law,EarlGodwin.D.EdwardtheConfessorappointedaNormanpriestArchbishopofCanterbury.14.WhenEdwardtheConfessordied,____waschosenbytheWitanaskingOfEngland.A.thekingofNorwayB.HaroldGodwinson,EarlofWessexC.Edgar,Edward"snephewD.Tostig,thedeposedEarlofNorthumbria15.Tostig,Harold"sbrother,joined____,andmadeanattempttorecoverhislostearldomofNorthumbria.A.HaroldHardrada,KingofNorwayB.Edgar,Edward"snephewC.MalcolmII,KingoftheScotsD.Hardicanute16.William,DukeofNormandy,foughtKingHaroldofEnglandattheBattleofHastingsin____.A.1086B.1066C.1035D.138117.WilliamwontheBattleofHastings.Later,on____,hewascrownedkingofEngland.A.EasterDayB.St.Andrew"sDayC.ChristmasDayD.BoxingDay18.William,DukeofNormandy,isnowknownas____.A.WilliamtheConfessorB.WilliamLion-HeartC.thefatheroftheBritishnavyD.WilliamtheConqueror19.MostofthelandbelongingtotheSaxonswasconfiscatedbyWilliamandgivento____.A.theNormanbaronsB.theDanesC.theIrishD.theScots20.TheNormanConquestisperhaps____eventinEnglishhistory.A.atriflingB.thebest-knownC.ahorrifyingD.asensational1.B2.C3.D4.A5.B6.C7.B8.C9.Bl0.A11.D12.Bl3.Cl4.Bl5.A16.B17.Cl8.D19.A20.BExercises3I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.InthereignofWilliamI,the____wereatthebottomofthefeudalscale.A.knightsB.villeinsC.lessernoblesD.freemen2.TheDomesdayBookwascompletedin____.A.1086B.1085C.1087D.10063.WhenWilliamIdiedinNormandyin____heleftEnglandtohissecondsonWilliam.A.1100B.1153C.1087D.11354.WilliamIIwasknownasWilliamRufusbecauseofhis____A.independenceB.efficiencyC.filialpietyD.redcomplexion5.____wasthefounderofthePlantagenetdynastyandruledEnglandfor35years.A.HenryIB.KingStephenC.HenryIID.CountofAnjou6.WilliamRufus(WilliamII)waskilledbyanarrowwhenhewashuntingin____inAugustl100.A.theNewForestB.PevenseyC.WinchesterD.Gloucester7.HenryIItooksomemeasurestobringthedisordersof____reigntoanend.A.HenryI"sB.KingStephen"sC.WilliamII"sD.EdwardtheConfessor"s8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.HenryIIdidsomerenovationsofcastlesbuiltinStephen"stime.B.HenryIIrecalledgrantsofRoyallandsmadebyStephen.C.HenryIIstrengthenedthepowersofhissheriffs.D.HenryIIreliedforarmedsupportuponamilitiamadeupofEnglishFreemen.9.HenryIIdividedthecountryinto____circuitsandappointedtravelingjudgestoeachofthem.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.TheBishop"scourtscouldpunishbymeansofcensure.B.TheBishop"scourtscouldinflictcorporalpunishment.C.TheBishop"scourtscouldpunishbymeansofexcommunication.D.TheBishop"scourtscouldpunishbymeanofpenance.11.AfterThomasBecketrejectedtheConstitutionsofClarendonHenryII____.A.appointedhimChancellorofEnglandB.madehimArchbishopofCanterburyC.drovehimintoexileD.increasedtheJurisdictionofthechurchcourts12.ThomasBecketspent____yearsonthecontinentandreturnedtoEnglandin1l70.A.fourB.fiveC.sixD.seven13.TheGreatCharter(orMagnaCarta)wassignedbyKingJohnatRunnymedein____.A.1162B.1164C.1210D.121514.SimondeMontfortsummonedin____theGreatCounciltomeetatWestminster,togetherwithtwoknightsfromeachcountyandtwocitizensfromeachtown.A.1242B.1258C.1265D.126615.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Inthe13thcenturyaBlackRodwentbetweenthetwoHousesofParliamentforliaisonandtodisciplinethemembers.B.Inthe13thcenturyParliamentonlymetbyroyalinvitation.C.Inthe13thcenturyParliament"srolewastoofferadvice,nottomakedecisions.D.Inthe13thcenturythemostimportantpartofParliamentwastheHouseofLords.16.Duringthereignof____,WaleswasbroughtunderEnglishrule.A.HenryIIIB.EdwardIC.EdwardIID.EdwardIII17.____becamethefirstprincetoholdthetitleofPrinceofWales,whichcontinuestobebornebytheeldestsonofthereigningmonarch.A.RichardIB.HenryIIIC.EdwardIID.EdwardIII18.ThechiefdemandofthepeasantsduringthePeasantUprisingof1381was____.A.theabolitionofvilleinageB.thepunishmentoftheKing"sministersC.theincreaseofwagesD.thereformofthechurch19.WatTylerwaskilledbyWilliamWalworth,____.A.ArchbishopofYorkB.MayorofLondonC.ArchbishopofCanterburyD.theTreasurer20.ThePeasantUprisingof1381didnotdirectagainst____.A.therichclergyB.thelawyersC.thelandownersD.thetowntraders1.B2.A3.C4.D5.C6.A7.B8.A9.Dl0.B11.Cl2.C13.Dl4.C15.A16.B17.C18.Al9.B20.DExercises4I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.ThenameofWarsoftheRoseswas,infact,coinedbythegreat19thcenturynovelist____.A.CharlesDickensB.GeorgeElliotC.SirWalterScottD.CharlotteBronte2.AlthoughtheWarsoftheRoseswerefoughtintermittentlyfor____years,ordinarypeoplewerelittleaffectedandwentabouttheirbusinessasusual.A.20B.30C.40D.503.Nolessthan____noblesofroyalbloodwerekilledintheWarsoftheRoses.A.80B.90C.100D.1104.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.HenryVIIrefilledtheroyaltreasurythroughloans,subsidies,propertyleviesandfines.B.HenryVIIforbadethenoblestokeepexcessivepower.C.HenryVIIbuiltupEngland"snavyandforeigntrade.D.HenryVIIcompletelyneglectedparliamentasthoughitneverexisted.5.HenryVIIIdeclaredhimselfSupremeHeadoftheChurchofEnglandin____.A.1529B.1534C.1535D.15476.QueenMaryburntatstakesome____menandwomenwhorefusedtochangebacktotheCatholicfaith.A.300B.350C.400D.4507.Marydiedchildlessandherhalf-sisterElizabethcametothethroneasElizabethIin____.A.1547B.1558C.1588D.16038.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.ElizabethIbrokeMary"stieswithRome.B.ElizabethIrestoredherfather"sindependentChurchofEngland.C.ElizabethI"sreligiousreformwasacompromiseofviews.D.ElizabethI"sreligioussettlementwasacceptabletobothextremeProtestantsandardentCatholics.9.TheRenaissancebeganinnorthernItalyintheearly____century,andwastypifiedbytheuniversalgeniusofLeonardoDaVinci.A.11thB.12thC.13thD.14th10.TheEnglishRenaissanceissaidtohavebegunin____.A.1422B.1478C.1485D.149511.JamesVIofScotlandsucceededElizabethIandbecameJamesIofEnglandin____.A.1601B.1603C.1615D.162512.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.ThePuritansbelievedthattheReformationhadgonetoofar.B.ThePuritansbecameverypowerfulinParliament.C.ThePuritanswereveryhappywhentheyheardthatJameshadbecomekingofEngland.D.ThePuritanscalledforapurerformofworship.13.ThePuritanssuspectedJamesIofEnglandbeingasecret____becauseofhispro-Spanishforeignpolicyandhisson"sSpanishmarriagealliance.A.BuddhistB.CatholicC.ProtestantD.Muslim14.In____asmallgroupofPuritanssailedfromPlymouthintheMayflower,andfoundNewPlymouthinAmerica,Britain"sfirstsettlementintheNewWorld.A.1614B.1615C.1620D.162115.TheGreatCivilWar,asitbecameknown,lastedfrom____until1646.A.1639B.1640C.1641D.164216.WhentheFirstCivilWarbrokeout____menwereatCharlesI"scommand.A.1,000B.2,000C.3,000D.4,00017.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.OliverCromwellbecameLordProtectoroftheCommonwealthofEnglandin1653bythePetitionofRight.B.OliverCromwellcrushedwithoutmercyarebellioninIreland.C.OliverCromwellsuppressedtheLevellers,agroupwithinhisownarmywhoadvocatedtotalreligiousandsocialequality.D.OliverCromwellreplacedtheRumpwithanassemblylargelychosenbyhimself.18.In1660themonarchywasrestoredandCharlesI"ssonwasbroughtbackfrom____,wherehehadfledforsafety.A.FlandersB.FranceC.HollandD.Germany19.AftertheRestoration,Parliamentpassedaseriesofseverelawscalled____againstthePuritans,nowknownasConformists.A.AgreementofPeopleB.ThePetitionofRightC.TheClarendonCodeD.TheActofSupremacy20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.TheBillofRightsexcludedanyRomanCatholicsfromthesuccession.B.TheBillofRightsconfirmedtheprincipleofparliamentarysupremacy.C.TheBillofRightsguaranteedfreespeechwithinboththeHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons.D.TheBillofRightsrequestedthatnotaxesshouldberaisedwithoutconsentofParliament.1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.A7.B8.D9.D10.C11.B12.A13.B14.C15.D16.A17.A18.B19.C20.DExercises5I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.Traditionalfarminginvolvedtheopenfieldvillage,asystemthatdatedbacktothe____century.A.4thB.5thC.6thD.7th2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Theopenfieldsystemprovidedagoodopportunitytoexperiment.B.Theopenfieldsystemwastedland.C.Theopenfieldsystemwaswastefuloflaborandtime.D.Theopenfieldsystemmadelivestockfarmingdifficult.3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTconsideredacharacteristicoffarminginthelate18thandearly19thcenturies?A.Useofartificialfertilizer.B.Introductionofnewagriculturalmachinery.C.The"Open-field"system.D.Asystemofcroprotation.4.Landenclosurewasadisasterforthe____evictedfromtheirlandbytheenclosures.A.landlordsB.tenantsC.farmersD.wagelaborers5.InIrelandandScottishHighlandslandenclosureledtomassemigration,particularlyto____.A.AfricaB.EasternEuropeC.AsiaD.TheNewWorld6.Bytheearly19thcentury,Britainhadaroadnetworkofsome____miles.A.115,000B.120,000C.125,000D.130,0007.InEnglandnofemaleswereallowedtovoteinnationalelectionsbefore____.A.1918B.1920C.1928D.19458.In1836agroupof____andsmallshopkeepersformedtheLondonWorkingMen"sAssociation.A.householdersB.tenantsC.skilledworkersD.officeworkers9.ThesixpointsofthePeople"sCharterwereachievedgraduallyovertheperiodof____,althoughthesixthhasneverbeenpractical.A.1836-1848B.1842-1848C.1848-1908D.1858-191810.ParliamentpassedtheCombinationActsof1799-1800toforbidtheformationof____.A.anewgovernmentB.societiesC.communesD.unions11.TheLaborPartyhaditsoriginsinthe____,whichwasformedinJanuary,1893.A.IndependentLaborPartyB.GrandNationalConsolidatedTradeUnionC.AmalgamatedSocietyofEngineersD.TradeUnionCongress12.Thankstothemilitantfeministmovementofthe____ledbyMrs.PankhurstbeforetheFirstWorldWar,votesweregrantedtowomenover30in1918.A.LudditesB.SuffragettesC.ChartistsD.Levellers13.ThesparkoftheFirstWorldWarwasstruckatSarajevoonJune28,____,whentheAustrianCrownPrinceFranzFerdinandwasassassinatedbyaSerbiannationalist.A.1913B.1914C.1915D.191614.AsaresultoftheFirstWorldWarsettlementthe____wasestablishedin1920.A.LeagueofNationsB.BritishCommonwealthC.BritishEastIndiaCompanyD.UnitedNations15.AfterWorldWarIpoliticalunrestinBritainledto____generalelectionsinjustover5years.A.2B.3C.4D.516.TheBlitzradicallychangedthefaceofLondonforthefirsttimesince____nearly3centuriesearlier.A.theBlackDeathB.theGreatFireC.theCivilWarD.theGreatPlague17.Thefoundationsof____waslaidinthelate1940s,providingfreemedicalcareforeveryoneandfinancialhelpfortheold,thesickandtheunemployed.A.thewelfarestateB.theNationalHealthServiceC.thecompulsoryeducationD.theWomen"sLiberationMovement18.Inthe1960sPopmusicunderwentarevolutionwhentheBeatlesbecameworldfamousandturnedtheirhometownof____intoaplaceofpilgrimage.A.ManchesterB.BlackpoolC.LiverpoolD.Sheffield19.The1970ssawthegrowthof___inWalesandScotland.A.liberalismB.MarxismC.chauvinismD.nationalism20.MargaretThatcherbelievedinthefollowingexcept____.A.self-relianceB.thestrengtheningoftradeunionsC.privatizationD.theuseofmonetarypoliciestocontrolinflation1.B2.A3.C4.B5.D6.C7.A8.C9.D10.D11.A12.B13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.C19.D20.BExercises7(第6章不考，所以省略，下同）I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.TheeconomicpolicyBritainpursuedinthe1950sand1960swasbasedonthetheoryof____.A.AdamSmithB.JohnMaynardKeynesC.MargaretThatcherD.KarlMarx2.Inthe1970sBritainmaintainedthe_____growthrateandthe_____inflationrateamongthedevelopedcountries.A.lowest/lowestB.highest/highestC.lowest/highestD.highest/lowest3.UnderMargaretThatcherBritainexperienced_______.A.economicrecessionB.economicexpansionC.economicdeclineD.economicdepression4.InBritainserviceindustriesaccountforabout____ofitsgrossdomesticproduct(GDP).A.one-thirdB.two-thirdsC.three-fifthsD.four-fifths5.ThefollowingarethereasonswhyBritishcoalminingistodaycalledasickindustryexcept_____.A.BritainhasusedupalmostallcoaldepositsB.thedemandforBritishcoalhasdeclinedC.petroleum,waterpower,andelectricpowerarereplacingcoalformanypurposesD.theoldBritishminesarenarrowanddeep,makingitdifficulttosuemachinesfromining.6.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofBritishironandsteelindustry?A.Britain"ssteelindustryisdeclining.B.NomorenewdiscoveriesofironorehavebeenfoundinBritain.C.Suppliesofironorearenowmostlyforeign.D.Comparedwithnewerplantsintheworld,Britain"ssteelworksarenotefficient.7.Rolls-Royceisworldfamousfor_____.A.machinetoolsB.householdappliancesC.luxuryautomobilesD.high-qualityknivesandhandtools8.WhyisitthatBritaintodayimportsmoreclothingthanitexports?A.Britishclothingisofpoorquality.B.Britaindoesnotgrowcotton.C.ManycountrieswithlowercostscanproduceclothingmorecheaplythantheBritishcan.D.Britainhasahighlydevelopedtransportationsystem.9.Theareabetween_____and______isnowoftenreferredtoastheSiliconGlen.A.London/SouthWalesB.theOxford/theCambridgeC.London/theCambridgeD.Glasgow/Edinburgh10.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofBritain"sagriculture?A.Britishfarmingishighlymechanized.B.AgricultureinBritainisintensive.C.Britishfarmingisveryefficient.D.Britain"sagriculturecanproduceenoughfoodforitspeople.11.WhichareaiscalledtheGardenofEnglandandisfamousforbeautifulblossomsinspring?A.ThecountyofKentinsoutheasternEngland.B.ThecountyofEastSussexinsouthernEngland.C.ThecountyofWestSussexinsouthernEngland.D.ThecountyofEssexineasternEngland.12.Britainonceimportedchiefly_____andexportedmostly______.A.manufacturedproducts/rawmaterialsB.rawmaterials/manufacturedproductsC.foods/mineralsD.minerals/foods13.Britain"sleadingcustomersandsuppliersareFrance,Germanyand_____.A.JapanB.BelgiumC.theNetherlandsD.theUnitedStates14.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofBritain"sforeigntrade?A.ThevalueofBritain"sexportsofgoodsusuallyexceedsthevalueofitsimports.B.ThevalueofBritain"simportsofgoodsusuallyexceedsthevalueofitsexports.C.Manufacturedgoodsnowaccountforabout85%ofBritishimportsandabout80%ofitsexports.D.MostoftheUnitedKingdom"stradeiswithotherdevelopedcountries,especiallyothermembersoftheEuropeanUnion.15.TheEuropeanUnion(EU)isanorganizationof15_____thatpromotescooperationamongitsmembers.A.EuropeancountriesB.developedcountriesC.WesternEuropeancountriesD.SouthernEuropeancountries16.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueoftheEuropeanUnion?A.TheUnitedStatesisalsoamemberoftheEU.B.ThemembersoftheEUcooperateinmanyareas,includingpoliticsandeconomics.C.TheEUisamajoreconomicunit.D.Thecombinedvalueoftheunion"simportsandexportsisgreaterthanthatofanysinglecountryintheworld.17.HeadquartersoftheEuropeanUnionarein______.A.Paris,FranceB.London,BritainC.Berlin,GermanyD.Brussels,Belgium18._____startedasatradingpostoftheRomanEmpireaboutAD43.A.TheCityofWestminsterB.TheCityofLondonC.WestEndofLondonD.EastEndofLondon19.Today,theCityofLondonisthebusinesscenterofLondonwhere_____arelocated.A.bigsupermarketsB.theatresandcinemasC.largefinancialorganizationsD.restaurantsandcafes20.WhatisLloyd"s?A.Itisafamousbank.B.Itisabigdepartmentstore.C.Itisafamousinsurancecompany.D.Itisalargehotel.1.B2.C3.B4.B5.A6.B7.C8.C9.D10.D11.A12.B13.D14.A15.C16.A17.D18.B19.C20.CExercises8I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.Allcriminaltrialsareheldinopencourtbecausethecriminallawpresumesthe_____oftheaccuseduntilhehasbeenprovedguiltybeyondreasonabledoubt.A.guiltB.impartialityC.innocenceD.honesty2.Thejuryconsistsofordinary,independentcitizenssummonedbythecourt:12inEngland,WalesandNorthernIreland,and____inScotland.A.12B.13C.14D.153.Peoplebetweentheagesof_____and70(65inScotland)whosenamesappearontheelectoralregister,withcertainexceptions,areliableforjuryserviceandtheirnamesarechosenatrandom.A.18B.19C.20D.214.YouthCourtstrymostcasesinvolvingpeopleunder_____.A.17B.18C.19D.205.TheCrownCourtsitsat_____centersandispresidedoverbyHighCourtJudges,full-timeCircuitJudgesandpart-timeRecorders.A.91B.92C.93D.946.ThemaincourtsofciviljurisdictioninEnglandandWalesaretheCountyCourtsofwhichthereare_____.A.270B.271C.272D.2737.InNorthernIrelandcivilcasesuptothevalueof￡_____aredealtwithincountycourts.A.14,000B.15,000C.16,000D.17,0008.Thereare_____policeforcesinEnglandandWales,8inScotlandandone(theRoyalUlsterConstabulary)9nNorthernIreland.A.40B.41C.42D.439.Policeofficersarenotallowedtojoin____ortogoonstrike.A.aclubB.atradeunionC.apoliticalpartyD.thearmy10.Thereareabout130prisonestablishmentsinEnglandandWalesandsome20inScotland,manyofwhichwerebuiltinthe____century.A.16thB.17thC.18thD.19th1.C2.D3.A4.B5.C6.A7.B8.D9.B10.DExercises9I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.TheNationalHealthServicewasestablishedintheUnitedKingdomin_____.A.1946B.1947C.1948D.19492.Prescriptionchargesdonotapplytothefollowingpeopleexcept____.A.self-employedpeopleB.childunder16C.warandarmedforcesdisablementpensionersD.womenaged60andoverandmenaged65andover3.NHShassufferedfromunder-fundinginrecentdecades,asaresultofwhichmany______peoplehavebeenturningtoprivatemedicalhealthcare.A.workingclassB.elderlyC.educatedD.better-off4.Britainahsabout______millionadultswithoneormoredisabilities,ofwhomaround7percentliveincommunalestablishments.A.4B.5C.6D.75.Mostpregnantworkingwomenreceivetheirstatutorymaternitypaydirectlyfromtheiremployerforamaximumof_____weeks.A.17B.18C.19D.206.TheChurchofEnglandisnotfreetochangeitsformofworship,aslaiddownin_____withouttheconsentofParliament.A.theBillofRightsB.theProvisionsofOxfordC.theConstitutionsofClarendonD.theBookofCommonPrayer7.ThepositionoftheChurchofScotlandwasdefinedintheTreatyofUnion,1707,andfurthersafeguardedbytheChurchofScotlandAct,______.A.1921B.1922C.1923D.19248.TheSalvationArmyisservedby1,800officers(ordainedministers)andrunsmorethan_____worshipcenters.A.500B.1,000C.1,500D.2,0009.AtChristmas,thehomeisdecoratedwiththefollowingexcept_____.A.colorfulpaperchainsB.leavesofhollyandmistletoeC.ayoungfir-treeD.firecrackers10.Easteristraditionallyassociatedwiththefollowingexcept____.A.theresurrectionofChristB.theeatingofEastereggsC.thecustomofgivingpresentsD.thecomingofspring1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.D7.A8.B9.D10.CExercises10I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.Therearesome____universities,includingtheOpenUniversityinBritain.A.70B.80C.90D.1002.Some_____percentofsecondaryschoolsinEnglandaregrant-maintained(GM)self-governingschools.A.10B.15C.20D.253.TheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridgedatefromthe____centuries.A.12thand13thB.13thand14thC.14thand15thD.15thand16th4.Over____scienceparkshavebeensetupbyhighereducationinstitutionsinconjunctionwithindustrialscientistsandtechnologists.A.10B.20C.30D.405.Withabout_____dailyandSundaynewspaperspublishednationwide,theBritishpublicreadsmorenewspapersthanvirtuallyanyothercountryintheworld.A.110B.120C.130D.1406.TheBBCWorldServicebroadcastsinternationalnewsworldwide,usingEnglishand____otherlanguages.A.37B.38C.39D.407.Insummerthereareopen-airtheatres,includingoneinLondon"sRegent"sPark,where____areperformed,andtheMinackTheatre,whichisanopencliffsidenearLand"sEndinCornwall.A.WilliamShakespeare"splaysB.ChristopherMarlowe"splaysC.BenJohnson"splaysD.GeorgeBernardShaw"splays8.Pantomimeisakindofplaybasedonatraditionalfairytaleandper-formed____.A.atEasterB.onNewYear"sDayC.onSt.Patrick"sDayD.atChristmastime9.EdinburghInternationalFestivalofMusicandDramatakesplaceforaperiodof3to4weeksbetween____whenEdinburghbecomesacenterofculturalactivity.A.JulyandAugustB.AugustandSeptemberC.SeptemberandOctoberD.OctoberandNovember10.In____eachyeartheNationalFilmTheatrehoststheLondonFilmFes-tival,atwhichsome250newfilmsfromallovertheworldarescreened.A.SeptemberB.OctoberC.NovemberD.December1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.B7.A8.D9.B10.C到了美国部分Exercises14I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.Theannualpopulationgrowthrateofthe1990swas______.A.1%B.0.9%C.over1%D.under1%2.Amajorsourceofpopulationgrowthis________.A.immigrationB.babyboomC.risingbirthrateD.largernumberofyoungpeople3.Theimmigrantsspreadunevenlyacrossthecountry,with______havingthelargestpercentageofimmigrants.A.NortheastB.theWestC.MidwestD.theSouth4.________wasanimportantimmigrationspotinlate19thcenturyandearly20thcentury.A.EllisIslandB.SanFranciscoC.HawaiiD.Miami5.Thethreestatesthathaveseenthefastestgrowthinpopulationinthepast20yearsare______.A.California,ArizonaandNewMexicoB.California,FloridaandNevadaC.NewMexico,TexasandFloridaD.Arizona,NevadaandFlorida6.OneofthereasonsforthegrowthofpopulationinFloridaisbecauseofits_________.A.expandingeconomyB.largenumberofCuban-AmericansC.climateD.exoticfood7.Morethan_____ofthepopulationintheUnitedStateslivedincityareasin1988.A.60%B.75%C.90%D.50%8.Thepopulationbetweentheageof25and44increasedby28.1%from1980to1989because___________.A.thiswastheperiodoflargeinflowofyoungimmigrantsB.thiswasthebirthageofthebabyboomers.C.thelargenumberbornduringWWIIreachedthisagebracketD.thosewhowerebornintheperiodofbabyboomreachedthisagebracket9.UptotheendofWWII,therewere______wavesoflarge-scaleemigrationtotheUnitedStates.A.fourB.twoC.threeD.Noneoftheabove10.Between1845and1854,about1.5millionIrishmenemigratedtoUnitedStatesbecauseof__________.A.famineB.EnglishoppressionC.warD.BothAB11.Duringthethirdwaveofimmigrationfrom1890to1910,manycamefrom____.A.BritainandtheNetherlandsB.Austria-HungaryandRussiaC.JapanandChinaD.MexicoandCuba12.Accordingtohistoriansandspecialistsindemography,thereare_____greatpopulationmovement(s)inthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.A.fourB.threeC.fiveD.Noneoftheabove13.Inthelastgreatpopulationmovement,alargenumberofpeoplemovedto______.A.theNorthwestB.thesunbeltareasC.theSouthD.theSouthwest14.Between1960and1990,alargenumberofpeoplemovedfrom_____.A.corecitiestothesuburbsB.ruralareastocitiesC.smallcitiestolargecitiesD.Noneoftheabove15.ThecurrentsituationofAfrican-Americanspresents________.A.afavorablepictureB.anegativepictureC.amixedpictureD.anencouragingpicture16.Althoughlegal,officialdiscriminationhasbeenabolished_______.A.discriminationinemploymentstillexistsB.discriminationinuniversityadmissionstillexistsC.povertyrateoftheblacksisthehighestamongallracialandethnicgroupsD.inequalityandsubtlediscriminationstillexist17.TheCuban-Americanshavedoneverywell_________.A.inFloridaB.inbusinesswithCubaC.politically7D.economically18.ThemostimportantobstacletoHispanicsuccessinthelabormarketis______.A.thelanguageproblemB.theirloweducationC.theirloweducationD.discrimination19.SomepeopleAsian-AmericansowetheirsuccesstotheAsiantraditionof_______.A.educationB.familyandhardworkC.educationD.BandC20.OneofthesignsoftheawakeningoftheAmericanIndiansis________.A.thereappearanceofthepowwowB.thelegalstepstheyaretakingtorecoverlandandresourcesthathavebeengrabbedformthemillegallyC.theirrefusaltoliveonreservationsD.Noneoftheabove1.C2.A3.B4.A5.D6.C7.B8.D9.C10.D11.B12.A13.B14.A15.C16.D17.D18.B19.D20.BExercises15I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.TheresultoftheWarwithMexicoin1846was_______.A.AmericanannexationofCaliforniaandNewMexicoB.theindependenceofCaliforniaandNewMexicoC.apaymentof15millionU.S.dollarstoMexicofortheannexationofCaliforniaandNewMexicoD.apaymentof15millionU.S.dollarstoMexico2.DuringthedraftingoftheDeclarationofIndependenceandthedraftingoftheConstitution,theissueofNegroslaverywas_____.A.notraisedB.raisedbutvoteddownC.bitterlydebatedD.raisedbutbecauseofstrongsouthernoppositionitwasputasideforgreaterobjective3.Slavelaborwaswidespreadinthesouthbecause______.A.thecoldweatherinthenorthwasnotsuitableforNegroslavesB.NegroslavescouldnotcopewithmachinesinfactoriesinthenorthC.NegroSlaveswerebestsuitedforthekindofplantationeconomyinthesouthD.thenorthworldnotallowslaverytospreadintotheirstates4.Intheearly1850s,withthewestwardmovement,theslaveryissuebecameaseriouspoliticalissueendangeringtheunityofthecountrybecause_____.A.whetherthefuturestatesformedasaresultofthewestwardmovementshouldbefreeorslaveworldaffectthebalanceofpowerintheSenateB.thesouthinsistedthatslaveryshouldbeallowedtospreadintoallnewterritories.C.thenorthrefusedtoletslaveryspreadintonewterritories.D.thenorthwantedtoputandendtoslavery5.WhydidPresidentLincolnissuetheEmancipationProclamation?A.BecausePresidentLincolnhimselfwasanabolitionist.B.Becausehewantedtopunishtheslave-ownersinthosestateswhichbrokeawayformtheunion.C.Becausehehadnootheralternative.D.Becauseherealizedthatinordertowinthewar,heshouldmakeitajustwaragainstslaverysoastorallyasmanypeopleaspossibleunderthebanneroftheFederalgovernment.6.PresidentLincolnwasshotdeadfivedaysafter________.A.hemadeaspeechatGettysburg.B.generalLee,commandinggeneraloftheConfederatearmysurrenderedhistroops.C.theadoptionofthethirteenthAmendment.D.amilitaryvictoryoftheUnionforceatGettysburg.7.TherapiddevelopmentofAmericaneconomyaftertheCivilWarwasdueto______.A.thestablepoliticalenvironmentandavailabilityofcapitalB.largepoolorlaborforcebecauseoffreeslaves,immigrantsC.scientificinventionandgovernmentpolicyD.Alloftheabove8.Attheendofthe19thcentury.OneofthestrongtrendsinAmericaneconomywas______.A.theemergenceofbigtrustsB.thepredominanceofsmallfactoriesC.thefrequentinterventioninbusinessbythegovernmentD.theinfluenceofforeigncorporations9.TheplacethatChristopherColumbuslandedwas_______.A.IndiaB.islandinAsiaC.thecurrentterritoryoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaD.islandsinthenowWestIndies10.ThechiefreasonforearlysettlerstocometotheNewContinentwas___.A.toseekbetteropportunityB.toescapereligiouspersecutionC.tosatisfytheurgeforadventureD.AandB11.InAmericanhistory,thePilgrimfatherstothosewhocametoPlymouthonboardof__________.A.aFrenchshipB.aBritishshipC.MayflowerD.anItalianship12.OneofthefeaturesoftheearlycolonistswhichhasstronginfluenceontheformationofAmericancharacteris___________.A.religiousintoleranceB.respectforpersonalsuccessC.stressoncommunityharmonyD.Noneoftheabove13.WhatwerethecausesofWarofIndependence?A.Thedevelopmentofcolonialeconomyledtodemandformorepowertodeterminetheirownbusiness.B.thecruelexploitationofthecoloniesbytheBritishgovernment.C.Thesaleofinthecolonies.D.AandB.14.TheclashatConcordandLexingtonwas________.A.thebeginningoftheWarorindependence?B.thebeginningofthesecondContinentalConferenceC.aminorclashbetweentheBritishandthecolonistswithnosignificanceD.Noneoftheabove15.ThesignificanceoftheWarofIndependenceisthat_________.A.itpavedthewayforthedevelopmentofcapitalisminNorthAmericaB.itinitiatedaperiodofbourgeoisrevolutionagainstfeudalruleorcolonialruleC.BothAandBD.Noneoftheabove16.TheunusualfeatureoftheArticlesofConfederationwasthat______.A.itprovidedfornokingbutarepublicandwasawrittenconstitution.B.itdecidedthattheUnitedStatesofAmericawasarepublicwithcentralpowerinCongress,thatmostpowerslaidinhandsofthestatesanditwasawrittendocumentC.itwasthefirstwrittenconstitutionintheworldandtheemphasiswasonastrongcentralgovernmentD.thewrittenconstitutiondidnotprovideforanexecutivebranchwhichcouldfunctionasagovernment17.ThecontradictionthataroseattheConstitutionalConferenceof1787wascontradictionbetween________.A.bigstatesandsmallstates.B.industrial-commercialinterestsandlandedinterests.C.onehouseortwohousesforCongress.D.AandB18.TheBillofRightsAmendments________.A.dealtwithproceduralmattersB.includednotonlyproceduralguaranteesbutalsoguaranteesofbasicrightsfortheindividualC.wereadoptedmerelytosatisfythosewhoopposedtheConstitutionD.werereluctantlyacceptedbytheFederalists19.TheimpactoftheWarof1812onthedevelopmentoftheUnitedStateswas_______.A.therealizationoftheimportanceofastrongnationalgovernmentB.thereinvigorationofasenseofnationalunityC.removalofobstacletothewestwardmovementD.Alloftheabove20.TheimplicationsoftheManifestDestinyare______.A.thelegitimacyofAmericanterritorialexpansionandAmericanobligationoftheSpreadofAmericanvalueandinstitution.B.thelegitimacyofthewestwardmovementC.theAmericansweredoingtheLord"sworkinspreadingAmericandemocracytootherplacesD.Noneoftheabove1.C2.D3.C4.A5.D6.B7.D8.A9.D10.D11.C12.B13.D14.A15.C16.B17.D18.B19.D20.AExercises16I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.WhatwasthemaincauseoftheSecondWorldWar?A.Themaincausewasbigpowerstruggleforcontroloftheworld.B.Itwastheworldwideeconomiccrisis.C.ItwasthemilitaryexpansionofJapan,andGermany.D.BothBandC.2.TheconsequenceofthethreeneutralityactsoftheUnitedStateswas____.A.tomaketheUnitedStatesgaintimetoarmitselfB.toactuallyhelptheaggressorsbymakingclearthattheUnitedStateswouldnotinterveneC.togettheUnitedStatesinvolvedinthewarD.topreventtheUnitedStatesformbeingdraggedintothewar3.Americanwartimeobjectiveswere______.A.thetotaldefeatofAxispowersB.theestablishmentofapostwarworldorderunderAmericanleadershipC.coordinationofwareffortsoftheSovietUnion,BritainandtheUnitedStatesD.BothAandB4.Overlordisacodenamefor______.A.Americanlend-leaseassistancetotheSovietUnionB.thesummitconferenceatTeheranC.thealliedlandingatNormandy,Francein1944D.theNorthAfricancampaign5.OneoftheimportantdecisionsattheYaltaConferencewas______.A.thealliedlandingatNormandyB.thesetting-upofaworldorganization,theUnitedNations,tomanagepeaceandsecurityafterthewarC.coordinatedeffortsinwaragainstJapanD.Noneoftheabove6.ThemostimportantfeaturesinthegrowthofAmericaneconomyintheearly20thcenrutywere______.A.theuseofsteamandelectricityaschiefenergy,thedevelopmentoflarecorporationandthedevelopmentofrailwayB.thedevelopmentoflargecorporation,urbanizationandtheemploymentinproductionofnewtechnologyC.theappearanceofairplane,theuseofelectricityonalargescaleandurbanizationD.therapiddevelopmentofindustry,railwayandlargecities7.TheProgressiveMovementwas______.A.anorganizedcampaignwithdefinitegoalsB.amovementaimingatexposingthedarksidesofsocietyC.notanorganizedcampaignwitheffortstoimprovepeople"slivingstandardD.anumberofdiverseeffortsaimingatachievingpolitical,socialandeconomicreforms8.Inthepoliticalarea,theProgressiveMovementwantedto______.A.improvethelivingconditionsofurbanpoorB.reformthenationalgovernmentC.changeelectionsystemsincityandstategovernmentsandcheckcorruptionD.checkcorruptionincityandstategovernments9.TheProgressiveMovementwantedto______inordertostopbigbusinesscontrol.A.initiatestrictgovernmentregulationB.havethegovernmenttofixpricesC.breakupallthebigbusinessesD.doawaywithrebates10.OneofthecontributionofTheodoreRooseveltasPresidentwas______.A.thebanningofchildlaborB.thegivingofvotingrighttowomenC.inthefieldofnaturalconservationD.inurbanrenovation11.OneofthecontributionsofWoodrowWilsonwas______.A.naturalconservationB.theconstructionofirrigationprojectsC.thesetting-upoftheFederalReserveBoardandtwelveFederalReserveBanksD.theintroductionoftariffincreaseandalowincometax12.ThepolicytheUnitedStatesactuallypursuedinthefirsttwoyearsofWWIwas______.A.impartialneutralityB.partialneutralityC.firmsupportoftheAlliesD.Pro-Allypartialneutrality13.TheessenceoftheParisPeaceConferencewas.A.tobringpeacetoEuropeB.tocarveupthecoloniesofthedefeatedcountriesandtogetwarcompensationforthevictorsC.tosettlethecolonialproblemoftheOttomanEmpireD.toputtheFourteenPointsintoPractice14.typicallyrepresentedtheworldpatternbetweenthetwoworldwars_____.A.TheVersaillesTreatySystemB.TheVersaillesTreatySystemandtheWashingtonTreatySystemC.ThecollapseoftheGerman,Austro-HungaryandtheOttomancolonialsystemsD.BothBandC15.SaccoandVanzettiweresentencedtodeathandexecutedbecause______.A.oftheirradicalpoliticalviewsB.theywereguiltyofkillingtwopeopleC.theyweremembersofKKKD.theystole$16,00016.OneoftheseriousweaknessesinAmericaneconomyinthe1920swas_____.A.uncontrolledspeculationinthestockmarketB.tariffprotectionC.hugeprofitsofbigbusinessesD.toomuchcontroloverthebankingsystem17.Theseriouseconomiccrisisinthelate1920sand1930sfirstbroughtaboutby______.A.bankfailuresB.seriousunemploymentC.farmforeclosuresD.thestockmarketcrash18.TheHooverAdministration______todealwiththeeconomiccrisis.A.tookeffectivemeasuresB.didnottakeanymeasureC.askedtheprivatesectorD.refusedtotakestronggovernmentaction19.MostofthemeasuresF.D.RoosevelttookinthefirsthundreddayshewasintheWhiteHousewereto______.A.stopbankfailuresB.preventradicalactionsintheUnitedStatesC.preventthefurtherworseningoftheeconomicsituationandlessenthepersonalsufferingsofthepeopleD.preventfurtherworseningoftheunstablepoliticalsituation20.ThepurposeoftheNewDealmeasureswasto______.A.saveAmericandemocracyandthecapitalistsystemB.checktheworseningoftheeconomicsituationC.helppeopletieoverthedifficultyD.increaseAmericanexport1.A2.B3.D4.C5.B6.B7.D8.C9.A10.C11.C12.D13.B14.B15.A16.A17.D18.D19.C20.AExercises17I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.ConflictsarosebetweentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionbecause___.A.theircommonenemiesNaziGermanyandJapanweredefeatedB.TheyhadverydifferentconceptsofpostwarworldorderC.theUnitedStateswantedcooperationwiththeSovietUnionbuttheSovietUnionrefused.D.thesovietUnionwantedcooperationwiththeUnitedStatesbuttheUntiedStatesrefused2.Theideaofcontainmentwasfirstbroughtupby______.A.HarryTrumanB.FranklinD.RooseveltC.MarshallD.GeorgeKennan3.TheessenceoftheTrumanDoctrinewas______.A.toprovideeconomicandmilitarysupportforanycountrywhichwasfightinginternalCommunistrebelsorexternalCommunistpressureB.toprovideaidforGreeceandTurkeywhichwerefightingagainstCommunismC.toprovideeconomicaidtoneedycountriesD.togivemoralsupporttothestruggleoffreepeople4.AsaresultofAmericaneconomicaidundertheMarshallPlan,WesternEurope_____.A.managedtotieoverthedifficultyearsinthelate1940sB.succeededinsolvingthefoodproblemC.recoveredfromwardestructionanditseconomybegantodevelopD.becameprosperous5.Itwas_____whichstartedtheBerlinblockade.A.theSovietUnionB.theUnitedStatesC.BritainD.France6.WhydidtheUnitedStatesdecidetogoaheadandsetupaseparateGermanstate?A.BecausetheUnitedStateswantedtorearmtheGermans.B.BecauseonlyinthiswaycouldGermaneconomybereinvigorated.C.BecausetheUnitedStatesrealizeditwasimpossibletohaveaunifiedGermanyunderAmericaninfluence.D.BecausetheSovietUnionfirstsetupaseparateGermanstateinitsoccupiedzone.7.ThepurposeofMarshall"smediationinChinain1945and1946was______.A.tosupporttheKuomintanginstartingacivilwarB.topressuretheKuomintangintoformingacoalitiongovernmentwiththeCommunistPartyasanequalpartner.C.tobringthetwosidestogetherfornegotiationsD.tobringtheCommunistPartyintoacoalitiongovernmentdominatedbyKuomintangandputCommunistledtroopsunderthecommandofthecoalitiongovernment8.TheChinesegovernmentchangeditstimetableofliberationofTaiwanin1950because______.A.theKoreanWarbrokeoutB.theUnitedStatessentthe7thFleetintotheTaiwanStraits.C.theSovietUniondidnotsupportChina"sliberationofTaiwanthenD.theUnitedStatesarmywasapproachingtheYaluRiver9.TheChineseVolunteerscrossedtheYaluRiverandfoughtsidebysidewiththeNorthKoreansuntilanarmisticewassignedin______.A.July1952.B.July1953.C.July1954.D.June1953.10.PresidentTrumanonMarch21,1947issuedanexecutiveorder,initiatingacomprehensiveinvestigationoftheloyaltyofallfederalemployees.Thiswasthebeginningof______.A.McCarthyismB.ClearingoutSovietspiesC.widespreadpersecutionofCommunistsandprogressivepeopleD.persecutionoffederalemployees11.ThetrialofAlgerHissproved______.A.thathewasaSovietspyB.thathedidnottellthetruthincourtC.thatheprovidedSovietagentwithsecretinformationonatomicweaponD.Noneoftheabove12.TheSupremeCourtplayedaroleinwhippinguptheanticommunisthysteriaby______.A.upholdingtheconstitutionalityoftheSmithActB.convicting11high-rankingCommunistleadersC.supportingthetrialofAlgerHissD.supportingPresidentTruman"sexecutiveorder13.WhatdidtheLittleRockIncidentreferto?A.ItreferredtoaviolentoutburstofathousandwhiteinClinton,Tennesseeagainstschooldesegregation.B.ItreferredtoanincidentinAlabamainoppositiontoSupremeCourtdecisiononschooldesegregation.C.ItreferredtoArkansasgovernor"suseofstateNationalGuardtopreventAfrican-AmericanstudentsfromgoingtoanallwhiteschoolinLittleRockandFederalgovernmentinterventiontocarryoutcourtdecision.D.ItreferredtoArkansasgovernor"suseofstateNationalGuardtopreventAfrican-AmericanstudentsfromgoingtoanallwhiteschoolinLittleRock.14.Thepillarindustriesforthepostwareconomicboomwere______.A.information,spaceandbiotechnologyB.textile,automobileandconstructionC.defense,informationandhousingD.automobile,housinganddefense15.DuringtheCubanMissileCrisis,therewas______anuclearwar.A.littledangerofB.gravedangerofC.realintentionforD.earnestpreparationfor16.When______,thiswasthebeginningofAmericaninvolvementinVietnam.A.theUnitedStatesdecidedtoprovideFrancewithmilitaryaidintheirfightinVietnamB.theUnitedStatesstartedtoprovideaidfortheSouthVietnamesegovernmentaftertheGenevaConferencein1854C.theUnitedStatessentmoreandmoremilitaryadviserstoSouthVietnamD.theUnitedStatesbegantoAmericanizethewarinVietnam17.TheParisAgreementwassignedbytheU.S.andNorthVietnaminJan.1973andthefallofSaigonwasin______.A.April,1973B.April,1975C.Jan,1975D.Noneoftheabove18.TheconditionsthePeople"sRepublicofChinasetfortheestablishmentofdiplomaticrelationswiththeUnitedStateswere______.A.thewithdrawalofthe7thFleetfromthestraitsandtheendofdiplomaticrelationswithTaiwanB.thecancellationofthemutualdefensetreatyandtheendofdiplomaticrelationswithTaiwan.C.thestopof7thFleetpatrolinTaiwanstraits,thecancellationofthemutualdefensetreatyandtheendofdiplomaticrelationswithTaiwanD.thewithdrawalofallmilitaryforcesfromTaiwan,thecancellationofthemutualdefensetreatyandtheendofdiplomaticrelationswithTaiwan19.NewFrontierandWaronPovertywereprogramsinitiatedby______.A.PresidentKennedyB.PresidentJohnsonC.PresidentsKennedyandJohnsonrespectivelyD.PresidentsJohnsonandKennedyrespectively20.TheWatergateScandalrefersto______.A.thebreak-inattheWatergateapartment-officecomplexinWashington,D.C.B.thebreak-inandNixon"ssecrettapingC.thebreak-in,thecoverupandNixon"sinvolvementinthecoverupD.Nixon"sresignationI.B2.D3.A4.C5.A6.C7.D8.B9.B10.C11.D12.A13.C14.D15.B16.A17.B18.D19.C20.CExercises18I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.TheUnitedStatesranks______intheworldinthetotalvalueofitseconomicproduction.A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth2.ThefollowingarethefactorsthathavecontributedtothedevelopmentoftheU.S.economyexcept______.A.thevastspaceandresourcesofthelandB.theidealsoffreedomandeconomicopportunityC.EnglishasitsnationallanguageD.hardworkbythepeople3.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueoftheU.S.economy?A.Itisbasedlargelyonafreeenterprisesystem.B.ThereislittlegovernmentinvolvementintheeconomyC.Itisoneoftheleastregulatedeconomiesintheworld.D.Manyofthenation"sbasicindustriesarerepresentedbyonlyafewmajorcorporations.4.TheUnitedStateshasvastexpansesoffertilesoilthatiswellsuitedto______.A.raisingcattleB.growingcropsC.developinghighwaysD.diggingwells5.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofwaterresourcesintheUnitedStates?A.Waterhascontributedtothewelfareofthecountry.B.Lakes,rivers,andundergrounddepositssupplywaterforhouseholds,farms,andindustries.C.Thenationusesabout400billiongallonsofwaterdaily.D.Householdsusemorethanhalfofthistotal.6.Forestscovernearly______oftheUnitedStates,andtheyyieldmanyvaluableproducts.A.afourthB.athirdC.halfD.twothirds7.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofmineralresourcesintheUnitedStates?A.TheUnitedStateshaslargedepositsofcoal,ironore,naturalgas,andpetroleum.B.TheUnitedStatesdoesnothavetoimportanymineralsfromothercountries.C.MineralresourcesoftheUnitedStatesarewelldeveloped.D.MajormineralresourcesthatarescarceintheUnitedStatesaretin,manganese,andnickel.8.Whatistheleadingcorn-producingstateintheUnitedStates?A.Nebraska.B.Minnesota.C.Iowa.D.Indiana.9.WhatisAmerica"smostimportantfoodcrop?A.Wheat.B.Rice.C.Barley.D.Oat.10.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofU.S.agriculture?A.Itisthemostefficientintheworld.B.Aboutathirdoftheworld"sfoodexportscomefromU.S.farms.C.TheuseofmodernfarmmachineryandagriculturalmethodshashelpedmakeU.S.farmsthemostefficientintheworld.D.ThenumberoffarmsintheUnitedStateshasincreasedsince1925.11.ThechiefmineralproductsoftheUnitedStatesareinorderofvalue,_____.A.petroleum,naturalgas,andcoalB.naturalgas,petroleum,andcoalC.coal,petroleum,andnaturalgas.D.coal,naturalgas,andpetroleum12.Whichstateranksfirstamongthestatesinthevalueofitsmanufacturedgoods.A.NewYork.B.Ohio.C.Texas.D.California.13.WhichoffollowingisnottrueofU.S.manufacturing?A.ThevalueofAmericanmanufacturedgoodsisgreaterthanthatofanyothercountry.B.Manufacturingaccountsfor18%oftheU.S.grossdomesticproduct.C.Sincethemid-1900"s,thecountry"sfastest-growingmanufacturingareashavebeenintheMidwestandNortheast.D.SincetheMid-1900"s,U.S.industrieshaveturnedincreasinglytoautomation.14.Serviceindustriesaccountforabout______oftheU.S.grossdomesticproduct.A.athirdB.halfC.twothirdsD.threefourths15.Whichofthefollowingdosenotbelongtoserviceindustries?A.CanadaandJapanarethecountry"schieftradingpartners.B.TheU.S.shareofwouldtradehasincreasedinrecentyears.C.Sincethemid-1960"s,thevalueofimportshasusuallybeenmuchhigherthanthevalueofexports.D.Traditionally,thevalueofU.S.exportshasexceeded,orbeenaboutthesameasthevalueofU.S.imports.16.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofU.S.foreigntrade?A.CanadaandJapanarethecountry"schieftradingpartners.B.TheU.S.shareofworldtradehasincreasedinrecentyears.C.Sincethemid-1960s,thevalueofimportshasusuallybeenmuchhigherthanthevalueofexports.D.Traditionally,thevalueofU.S.exportshasexceeded,orbeenaboutthesameas,thevalueofU.S.imports.17.WhataretheleadingU.S.exports?A.Mineralfuels.B.Ironandsteel.C.Paperandnewsprint.D.Machineryandtransportationequipment.18.WhataretheleadingU.S.imports?A.Machineryandtransportationequipment.B.Scientificmeasuringequipment.C.Textilefibers.D.Alloftheabove.19.WhataretheproblemstheU.S.economyhasfacedfrotimetotime?A.Recessions.B.Depressions.C.Inflation.D.Alloftheabove.20.WhatpercentageofthepopulationisclassifiedbytheU.S.governmentaspoor?A.5%B.10%C.15%D.20%.1.A2.B3.B4.B5.D6.B7.B8.C9.A10.D11.A12.D13.C14.D15.D16.B17.D18.A19.D20.CExercises19I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.Thefederaljudicialsystemconsistsof______.A.onesupremecourt,11courtsofappealsand91districtcourtsB.onesupremecourt,11courtsofappeals,89districtcourts,3courtsofspecialjurisdictionC.onesupremecourt,11courtsofappeals,91districtcourts,3courtsofspecialjurisdictionD.onesupremecourt,11courtsofappeals,91districtcourts,2courtsfortheDistrictofColumbiaandtheCommonwealthofPuertoRico2.TheSupremeCourthasoriginaljurisdictionin______.A.allkindsofcasesB.twokindsofcasesC.casesinvolvingforeigncitizensD.casesinvolvingastate3.TheChiefJusticeoftheSupremeCourt_____.A.hasmuchgreaterpowerthanotherjusticesoftheSupremeCourtB.hasnogreatervotingpowerthanotherjusticesoftheSupremeCourtC.hasgreatersayindecidingacaseD.hasgreatervotingpowerthanotherjusticesoftheSupremeCourt4.PoliticalpartiesarethebasisoftheAmericanpoliticalsystem______.A.butthereisnoprovisionintheConstitutionforpoliticalpartiesB.andtheConstitutionhasclearprovisionC.butthefoundingfathershadstrongapprehensionofpoliticalpartiesD.BothAandC5.Therehavebeen______periodsinthedevelopmentofAmericanpoliticalpartiesintheUnitedStates.A.fourB.threeC.fiveD.two6.Thefirstperiodifthepartysystemreferstotheappearanceof______.A.theFederalistsB.theAnti-FederalistsC.theFederalistsandtheAnti-FederalistsD.theDemocratic-RepublicansandtheAnti-Federalists7.TheFederalistsadvocated______.A.astrongfederalgovernmentsB.strongstategovernmentC.theadoptionofBillofRightsD.limitsonthefederalgovernment8.TheDemocraticPartyledbyAndrewJacksonrepresentedtheinterestsof______.A.northernindustrialistsB.southernslaveownersC.frontiersmenD.BothBandC9.AbrahamLincolnwaselectedPresidentascandidateof_____.A.theDemocraticPartyB.theRepublicanPartyC.theWhigPartyD.Noneoftheabove10.Fromthe1860stothe1920s,theRepublicanPartydominatedthepoliticalsceneandfromthe1930stothe1970s,______wasinpowermostofthetime.A.theDemocraticPartyB.theRepublicanPartyC.nopartyD.Noneoftheabove11.Thetwomajorpartiestodayhave______differenceinpolicyorientation.A.noB.littleC.someD.great12.Intermsoforganization,thetwomajorparties______.A.havetightorganizationalstructureB.havestrongleadershipatthenationallevelC.arewellorganizedatthegrassrootslevelD.aremerelypoliticalforcescomingtogetherinalooseway13.Inthepastfewdecades,theinfluenceofpoliticalpartieshasbeendeclining______.A.sothepoliticalpartiesarenolongerimportantB.soanindependentpresidentialcandidatecanwinanationalelectionC.butwithoutthebackingofapoliticalparty,apresidentialcandidatestillcannotwinD.sothepresidentialelectionhasbecomemoreunpredictable14.In1992______ranforthePresidentasanindependentcandidate.A.BillClintonB.RossPerotC.BobDoleD.GeorgeBush15.WhenthedelegatesmetatPhiladelphiain1787,theirtaskwas______.A.towriteanewconstitutionB.toseewhattheycandoabouttheArticlesofConfederationC.todesignanewformofgovernmentD.torevisetheArticlesofConfederation16.ThewritersoftheConstitutionworkedouttheConstitutionworkedoutthechecksandbalancesinorderto______.A.preventthegovernmentfrommisusingitspowerB.preventthegovernmentfrombeingstrongC.pacifythosewhoopposedtheConstitutionD.meetthedemandsofsmallstates.17.ThePresidentoftheUnitedStatesiselected______.A.indirectlybytheelectorsB.byCongressC.directlybythevotersD.Noneoftheabove18.Apresidentcanserve______term(s).A.onlyoneB.twoC.morethantwoD.asmanyasfour19.Today,therearealtogether______departmentsoftheU.S.government.A.13B.11C.17D.1520.TheHouseSpeakerandthetemporaryPresidentoftheSenateareusually______.A.electedbythemajoritypartyB.chosenfromthemajorityandminoritypartiesC.membersofthemajoritypartyD.chosenfreelyfromtheCongressmenandSenators1.C2.B3.B4.D5.A6.C7.A8.D9.B10.A11.C12.D13.C14.B15.D16.A17.D18.B19.A20.CExercises20I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.publicandprivatecollegesanduniversitiesandcommunitycollegesoffer______.A.continuingeducationprogramsofassociatedegreesB.graduatestudiesprofessionaltrainingC.professionaltrainingD.Alloftheabove2.Thereis______agelimitforadulteducation.A.noB.someC.definiteD.Noneoftheabove3.The1983reportANationAtRiskcitedasexampleofthedeclineofeducationalstandards______.A.highratesofadultilliteracyB.decliningSATscoresC.lowscoresofAmericanstudentsinkeysubjectsascomparedwithscoresofstudentsofothercountriesD.Alloftheabove4.Thereportlistedasnewbasics______.A.English,mathematics,computer,socialstudiesB.science,mathematics,socialstudies,foreignlanguageC.English,science,socialstudies,mathematics,computerD.English,science,computer,socialstudies5.Thetwofocusesoftheeducationreformsinthemid-1980swere:______.A.theraisingofthestandardsofteachingandthereformincurriculumB.theraisingofthestandardsofteachingandlearningandtherestructuringoftheschoolsC.theraisingofthestandardsofteachingandtheimprovementofthestandardsoflearningD.Noneoftheabove6.OneofthesixgoalssetbyPresidentBushinhisAmerica2000Planis______.A.eliminationofdrugsandviolencefromschoolB.theincreaseofhigh-schoolgraduationrateto86%C.competenceinforginglanguage,mathematics,science,historyandgeographyD.theincreaseofadultliteracyrate7.Since1991,thegoalssetintheplan______.A.havebeenlargelyachievedB.havelargelynotbeenachievedC.havebeenachievedinsomesignificantareasD.havenotbeenachievedatall8.TomanyAmericans,educationisimportantbecause______.A.itcontributestothesuccessofindividualsB.itcontributestothestrengtheningofnationalstrengthC.itpreparestheyoungpeopleforfuturedevelopmentD.BothAandB9.Elementaryandsecondaryeducationis______.A.freeB.compulsoryC.freeandattendanceisrequiredbylawD.BothBandC10.Americanschoolsaredividedinto______.A.publicschoolsandprivateonesB.Publicschools,privateschoolsandcommunityschoolsC.coeducationschoolsandsinglesexschools.D.nationalschoolsandstate-runschools11.IntheUnitedStates,educationalpoliciesaredeterminedby______.A.thefederalgovernmentB.femaleonlyinstitutionsC.singlesexinstitutionsD.coeducationinstitutions12.IntheUnitedStates,educationalpoliciesaredeterminedby______.A.thefederalgovernmentB.thestateandboardoftrusteesinsomestatesC.localschooldistrictD.boardoftrustees13.Thegoverningboardofschooldistrictisresponsiblefor______.A.thehiringofteachersandstaffB.thedesigningofasuitablecurriculumC.thecompilingandapprovingofbudgetD.Alloftheabove14.Highschoolsaremadeupof______differenttypesofschoolswithsomewhatdifferenttasks.A.fourB.threeC.fiveD.Noneoftheabove15.HighereducationintheUnitedStatesconsistsof______typesofinstitutions.A.fourB.fiveC.sixD.seven16.Theuniversitiesthatofferdoctoraldegreesare______.A.researchuniversitiesB.doctoraluniversitiesC.AandBandsomespecializedinstitutionsD.BothAandB17.Boardoftrusteesiscomposedchieflyoflaymenbecause______.A.theyaremorelikelytorepresentpublicinterestsB.theyhavemorecommonsenseandlessprofessionalbiasC.theirinterestsareaffectedbyboarddecisionsD.Noneoftheabove18.Thereis______differencebetweentuitionratesinpublicandprivateinstitutionsofhigherlearning.A.noB.significantC.someD.Noneoftheabove19.Infaceoftherisingcostforhighereducation,fieldsofgraduatestudythatarefavoredbystudentsarethosethat______.A.offergreaterprofessionalsatisfactionB.makegraduatesmoreeasilyemployedC.offereasyenrollmentD.offermorerewardingjobsintermsofpayment20.Communitycollege______.A.offersbachelordegreesB.offersassociatedegrees.C.isatwo-yearcollegeD.BothBandC1.D2.A3.D4.C5.AB6.A7.B8.D9.C10.A11.C12.B13.D14.B15.C16.C17.A18.B19.D20.DExercises21I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.PoorRichard"sAlmanaccontained________.A.manyproverbsB.Franklin"sautobiographyC.voyagestothenewlandD.climatesandcrops2.Intheearly19thcentury,NewYorkCitywas________.A.thecapitaloftheUnitedStatesB.thecenterofHarlemRenaissanceC.thecenterofknickerbockersD.Noneoftheabove3.WashingtonIrving"smostfamousbookTheSketchbookcontains_______.A.TheLegendofSleepyHollowB.RipVanWinkleC.AHistoryofNewYorkD.BothAandB4.WashingtonIrvingfillsthestorieswiththelocalcolorof______.A.NewYorkCityB.HudsonRivervalleynearNewYorkC.NewYorkstateD.NewEngland5.WhenRipVanWinklewokeupandwentbacktohisvillage,hefoundhehadsleptinthehillfor_______.A.10yearsB.20yearsC.50yearsD.Noneoftheabove6.Emerson_______Transcendentalist.A.calledhimselfB.didnotlikethetermC.nevercalledhimselfD.createdtheterm7.InthebookNature,Emersonstatedthat________.A.man"srelationshipwithnaturetranscendstheideaofusefulnessB.natureisusefultomanC.natureisindependentofmanandhasnothingtodowithmanD.naturecanonlybeusedbyman8.NathanielHawthornewasoneofthosewho______transcendentalism.A.supportedB.wasindifferenttoC.attackedD.hadnothingtodowith9.ThebookTheScarletLetterendswithDimmesdale_______.A.runningawaywithHesterB.killinghimselfoutofguiltC.overcominghissenseofguiltD.makingapublicconfessionandfallingdeadinthearmsofHester10.ThelocalityinMarkTwain"sworkswasusuallysomewherealong_______.A.theHudsonRiverB.theMississippiRiverC.theMissouriRiverD.thetranscontinentalrailway11.InLeavesofGrassWaltWhitmansangpraiseof_______.A.equalityB.equality,democracyandthecommonpeopleC.democracyD.democracyandthecommonpeople12.MostofthepoemswrittenbyEmilyDickinsonwere_______.A.lostB.publishedduringherlifetimeC.buriedwithherD.publishedafterherdeath13.ThetwogreatthemesofDickinson"spoetrywere_______.A.deathandsearchforfaithB.thegraveandthesoulC.thegraveandfaithD.deathandthesoul14.ThenovelSisterCarriedescribes________.A.thedeathofHurstwoodB.thedegenerationofCarrieMeeberC.howCarrieclimbedupthesocialladderD.Carrie"sloveaffairwithDrouet15.T.S.Eliot"sTheWasteLandisimportantbecauseit______.A.dealswiththeculturalgloriesofthepastB.praisesthelostgenerationC.ishighlytraditionalD.revealsthespiritualcrisisofpost-WWIEuropeanditisoriginalinform16.TheLostGenerationreferstothosewho_______.A.havenoambitioninlifeB.arephysicallyandspirituallyimpotentC.arehomelessD.areexpatriates17.IntheOldManandtheSea,Hemingwaypraisestheoldfisherman"s______.A.couragetofacetherisksofthehighseasB.couragetofightthesharksC.couragetoacceptdefeatofnotcatchinganythingfor84daysD.attitudetowardsdefeatandfailure18.LangstonHugheswasnotedforhis_______.A.truedescriptionofurbanBlacksinpoetryB.unconventionalportrayalofHarlemC.singingofblackAmericaD.Noneoftheabove19.IntheNativeSon,RichardWrightmakesreadersseethat_____.A.theBlacksarealienatedB.thesocialsituationofBiggerThomas"tragedyC.theBlacksarebitterD.thelifeoftheBlacksismiserable20.Popularmusicisdifferentfromclassicalmusicandfolkmusicinthat_______.A.itisverynoisyB.itisanonymousC.itiswrittenasacommercialproductformassdistributionD.itisanindividualartisticcreation1.A2.C3.D4.B5.B6.C7.A8.C9.D10.B11.B12.D13.A14.C15.D16.B17.D18.A19.B20CExercises22I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.Canadaislocatedin________.A.theSouthernHemisphereB.TheNorthernHemisphereC.theWesternHemisphereD.TheEasternHemisphere2.Canadaisboundedontheeastby________.A.thePacificOceanB.theAtlanticOceanC.theIndianOceanD.theArcticOcean3.Nearly________ofthelandinCanadahasnopermanentpopulation.A.halfB.two-thirdsC.89%D.95%4.Canada"slargestcityis_________.A.MontrealB.TorontoC.OttawaD.Vancouver5.ThelongestriverinCanadais_________.A.theMackenzieB.theSt.LawrenceC.theSevernD.theYukon6.TheSt.Lawrenceand________togetherformanimportanttransportationnetworkforeasternCanada.A.theMackenzieB.theGreatLakesC.theYukonD.theHudsonBay7.TheInteriorPlainsliebetween________and_______.A.theCanadianShield/theAppalachianRegionB.theCanadianShield/theRockyMountainsC.theGreatLakes/theArcticIslandsD.theAppalachianRegion/theGreatLakes8.ThenameCanadaisthoughttobederivedfromkanata,anIndianwordmeaning_______.A.aguitarB.ameetingplaceC.asettlementD.apieceofland9.WhowasthefirstEuropeantodiscoverCanada?A.JohnCabot.B.JacquesCartier.C.SamueldeChamplainD.HenryHudson.10.WhofoundedthefirstpermanentsettlementsatQuebecandMontrealontheSt.LawrenceRiver?A.JohnCabot.B.JacquesCartier.C.SamueldeChamplainD.HenryHudson.11.WhyweretheFrenchtroopsinCanadadefeatedbytheBritishduringtheSevenYears"War?A.BecausetheywerenotusedtotheweatherinCanada.B.Becausetheydidnotgetsupportfromthelocalpeople.C.Becausetheydidnotreceivethesuppliestheyneededsobadly.D.BecausetheBritishhadlargerandbettersettlementsinCanada.12.Under______,theFrenchCanadianfarmingeconomyoftheSt.Lawrencevalleyanditslanguage,religion,andcustomscontinuedunchanged.A.theQuebecActof1774B.theTreatyofParisin1763C.theConstitutionalActof1791D.theActofUnionin184013.WhenwasCanadadividedintoUpperCanada(English-speaking)andLowerCanada(French-speaking)?A.In1763B.In1774C.In1791D.In184014.WhenwasCanadagiveninternalself-government?A.In1791B.In1840C.In1848D.In186715.Under________,theprovincesofCanada,NewBrunswick,andNovaScotiawereunitedtoformtheDo-minionofCanada.A.theActofUnionin1840B.theBritishNorthAmericaActof1867C.theQuebecActof1774D.theConstitutionalActof179116.WhowasthefirstprimeministerofthenewCanada?A.SirJohnMacdonald.B.SirWilfridLaurier.C.RobertBorden.D.MackenzieKing.17.In1896_______tookoverandthecountrywasruledunderSirWilfridLaurier.A.theConservativePartyB.theLiberalPartyC.theLaborPartyD.theNewDemocraticParty18.In1905twomoreprovinceswerecreated.Theywere_______.A.OntarioandQuebecB.ManitobaandBritishColumbiaC.AlbertaandSaskatchewanD.NewfoundlandandPrinceEdwardIsland19.In1931by_______CanadawasformallydeclaredtobeasovereignnationandbecameamemberoftheCommon-wealthofNations.A.thePeaceTreatyof1919B.theStatuteofWestminsterC.theMeekLakeAccordD.theconstitutionActof198220.In1949_______becameCanada"stenthprovince.A.NewfoundlandB.PrinceEdwardIslandC.LabradorD.BritishColumbia1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A6.B7.B8.C9.A10.C11.C12.A13.C14.C15.B16.A17.B18.C19.B20.A下面到了爱、加、澳、新等小国的了Exercises11I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.IrelandiscalledtheEmeraldIslebecauseof______.A.itsshapeB.itsconnectionwithBritainC.itsabundantnaturalresourcesD.itsrichgreencountryside2.Irelandisdividedintotwopoliticalparts:______.A.NorthernIrelandandSouthernIrelandB.SouthernIrelandandtheRepublicofIrelandC.TheRepublicofIrelandandNorthernIrelandD.NorthernIrelandandBritain3.ThelargestriverinIrelandis______.A.theLiffeyRiverB.theDodderRiverC.theShannonRiverD.theLoughDerg4.ThemostsignificantfeatureofIrishlandscapeis______,whichprovidepeatusedforfuel.A.bogsB.streamsC.islandsD.cliffs5.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueofIreland"sclimate?A.Itisdry.B.Itismoist.C.Itismild.D.Itischangeable.6.Irelandhasthefollowingdemographicfeaturesexcept______.A.ithasalowbirthrateB.ithasalatemarriageageC.ithasanexcessoffemalesinthepopulationD.ithasahighproportionofbachelorsandspinstersofallages7.IrelandisuniqueamongEuropeancountriesfor______.A.itssmallpopulationB.itsbeautifulsceneryC.itsrichnaturalresourcesD.itscentury-longpopulationdecline8.Thepopulationdecreasedfromthe1840suntilabout1970,largelybecauseof______.A.alowbirthrateB.ahighdeathrateC.alowemploymentrateD.ahighemigrationrate9.ThepopulationofIrelandispredominantlyof______origin.A.EnglishB.CelticC.NormanD.French10.InIrelandtodayabout______ofthepopulationareRomanCatholics.A.75%B.80%C.90%D.93%11.WhendidtheAnglo-SaxonsinvadeIreland?A.In432.B.In1170.C.In1610.D.In1641.12.WhowasthefirstEnglishkingtobringallIrelandunderEnglishcontrol?A.HenryII.B.HenryIII.C.HenryVIII.D.JamesII.13.Irishnationalismclimaxedin______.inwhichanIrishRepublicwasproclaimed.A.themassacreofDroghedaB.theEasterUprisingof1916C.thebattleoftheBorne(1690)D.theChartistMovement14.ThecreationofNorthernIrelanddatesfrom______.whentheIrishFreeStatewassetup.A.1916B.1921C.1937D.194915.OnEasterMonday,April18,1949,EirebecametheRepublicofIreland,formallyfreeofallegiancetotheBritishcrownandnolongeramemberof______.A.theCommonwealthofNationsB.theUnitedNationsC.theNATOD.theEC16.SinceindependencetheIrishRepublichasadheredto______.A.apolicyofprotectionismB.apolicyofcontainmentC.apolicyofmilitaryallianceD.apolicyofneutralityandnonalignment17.WhendidtheRepublicofIrelandjointheEC?A.In1952.B.In1955.C.In1973.D.In1975.18.WhenAlbertReynoldsbecamePrimeMinisterin1992,bothIrelandandBritainagreedtoholdregularmeetings.A.todealwiththeIRAB.tomakepreparationsforaunitedIrelandC.toseekanendtotheviolenceinNorthernIrelandD.toimproverelationswitheachother19.AsaresultofpeacetalksbetweenIrelandandBritainapeaceagreementonNorthernIrelandwassignedin______.A.April1997B.May1997C.April1998D.May199820.ThepeaceagreementonNorthernIrelandwasapprovedbyvotersacrossallofIrelandinareferendumheldin______.A.April1997B.May1997C.April1998D.May19981.D2.C3.C4.A5.A6.C7.D8.D9.B10.D11.B12.C13.B14.B15.A16.D17.C18.C19.C20.DExercises12I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.The1937ConstitutionabolishedtheIrishFreeStateandestablishedEireas______.A.aconstitutionalmonarchyB.aparliamentaryrepublicC.afederalrepublicD.asocialistcountry2.InIrelandaprimeministerisappointedbyafternominationby______.A.theQueen/thepresidentB.thepresident/theQueenC.theQueen/theHouseofRepresentativesD.thepresident/theHouseofRepresentatives3.WhoistheheadofstateinIrelandtoday?A.TheQueen.B.Theprimeminister.C.Thepresident.D.TheDai.4.InIrelandtheHouseofRepresentativesisdirectlyelectedandnowhas______members.A.60B.120C.166D.1865.InIreland______isthecourtoffinalappealandplaysakeyroleintheinterpretationoftheConstitution.A.theSupremeCourtB.theHighCourtC.theHighestCourtD.theCentralCourt6.Irelandhasabipolarpoliticalpartysystemwithtwomajorparties:____.A.SinnFeinandFiannaFailB.FiannaFailandFineGaelC.SinnFeinandFineGaelD.IRAandSinnFein7.______istheoldestofallthepartiesisIreland.A.TheIrishLabourPartyB.TheProgressiveDemocratsC.FiannaFailD.FineGael8.______isthelargestoftheminorpartiesinIrelandafterthe1987election.A.TheIrishLabourPartyB.TheProgressiveDemocratsC.TheWorkers"PartyD.TheDemocraticSocialists9.TheeconomyofIrelandhasbeentraditionallyagricultural,butsince______thecountry"sindustrialbasehasexpanded.A.themid-1950sB.themid-1960sC.the1970sD.the1980s10.InIrelandtheagriculturalenterpriseproducingthemostincomeis____.A.forestryB.vegetablegrowingC.sugarrefiningD.animalhusbandry11.Sinethe1960s,______hasbecomethemainstayoftheIrisheconomy.A.manufacturingB.miningC.energyD.animalhusbandry12.Industrialoutputhasgrownbyanaverageof______annuallysincetariffbarrierswereeliminatedin1977.A.3%B.5%C.8%D.10%13.Irelandisoneoftheleadingexportersof______inEurope.A.coalandironoreB.silverandgoldC.copperandaluminumD.leadandzinc14.TheoldestuniversityinIrelandis______.A.theNationalUniversityB.DublinCityUniversityC.theUniversityofDublinD.SaintPatrick"sCollege15.ThefollowingarethemajornewspapersinIrelandexcept______.A.theIrishIndependentB.theIrishTimesC.theIrishPressD.theSum16.WhichofthefollowingisthemostinfluentialofallIrishnewspapers?A.TheIrishIndependent.B.TheIrishTimes.C.TheIrishPress.D.TheSun.17.IrelandgavetheworldsomeofthegreatestwritersintheEnglishlanguage,includingJonathanSwift,OliverGoldsmith,and______.A.WilliamShakespeareB.CharlesDickensC.OscarWildeD.BernardShaw18.Amongthefollowingwriters,whoisthemostwell-knowIrishwriterofthemodernperiod?A.GeorgeBernardShaw.B.VirginiaWoolf.C.JamesJoyce.D.StephenLeacock.19.TheauthorofUlyssesis______.A.GeorgeBernardShawB.VirginiaWoolfC.JamesJoyceD.StephenLeacock20.In______thewriterintroducedthestream-of-consciousnesstechniqueasaremarkablemeansofcharacterportrayal.A.UlyssesB.ExilesC.DublinersD.APortraitoftheArtistAsAYoungMan1.B2.D3.C4.C5.A6.B7.A8.B9.A10.D11.A12.B13.D14.C15.D16.B17.D18.C19.C20.D加拿大Exercises23I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.Canadaislocatedin________.A.theSouthernHemisphereB.TheNorthernHemisphereC.theWesternHemisphereD.TheEasternHemisphere2.Canadaisboundedontheeastby________.A.thePacificOceanB.theAtlanticOceanC.theIndianOceanD.theArcticOcean3.Nearly________ofthelandinCanadahasnopermanentpopulation.A.halfB.two-thirdsC.89%D.95%4.Canada"slargestcityis_________.A.MontrealB.TorontoC.OttawaD.Vancouver5.ThelongestriverinCanadais_________.A.theMackenzieB.theSt.LawrenceC.theSevernD.theYukon6.TheSt.Lawrenceand________togetherformanimportanttransportationnetworkforeasternCanada.A.cardsdecoratedwithheartsB.CupidarmedwithbowandarrowC.flowerstiedwithredribbonsD.roastturkey7.TheInteriorPlainsliebetween________and_______.A.theCanadianShield/theAppalachianRegionB.theCanadianShield/theRockyMountainsC.theGreatLakes/theArcticIslandsD.theAppalachianRegion/theGreatLakes8.ThenameCanadaisthoughttobederivedfromkanata,anIndianwordmeaning_______.A.aguitarB.ameetingplaceC.asettlementD.apieceofland9.WhowasthefirstEuropeantodiscoverCanada?A.JohnCabot.B.JacquesCartier.C.SamueldeChamplainD.HenryHudson.10.WhofoundedthefirstpermanentsettlementsatQuebecandMontrealontheSt.LawrenceRiver?A.JohnCabot.B.JacquesCartier.C.SamueldeChamplainD.HenryHudson.11.WhyweretheFrenchtroopsinCanadadefeatedbytheBritishduringtheSevenYears"War?A.BecausetheywerenotusedtotheweatherinCanada.B.Becausetheydidnotgetsupportfromthelocalpeople.C.Becausetheydidnotreceivethesuppliestheyneededsobadly.D.BecausetheBritishhadlargerandbettersettlementsinCanada.12.Under______,theFrenchCanadianfarmingeconomyoftheSt.Lawrencevalleyanditslanguage,religion,andcustomscontinuedunchanged.A.theQuebecActof1774B.theTreatyofParisin1763C.theConstitutionalActof1791D.theActofUnionin184013.WhenwasCanadadividedintoUpperCanada(English-speaking)andLowerCanada(French-speaking)?A.In1763B.In1774C.In1791D.In184014.WhenwasCanadagiveninternalself-government?A.In1791B.In1840C.In1848D.In186715.Under________,theprovincesofCanada,NewBrunswick,andNovaScotiawereunitedtoformtheDo-minionofCanada.A.theActofUnionin1840B.theBritishNorthAmericaActof1867C.theQuebecActof1774D.theConstitutionalActof179116.WhowasthefirstprimeministerofthenewCanada?A.SirJohnMacdonald.B.SirWilfridLaurier.C.RobertBorden.D.MackenzieKing.17.In1896_______tookoverandthecountrywasruledunderSirWilfridLaurier.A.theConservativePartyB.theLiberalPartyC.theLaborPartyD.theNewDemocraticParty18.In1905twomoreprovinceswerecreated.Theywere_______.A.OntarioandQuebecB.ManitobaandBritishColumbiaC.AlbertaandSaskatchewanD.NewfoundlandandPrinceEdwardIsland19.In1931by_______CanadawasformallydeclaredtobeasovereignnationandbecameamemberoftheCommon-wealthofNations.A.thePeaceTreatyof1919B.theStatuteofWestminsterC.theMeekLakeAccordD.theconstitutionActof198220.In1949_______becameCanada"stenthprovince.A.NewfoundlandB.PrinceEdwardIslandC.LabradorD.BritishColumbia1.C2.B3.C4.B5.A6.B7.B8.C9.A10.C11.C12.A13.C14.C15.B16.A17.B18.C19.B20.A澳大利亚Exercises27I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.LiketheislandcontinentofAntarctica,Australiaislocatedentirelyin______.A.theNorthernHemisphereB.theSouthernHemisphereC.theNorthPoleD.theSouthPole2.Withregardtoitssize,Australiais______countryintheworld.A.thethirdlargestB.thefourthlargestC.thefifthlargestD.thesixthlargest3.ThegeographicalstructureofAustraliaisgenerallydividedintothreetopographicalregions:______.A.theEasternPlateau,theCentralhighlandsandtheWesternLowlandsB.theCentralPlateau,theWesternHighlandsandtheEasternLowlandsC.theWesternPlateau,theEasternhighlandsandtheCentralEasternLowlandsD.theCentralPlateau,theWesternhighlandsandtheEasternLowlands4.AlthoughAustraliahasalargearea,______ofthecontinentisdesertorsemi-desert.A.onethirdB.twothirdsC.halfD.morethanhalf5.MostAustraliansliveonthecool,wet,forested______.A.southeastcoastlandB.southwestcoastlandC.northeastcoastlandD.northwestcoastland6.TheonlyplacesinAustraliathatexperienceregularwintersnowfallandicyconditionsare______.A.theeasterncoastalareasofQueenslandB.theBlueMountainsC.theNewEnglandTablelandD.thehighestpeaksoftheSnowyMountainsandVictorianHighlands7.Australia"smostcommonplansare______.A.oaksandelmsB.palmsandpinesC.willowsandpoplarsD.eucalyptsandwattles8.WhatanimalsareregardedasAustralia"snationalfauna?A.Koalasandpossums.B.Emusandkangaroos.C.Echidnasandplatypuses.D.Budgerigarsandcockatoos.9.AboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderpeopleconstitute______ofAustralia"spopulation.A.1%B.1.5%C.2%D.2.5%10.WhyhasAustraliaalwaysbeenacontinentwithfewpeople?A.BecauseAustraliaistoofarawayfromEurope.B.BecauseAustraliaistheleastmountainousandmostleveloftheworld"scontinents.C.BecauseAustraliaisseparatedfromtherestoftheworldbyseas.D.Becausemostofthecontinentishotanddry.11.Australiaispoliticallydividedinto_____statesand_____territories.A.four/threeB.five/twoC.six/threeD.six/two12.AustraliaisanationofimmigrantsbecausetheoverwhelmingmajorityoftheAustralianpopulationare______.A.whiteB.middleclasspeopleC.touristsfromothercountriesD.immigrantsortheirdescendants13.WhyisAustralia"sNewSouthWalescalledthepremierstate?A.BecauseitwasthefirstcolonyestablishedbyBritainin1788.B.BecauseitisthebiggeststateinAustralia.C.BecauseitisthemostimportantstateinAustralia.D.BecauseithasthelargestpopulationinAustralia.14.Theonlycityonthewesterncoastwhichhasapopulationofmorethanonemillionis______.A.DarwinB.PerthC.theGoldCoastD.Brisbane15.TheGreatBarrierReefisincludedontheWorldHeritagelistbecause___.A.ithasthemostbeautifulseascapeintheworldB.ithasthegreatestnumberofislandsintheworldC.ithasthemostdiverseandcomplexmarinelifeintheworldD.ithasthelongestcoastintheworld16.Adelaide,thecapitalofSouthAustralia,isinternationallyknownforits______.A.wineB.beautifulsceneryC.valuablemineralsD.artsfestival17.WesternAustraliaisthebiggestAustralianstate,butitspopulationisonly______ofthecountry"spopulation.A.9%B.10%C.11%D.12%18.Tasmaniaisanislandwhichlies______oftheAustralianmainland.A.northofthenortheasterncornerB.southofthesoutheasterncornerC.eastofthenortheasterncomerD.westofthesoutheasterncorner19.WhyisthesouthernareaoftheNorthernTerritorycalledtheRedCentreofAustralia?A.BecauseUluruislocatedthere.B.Becauseitisextremelyhotanddry.C.Becauseitconsistsofmilesandmilesofred-sanddesertandmountainranges.D.Becauseitliesinthetropics.20.Canberra,thecapitalofAustralia,gotitsnamefromthewordCanburry,whichisanAboriginalwordmeaning______.A.meetingplaceB.beautifulgardenC.sacredsiteD.capitalcity1.B2.D3.C4.B5.A6.D7.D8.B9.B10.D11.D12.D13.A14.B15.C16.D17.A18.B19.C20.A新西兰Exercises33I.Readthefollowingunfinishedstatementsorquestionscarefully.ForeachunfinishedstatementorquestionfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandDaregiven.Choosetheoneyouthinkbestcompletesthestatementsoranswersthequestion.1.NewZealandissituatedabout1,500km_______.A.north-westofAustraliaB.south-eastofAustraliaC.north-eastofAustraliaD.south-westofAustralia2.Becausethecountryisverynarrow,noplaceinNewZealandismorethan______fromthesea.A.100kmB.110kmC.120kmD.150km3.NewZealandisthefirstcountryintheworldtogetthenewdaybecause_______.A.itisjusteastoftheInternationalDateLineB.itisjustwestoftheInternationalDateLineC.itislocatedhalfwaybetweentheequatorandtheSouthPoleD.itislocatedintheSouthernPacificOcean4.AfaultlinerunsthelengthofNewZealand,whichmeansthat_______.A.itoftenhasstormsB.itoftenhasvolcanoesC.itoftenhasearthquakesD.itoftenhasdroughts5.TheSouthernAlps,withMtCookinthecenter,runsalmostthewholelengthof______.A.NewZealandB.NorthIslandC.SouthIslandD.StewartIsland6.ThelongestriverinNewZealandis________.A.theCluthaRiverB.theWanganuiC.theRangitataD.theWaikato7.ThefollowingarethevolcanicmountainsinNorthIslandexcept________.A.RuapehuB.MtCookC.NgaurohoeD.Tongariro8.ThemostseriouspotentialnaturaldisastersinNewZealandare_______.A.stormsandearthquakesB.volcanoesandfloodsC.earthquakesandvolcanoesD.floodsandstorms9.ExceptinthewestoftheSouthernAlps,theclimateinNewZealandisgenerally_______.A.coldB.hotC.neitherveryhotnorverycoldD.dry10._______istheflightlessbirdwhichhasbecomeasymbolofNewZealand.A.EmuB.KiwiC.WekaD.Pukeko11.ThefirstEuropeantovisitNewZealandwas_______.A.KupeB.AbelTasmanC.WilliamHobsonD.JamesCook12.WhywastheBritishgovernmentinterestedinNewZealand?A.TradewithNewZealandwaseconomicallyimportant.B.TherewerenolawstoprotectMaorirightsindealingswithwhitesettlers.C.TheFrenchgovernmentwastakinganinterestinNewZealand,too.D.Alloftheabove.13.ModernNewZealandwasfoundedonthebasisof_____signedbetweenMaorisandBritishsettlersin1840.A.MaoritangaB.AotearoaC.theTreatyofWaitangiD.theTreatyofANZUS14.________istheMaorinameforNewZealand,meaninglandofthelong,whitecloud".A.WaitangiB.KiwiC.AotearoaD.Maoritanga15.TheMaoribelievethattheirancestors,andalllivingthingsintheworld,weredescendedfrom_______.A.theskyB.thelandC.theGodD.thegods16.AccordingtoMaorioralhistory,NewZealandwasdiscoveredby_______.A.AbelTasmanB.JamesCookC.KupeD.Maui17.In1893NewZealandbecamethefirstcountryintheworld_______.A.torecognizeMaorirightsofself-determinationB.gogivewomenthevoteC.tointroduceproceduresforhandlingindustrialdisputesD.toadoptthe40-hourworkingweek18.In1891-1911(undertheLiberal-LaborParty)and1935-1947(underLabor)NewZealandwonaworldreputationof_______.A.itssocialexperimentationB.itshighstandardoflivingC.itseconomicachievementsD.itsindependentforeignpolicy19.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueabouttheMaoriprotestmovement?A.ItispopularwithyoungerurbanMaoris.B.Itaimstogainrecognitionfortheirlanguage,valuesandcultureinnationallife.C.Itdemandscompensationfortheirlanguage,valuesandcultureinnationallife.D.TheNewZealandgovernmenthasneverpaidanyattentiontothemovement.20.Maorishaveadoptedmanyaspectsof______andmoreandmoreNewZealandersnowshareintherichheritageof_______.A.Americanculture/AsiancultureB.Westernculture/AsiancultureC.Americanculture/MaoricultureD.Westernculture/Maoriculture1.B2.B3.B4.C5.C6.A7.B8.C9.C10.B11.B12.D13.C14.C15.D16.C17.B18.A19.D20.D英概一句话简答完整版（余志远版本）英国：1.WhatisthefullnameoftheUnitedKingdom?ItistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.2.WhatarethetwolargeislandthatmakeuptheBritishIsles?TheyareGreatBritainandIreland.3.WhatarethefourpoliticaldivisionsoftheUnitedKingdom?TheyareEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.4.WhydoestheUnitedKingdomhaveamildclimate,eventhoughitliesfarthernorththanourHeilongjiangProvince?BecauseBritainsclimateisinfluencedbytheGulfStream.5.HowmanymetropolitanareasdoesEnglandhave?Englandhassevenmetropolitanareas.6.WhatisthebackboneofEngland?ItisthePennines.7.WhatisthelargestlakeintheBritishIsles?ItisLoughNeagh.8.FromwhatlanguagesisEnglishderived?EnglandismainlyderivedfromtheAnglo-SaxonandNorman-Frenchlanguages.9.Whatisaneisteddfod?AneisteddfodisaWelshfestivalofpoetry,musicandotherarts.10.WhathavetheScottishpeoplebeenfamousfor?TheScottishpeoplehavebeenfamousfortheirclose-knitclans,colorfulplaidkilts,andskillasfiercewarriors.11.HowlongwasBritainundertheRomanoccupation?BritainwasundertheRomanoccupationfornearly400years.12.WhywastheRomanimpactupontheBritonssurprisinglylimited?TheRomanimpactontheBritonswassurprisinglylimitedbecausetheRomansalwaystreatedtheBritonsasasubjectpeopleofslaveclassandtheyneverintermarriedwiththenativeBritons.13.WhendidtheAnglo-SaxonsbegintosettleinBritain?TheAnglo-SaxonsbegantosettleinBritaininthe5thcentury.14.WhendidEnglandbegintobeChristianized?EnglandbegantobeChristianizedin579.15.WhatwastheresultoftheSynodofWhitbyinYorkshirein664?TheresultoftheSynodofWhitbywasthattheRomanmissionariesgainedtheupperhandovertheCelticmissionaries.16.WhatwasHarolddoingwhenhewasinformedoftheinvasionofNorthumbriabyTostigandHaroldHardrada?HewasinthesouthpreparingtoresisttheexpectedattackfromNormandy.17.WheredidHarolddefeatTostigandHardrada?HarolddefeatedTostigandHaroldHardradaatStanfordBridge.18.BywhomwasWilliamcrownedKingofEnglandinWestminsterAbbey?WilliamwascrownedKingofEnglandinWestminsterAbbeybytheArchbishopofYork.19.WhatdidWilliamdoafterhesuppressedtheSaxonrisingsinthenorth?Hebuiltastringofdefensecastlestoensurehismilitarycontrolofthewholecountry.20.WastheNormanConquestthelastsuccessfulinvasionofEngland?Yes.TheNormanConquestwasthelastsuccessfulinvasionofEnglandbecauseEnglandhasneverbeeninvadedsince.21.WhydidWilliamIgivehisbaronslargeestatesinEngland?WilliamIgavelargeestatestohisbaronsbecausehewantedtogetapromiseofmilitaryserviceandaproportionofthelandsproduce.22.WhatwasthepeculiarfeatureofthefeudalsystemofEngland?Alllandowners,bigandsmall,tooktheoathofallegianceforthelandtheyheld,notonlytotheirimmediatelord,butalsototheking.23.WhydidWilliamIhavetheDomesdayBookcompiled?WilliamIhadtheDomesdayBookcompiledbecausehewantedtohaveareliablerecordofallhisland,histenantsandtheirpossessionsandtodiscoverhowmuchhistenantscouldbeaskedtopaybywayoftaxes.24.WhatwasWilliamIspolicytowardsthechurch?Hewantedtokeepitcompletelyunderhiscontrol,butatthesametimetoupholditspower.25.WhydidHenryIImakeThomasBecketArchbishopofCanterbury?HethoughtthatThomasBecketwouldassisthimincarryingoutlegalreforms.26.WhatbroughtHenryIIintocollisionwithThomasBecket,theArchbishopofCanterbury?TheexceptionalprivilegesenjoyedbytheclergybroughtHenryIIintocollisionwithThomasBecket.27.WhatarethetwoaspectsoftheNormanlegacythatcontributedtogreatdomesticunrestinEnglandinthe12thand13thcenturies?OnewasEnglandspossessionofterritoryinFrance.TheotherwasNormanadherencetoRomanCatholicism.28.WhowastheFrenchnationalheroineduringtheHundredYearsWarwhohelpedtheFrenchtodrivetheEnglishoutofFrance?JoanofArc.29.Whendidthegovernmentestablishrulesforthefirsttimetokeepdownwages?Thegovernmentestablishedrulesforthefirsttimetokeepdownwagesin1351.30.HowmanypeasantinKentandEssexwerekilledbyRichardIIstroops?40,000peasantsinKentandEssexwerekilledbyRichardIIstroops.31.WhatweretheemblemsoftheHousesofYorkandLancaster?TheemblemoftheHouseofYorkwasawhiteroseandtheemblemoftheHouseofLancasterwasaredrose.32.WhatwastheimpactoftheWarsoftheRosesonfeudalisminEngland?TheWarsoftheRosesdealtadeathblowtofeudalisminEngland.33.HowdidElizabethItrytoavoidtroublingParliamenttoooftenforpounds?ShetriedtoavoidtroublingParliamentbymakingstricteconomiesatCourt.34.WhatquestionsdidElizabethItreataspersonalandprivate?Thesequestionswereherreligion,hermarriage,herforeignpolicy,thesuccessiontothethrone,andherfinance.35.HowdidElizabethImanagetomaintaininfriendlyrelationshipwithFrance?ShemanagedtomaintainafriendlyrelationshipwithFrancethroughhermarriageallianceswhichwerenevermaterialized.36.WhenwasMaryQueenofScotsexecuted?MaryQueenofScotswasexecutedin1587.37.WhatdidthedestructionoftheSpanishArmadashow?ItshowedEnglandssuperiorityasanavalpower.38.Whatwasthelong-termresultoftheGunpowderPlot?Thelong-termresultoftheGunpowderPlothasbeenanannualcelebrationofNovember5,whenabonfireislittoburnaguyandafireworkdisplayisarranged.39.WhatwasPuritanismnotedfor?Itwasnotedforsimpledress,highmoralstandardsandveryegalitarianattitudes.40.Whatisaconstitutionalmonarchy?AconstitutionalmonarchyisonewhosepowerislimitedbyParliament.41.WhatdidtheWhigsstandforintheearly19thcentury?TheystoodforareductioninCrownpatronage,sympathytowardsNonconformists,andcarefortheinterestsofmerchantsandbankers.42.Whydidchangesinfarmingmethodsaffectlivesofmillionsinthe18thcentury?Changesinfarmingmethodsaffectedlivesofmillionsinthe18thcenturyEnglandbecausevillageandagriculturewerethebackboneofEnglandatthattime.43.Whatdidthelandownerswanttodointhelate18thandearly19thcenturies?Theywantedtoreplacethesmallfarmscultivatedontheopen-fieldsystembylarger,economicallymoreefficientfarmswithhedge-dividedfields.44.WhywasKingGeorgeIIInicknamedFarmerGeorge?KingGeorgeIIIwasnicknamedFarmerGeorgebecausehewasveryenthusiasticaboutagriculturalchangesatWinsor.45.WhatwerethetwoeventswhichmostalarmedtheBritishrulingclassesintheclosingdecadesofthe18thcentury?TheyweretheAmericanWarofIndependenceandtheFrenchRevolution.46.WhendidtheBritishbegintotransportconvictstoAustralia?TheBritishbegantotransportconvictstoAustraliain1788.47.Whatwastheresultofthegeneralstrikeof1926?Thestrikefailed.Theminerswereforcedtoreturntoworkwithlongerhoursandlowerwageseventhanbefore.Yet,outsidetheminingdistrict,thestrikeseemedtohaveimprovedrelationsbetweentheworkersandthemiddleclasses.48.WhydidEdwardVIIIabdicatein1936afterareignof10months?EdwardVIIIabdicatedbecausehewantedtomarryWallisSimpson,atwice-divorcedAmerican.49.WhendidBritainfinallybecomeafullmemberoftheEuropeanEconomicCommunity?BritainfinallybecameafullmemberoftheEuropeanEconomicCommunityinJanuary,1973.50.WhywasMrs.Thatcherremovedfromofficein1990?ItwasbecauseofheroppositiontoEuropeanUnionandherimpositionofanextremelyunpopularflat-ratepolltaxinplaceofpropertytaxestopayorlocalgovernmentservice.51.WhataretheeconomicproblemsBritainisnowfacedwith?Britainisnowfacedwithalowrateofindustrialgrowth,unemployment,andarisinginflationrate.52.WhatpercentageofBritishworkersareemployedinserviceindustries?Morethan70%ofBritishworkersareemployedinserviceindustries.53.Whywereearlyfactorieslocatednearthecoalfields?Becausecoalpoweredthesteamenginesthatmovedthemachinery.54.InwhichBritishindustrydidtheIndustrialRevolutionbegin?TheIndustrialRevolutionbeganinBritainstextileindustry.55.WhereareoilandnaturalgasfoundinBritain?OilandnaturalgasarefoundundertheNorthSea.56.WhyisitthatBritainimportsmoreclothingthanitexports?BecausemanycountrieswithlowerlaborcostscanproduceclothingmorecheaplythantheBritishcan.57.WhichareainBritainiscalledtheSiliconGlen?TheareabetweenGlasgowandEdinburghinScotlandiscalledtheSiliconGlen.58.WhatisthecountyofKentinsoutheasternEnglandfamousfor?Itisfamousforitsbeautifulblossomsofitsappleandcherryorchardsinspringtime.59.WhatareBritainsmostimportantimports?Britishimportsincludechemicals,clothing,foods,machinery,metals,motorvehicles,paperandnewsprint,petroleumproducts,andtextiles.60.WhatareBritainsmostimportantexports?Britishexportsareaerospaceequipment,chemicalsandpharmaceuticals,foodsandbeverages,machinery,motorvehicles,petroleum,andscientificandmedicalequipment.61.WheredoestheSovereignscoronationtakeplace?TheSovereignscoronationtakesplaceatWestminsterAbbeyinLondon.62.WhenistheSovereignsbirthdayofficiallycelebrated?ItisofficiallycelebratedinJuneeveryyear.63.WhatdoestheDukeofEdinburghdowhentheQueenpaysstatevisitstoforeigngovernments?Heaccompaniesher.64.WheredoestheQueensexpenditurearisingfrompublicdutiescomefrom?TheQueensexpenditurearisingfrompublicdutiescomesfromtheCivilListandgovernmentdepartments.65.Whatdoesthetermparliamentoriginallymean?Thetermparliamentoriginallymeansameetingforaparleyordiscussion.66.WhatisthemainfunctionoftheHouseofLords?ThemainfunctionoftheHouseofLordsistobringthewideexperienceofitsmembersintotheprocessoflaw-making.67.WhatistheSpeakerstaskintheHouseofCommons?HistaskistopresideovertheHouseandenforcetherulesoforder.68.HowmanycountiesarethereinEnglandandWales?Thereare53countiesinEnglandandWales.69.Whatarethethreeislandareaswheresingle-tierauthoritieswereintroducedinScotland?TheyaretheOrkneys,theShetlandsandtheWesternIsles.70.HowdolocalauthoritiesinGreatBritainraiserevenue?Theyraiserevenuethroughthecounciltax.71.WhatarethetwomainbranchesofthelawinBritain?Theyarecriminallawandcivillaw.72.HowmanytypesofcriminalcourtsarethereinScotland?TherearethreetypesofcriminalcourtsinScotland.TheyaretheHighCourtofJusticiary,thesheriffcourt,andthedistrictcourt.73.Whatisthedifferencebetweensolemnprocedureandsummaryprocedure?Insolemnprocedure,adefendantistriedbyajudgesittingwithajury.Insummaryprocedurethejudgesitswithoutajury.74.WhatarethethreedivisionsoftheHighCourt?TheyaretheFamilyDivision,theChanceryDivision,andtheQueensBenchDivision.75.WhatistheultimatecourtofappealincivilcasesthroughouttheUnitedKingdom?ItistheHouseofLords.76.WhodirectlycontrolsLondonsMetropolitanPoliceForce?TheHomeSecretarycontrolsLondonsMetropolitanPoliceForce.77.Whatarethechiefaimsofthepenalsystem?Thechiefaimsaretodeterthepotentiallaw-breaker,andtoreformtheconvictedoffender.78.HowmanyprisonsarethereinNorthernIreland?Thereare4prisonsinNorthernIreland.79.Howlongcanacourtprobationorderlast?Acourtprobationordercanlastbetween6monthsand3years.80.Whatcourses(orschemes)andservicesareprovidedinallprisons?Trainingcourses,educationalschemes,medicalservicesandwelfareservicesareprovidedinallprisons.81.AreBritishpeopleobligedtousetheNationalHealthService?No.Theyarenotobligedtousetheservice.82.Whatareservicesforelderlypeopleaimedat?Servicesforelderlypeopleareaimedathelpingthemliveathomewheneverpossible.83.Whatistheaimofthesocialsecuritysystem?Theaimofthesocialsecurityistosecureabasicstandardoflivingforpeopleinfinancialneed.84.Atwhatagedomenandwomengenerallyretire?Mengenerallyretireattheageof65,andwomenattheateof60.85.WhatarethetwoestablishedchurchesinBritain?TheyaretheChurchofEnglandinEnglandandtheChurchofScotlandinScotland.86.HowmanyprovincesdoestheChurchofEnglandhave?TheChurchofEnglandhastwoprovinces:CanterburyandYork.87.WhenwerethefirstwomenpriestsordainedinBritain?TheywereordainedinMarch1994.88.WhofoundedtheSalvationArmyintheEastofLondonin1865?WilliamBooth,agreatfollowerofJohnWesley,foundedtheSalvationArmy.89.WheredothepeopleinLondongotoseetheChristmasdecorations?TheygotoOxfordStreet,RegentStreetandPiccadillytoseetheChristmasdecorations.90.WhyisDecember26thcalledBoxingDay?December26thiscalledBoxingDaybecauseitwasformerlythecustomtogiveChristmasboxes,orgiftsofmoney,toservantsandtradesmenonthisday.91.HowmanykindsofstatesecondaryschoolsarethereinGreatBritain?Three.Theyaregrammarschool,secondarymodernschoolandcomprehensiveschool.92.WhenwastheOpenUniversityfounded?Whendiditbeginitsfirstcourses?Itwasfoundedin1969,anditbeganitsfirstcoursesin1970.93.WhyistheOpenUniversitysonamed?Itissonamedbecauseitisopentoalltobecomestudents.94.HowmuchmoneyisspentonpressadvertisingeveryyearinGreatBritain?About￡5,100million.95.HowmuchtimedoBritishpeoplespendadaywatchingtelevision?Peoplespendanaverageofoverthreeandahalfhoursadaywatchingtelevision.96.Howarethestate-runtelevisionchannelsBBC1andBBC2financed?Theyarefinancedfromthesaleoftelevisionlicences.97.HowareindependentchannelsITVandC4funded?Theyarefundedentirelybyadvertising.98.WhendidtheBBCbegintoprovideregulartelevisionbroadcasts?TheBBCbegantoprovideregulartelevisionbroadcastsin1936.99.WhichsportisregardedastypicallyEnglish?CricketisthemosttypicallyEnglishsport.100.Whatisacopyrightlibrary?ItisalibrarywhichisentitledtoreceiveafreecopyofeverybookpublishedintheUnitedKingdom.美国1.HowdoestheUnitedStatesrankamongthecountriesoftheworldinpopulationandarea?TheUnitedStatesofAmericaisthethird-largestcountryintheworldinpopulationandthefourth-largestcountryinarea.2.WhatarethetwomajormountainrangesintheUnitedStates?TheyaretheAppalachianHighlandsandtheRockyMountains.3.WhatistheContinentalDivide,orGreatDivide?TheContinentalDivide,orGreatDivide,isanimaginarylinethatseparatesstreamsthatflowintothePacificOceanfromthosethatflowintotheAtlantic.4.WhatarethefiveGreatLakesoftheUnitedStates?TheyareErie,Huron,Michigan,Ontario,andSuperior.5.HowmanygeographicalregionscanbefoundintheUnitedStates?Whatarethey?TherearesevengeographicalregionsintheUnitedStates.TheyareNewEngland,theMiddleAtlanticStates,thesouthernStates,theMidwesternStates,theRockyMountainstates,theSouthwesternStates,andthePacificCoastStatesandtheNewStates.6.WhatstatesareinNewEngland?NewEnglandismadeupofsixstatesoftheNorth-East.TheyareMaine,NewHampshire,Vermont,Massachusetts,RhodeIsland,andConnecticut.7.ApartfromNowYorkCity,whatotherlargecitesarelocatedintheMiddleAtlanticregion?Philadelphia,Pittsburgh,Buffalo,andNewark.8.WhatistheMidwestfamousfor?TheMidwestisfamousforitslargestretchesoffertilesoil.9.WhatstatesmakeupthePacificCoastRegion?TheregionknownasthePacificCoastincludesthewesternpartsofWashingtonandOregonandnearlyallofCalifornia.10.WhatroledoestourismplayinHawaiiseconomy?TourismisHawaiismostimportantindustry.11.WhatisthepopulationoftheUnitedStates?Howdoesitrankintheworld?TheUnitedStatesisthethirdmostpopulouscountryintheworldafterChinaandIndia,withapopulationof267million(estimated)inApril1997.12.WhatisthereasonforthegrowthofpopulationinFlorida?ItisbecauseofitswarmclimateandconvenienceindoingbusinesswithandtravelingtoCentralandSouthAmerica.13.Whicharethefivebiggestcities,intermsofpopulation,intheUnitedStates?NewYork,LosAngeles,Chicago,SanFrancisco,Philadelphia.14.WhyarepeoplemovingsooftenintheUnitedStates?Peopleoftenmovefromoneplacetoanotherforvariousreasons:tolookforbetterjobopportunityorforbetterclimateorforothergoals.15.Whataresomeoftheconsequencesoftheoutflowofcityresidentstothesuburbs?Themovementbringsseriousconsequencestobigcities:risingunemploymentrate,theincreaseofthenumberofpoorpeople,theworseningofcitylivingconditionsandthefallofgovernmentrevenues.16.WhicharethethreelargestgroupsofHispanics?TheChicanos,thePuertoRicansandtheCuban-Americans.17.WhydomanyPuertoRicansgototheUnitedStates?TheyaredrawntotheUnitedStatesbybetterjobopportunities.18.WhatexplanationdoexpertsgiveforthesuccessofAsian-Americans?TheexpertsattributethesuccesstoAsianculturaltradition:emphasisoneducation,hardworkandfamily.19.WhatwasthefateofJapanese-AmericansinWWII?TheJapanese-Americansweretakentorelocationcentersinisolatedpartsofthewesternmountainandplainsstatesandstayedbehindbarbedwires.20.CanyougiveanexampletoshowtheawakeningofAmericanIndians?ManyIndiansaretakinglegalstepstodemandcompensationforlandandresourcesgrabbedfromthemillegally.21.WhatisoneoftheexplanationsofhowtheearlyIndianscametotheAmericans?OneoftheexplanationsistheIndianscrossedfromAsiaonthelandbridgethatconnectedSiberiaandAlaska.22.HowdidthePlymouthsettlersmanagetosurvive?TheneighboringIndianscametoteachthemhowtogrowcornandtheysucceededinhavingagoodharvest.23.InwhatwaywerethePuritansdifferentfromthePilgrims?ThePilgrimsweremostlypoor,labouringpeoplewhilethePuritanswerewealthy,well-educatedgentlemen.24.DidtheWarofIndependencestartwiththeadoptionoftheDeclarationofIndependence?No.ItstartedwhenclashestookplaceatConcordandLexington.25.WhatwasthechiefweaknessoftheArticlesofConfederation?Thechiefweaknesswasthedocumentfailedtosetupagovernmentthatcouldfunction.26.WhatwasthesignificanceoftheadoptionoftheBillofRights?TheadoptionoftheBillofRightsinadditiontotheConstitutioncompletedthefoundationoftheAmericanconstitutionalsystem.27.WhydidAmericanterritorialexpansionthreatenBritishinterest?BecausesomeAmericanswantedtotakeadvantageofthewarinEuropetoexpandintoCanada.ThisrancountertoBritishinterest.28.WhatwastheCompromiseof1850?TheCompromiseof1850wasanarrangementwhichkeptabalancebetweenfreeandslavestatesintheSenate.29.WhydidtheCivilWarbreakout?TheCivilWarbrokeoutbecausethesouthernstateslefttheUnionandformedanewnationbutpresidentLincolnwasdeterminedtomaintaintheUnion.30.HowdidthegovernmenthelpinthedevelopmentofAmericaneconomy?Thegovernmentcarriedoutthepolicyoftradeprotectionism.1.WhatwerethethreefeaturesinthegrowthofAmericaneconomyatthebeginningofthe20thcentury?Largecorporation,urbanizationandnewtechnologywerethethreefeatures.2.WhatwasthebasicdemandoftheProgressiveMovement?Thebasicdemandwasgovernmentregulationofeconomicandsocialconditions.3.WhydidtheUnitedStatespursueapolicyofpro-AllypartialityintheearlypartofWWI?Becauseofethnicties,culturaltradition,socialbackground,economicinterestsandsuccessfulBritishpropaganda,theU.S.governmentpursuedsuchapolicy.4.WhatweretheimmediatecausesthatledtheUnitedStatesintothewar?TheimmediatecauseswereGermanysunlimitedsubmarinewarfareandGermanysattempttogetMexicointothewaragainsttheUnitedStates.5.Whatgovernmentpoliciesinthe1920shelpedbigbusiness?Thepoliciesoftariffprotection,favorabletaxratesandlittlegovernmentrestrictionscontributedtohighprofitsofbigbusinesses.6.HowdidmanyAmericansviewtheircountryafterWWI?TheybelievedthatAmericanpolitical,economicandsocialinstitutionswerethebestintheworld.7.WhatwastheexperienceofWWIveteransdemandingpaymentofbonusesinWashingtonD.C.in1932?TheyweredrivenoutofthecapitalbymilitaryforcedirectedbyGeneralMcArthur.8.WhatweresomeofthepersonalcharacteristicsofF.D.R.thathelpedhimindoinghisworkaspresident?Hehadasuresenseofwhatwaspracticalorpossible,astrongsenseoftimingandwasagreatcommunicator.9.WhatwerethetwoguidingprinciplesunderlyingAmericandiplomaticactivitiesinWWII?Thefirstwastowinthewar;thesecondwastobringtheSovietUnionintoapostwarworldorderunderAmericanleadership.10.WhatwasthebasicreasonforthepostponementoftheopeningoftheSecondFront?ItwasareflectionofthedesireofnotlettingtheSovietUnionexpandintoeasternandcentralEuropetooquickly.11.WhatwasthepostwarstrategyoftheUnitedStates?ThestrategywasAmericanleadershipoftheworldandopenmarketforAmericangoodsandcapital.12.WhatwasthetheoryputforwardbytheSovietUnioninaround1946?Therecouldbenolong-termpeacefulco-existencebetweensocialismandcapitalism.13.WhatwastheimmediatecauseoftheBerlincrisisin1948?TheSovietUnioncutoffWesternroutestoWestBerlin.14.WhatdecisiondidPresidentTrumanmaketodealwiththeBerlincrisis?HedecidedtomobilizeallpossibleAmericancargoplanestoairliftsuppliesintoWestBerlin.15.WhateffectdidtheBerlinblockadehaveonthepeopleinWestBerlinandwesternoccupiedzones?itpushedthepeopleinWestBerlinandwesternoccupiedzonesfurthertothesideoftheUnitedStatesbecausetheyweregratefulforAmericanairlifts.16.WhatmeasuredidtheUnitedStatestakeintheCubanMissileCrisis?TheUnitedStatesintroducedanavalblockadearoundCubaanddemandedthedismantlementandwithdrawalofthemissilesfromCuba.17.DidthealliesoftheUnitedStatesgivetheirfullsupporttotheU.S.intheVietnamWar?No,somecriticizedtheUnitedStatesforescalationofthewar,somerefusedtosupportAmericanwarefforts.18.WhatisthesignificanceoftheShanghaiCommunique?ThekeythingisAmericancommitmenttoaoneChinapolicy.19.WhatistheimportanceoftheCivilRightsActof1964?TheActoutlawedracialdiscriminationinhousingandemployment.20.WhatisthePortHuronStatementabout?ThePortHuronStatementwastheplatformoftheStudentsforaDemocraticSociety(SDS)whichcondemnedracism,povertyamidstplenty,bigcorporationsandtheColdWar.21.HowdoestheUnitedStatesrankamongthecountriesoftheworldinthetotalvalueofitseconomicproduction?TheUnitedStatesranksfirstamongthecountriesoftheworldinthevalueofitseconomicproduction.22.WhatkindofsystemistheUnitedStateseconomybasedon?TheUnitedStateseconomyisbasedonafreeenterprisesystem.23.WhatarethefactorsthathavehelpedbuildtheUnitedStatesintotheeconomicgiantitistoday?TheUnitedStateshasoneoftheworldsmostvariedpopulations,andthevastspaceandresourcesoftheland,theidealsoffreedomandeconomicopportunity,andhardworkbythepeoplehavehelpedbuildtheUnitedStatesintotheeconomicgiantitistoday.24.WhatarethemajornaturalresourcesintheUnitedStates?Fertilesoil,forests,water,andmineralsarethemajornaturalresourcesintheUnitedStates.25.WhataresomeoftheleadingfarmproductsintheUnitedStates?Theyarecorn,wheat,beefcattle,milk,soybeans,cotton,chickensandeggs,andhogs.26.WhathashelpedmakeU.Sfarmsthemostefficientintheworld?TheuseofmodernfarmmachineryandagriculturalmethodshashelpedmakeU.S.farmsthemostefficientintheworld.27.WhatareashavelongbeenmajorU.Scentersofmanufacturing?TheMidwestandNortheast.28.HowdoesCaliforniarankamongthestatesinthevalueofitsmanufacturedgoods?Californiaranksfirstamongthestatesinthevalueofitsmanufacturedgoods.29.WhataretheproblemstheU.Seconomyhasfacedformtimetotime?Theyarerecessions,depressionsandinflation.30.WhyisthepovertyratehigherintheUnitedStatesthaninseveralotherindustrializednations,includingCanada,Australia,andGermany?BecausetheyhavemoregeneroussocialprogramsforthepoorandahigherminimumwagethantheUnitedStates.1.WhatrolehastheConstitutionplayed?TheConstitutionhasbeenthebasisfortheevolutionofgovernmentalinstitutionsandforpoliticalstability,economicgrowthandsocialprogressintheUnitedStates.2.WhatweretheweaknessesoftheArticlesofConfederation?Theweaknesseswere:therewasnonationalexecutivetoenforcethelawsandtherewasnonationalcourtsystemandCongresshadnopowertotax,nortoregulatetradebetweenstates.3.WhatmechanismdidthewritersoftheConstitutionintroducetoprovidesafeguards?Theyintroducedthemechanismofseparationofpowersandchecksandbalances.4.Whatarethethreebranchesofthegovernment?Theyarethelegislative,theexecutiveandthejudicial.5.HowistheAmericanpresidentelected?Thevotersvotefortheelectorsandtheelectorsvoteforthepresident.Butassoonasthevotesofthevotersarecountedthenumberofelectorsforeachcandidateisknownandwhohaswontheelectionisknown.6.AccordingtotheConstitution,whatjudicialpowerdoesthePresidenthave?Hehasthepowertogivereprievesandpardonsinfederalcriminalcases.7.HowarethetwochambersofCongressmadeup?TheSenateiscomposedoftwomembersfromeachstate,withatotalnumberof100whilemembershipintheHouseofRepresentativesisbasedonpopulation.CurrentlytheHousehas435members.8.WhatarethetwospecialpowersoftheSenate?Oneistoconfirmpresidentialappointmentsandtheotheristoratifytreatiesbyatow-thirdsvote.9.Whatisthecompositionofthefederalcourtsystem?Thefederalcourtsystemconsistsofasupremecourt,11courtsofappeals,91districtcourts(includingonefortheDistrictofColumbiaandoneforPuertoRico)andthreecourtsofspecialjurisdiction.10.Whatisthecauseforthedeclineoftheinfluenceofpoliticalparties?Theneardestructionofthepatronagesystemandthewideuseofdirectprimariesintheselectionofdelegatestothepartynationalconventionscontributetothedeclineoftheinfluenceofpoliticalparties.11.IsthereanysinglesexeducationalinstitutionintheU.S.?Yes,therearequiteanumber.12.Whyisitthatresponsibilityforeducationfallonthestate?BecauseitislaiddownintheTenthAmendmenttotheConstitution.13.Whyaretheremanyvariationsintheeducationsystemofthe50states?Becauseeachstateisexpectedtodeveloppoliciesfortheeducationwithinitsboundary.14.Whoisthechiefexecutiveofficerunderthelocalboardofeducation?Thesuperintendentofschools.15.Whatarethethreetypesofhighschools?Theyarecomprehensive,academic,vocationalandtechnicalschools.16.Whydoesthenumberofgraduateschoolenrollmentkeepclimbing?Becauseanadvanceddegreeisviewedasamajorwaytomoveaheadinthecareer.17.Whatarethefieldsfavoredbypostgraduates?Thosefieldsthatwouldnotonlymakestudentseasilyemployedbutwouldprovidethemwithrewardingjobs.18.Whatistheguidingprincipleofcommunitycollege?Itishighereducationforeveryoneandthephilosophythatequalitymustmenaequalopportunityforself-realizationandfortherecognitionofindividualdifference.19.Whatarethetwofocusesofthereforminthe1980s?Theyaretheraisingofthestandardsofteachingandlearningandtherestructuringoftheschools.20.ArethegoalssetoutintheplanAmerica2000easytoachieve?No,theyareverydifficulttoachieve.21.WhowerethewritersofthefirstAmericanwritings?Theywerethefirstsettlers.22.HowdoesthestoryRipVanWinkleend?Whenthestoryends,RipVanWinklesfiercewifeisdeadandheliveshappilywithhisdaughter.23.WhatisEmersonsviewofmanandnature?Heholdsthatmansrelationshipwithnatureshouldnotbeconfinedtomakinguseofnature.24.WhydidHawthorneattacktranscendentalism?Becauseitglorifiedabsoluteindividualismwithoutanyregardforsocialimpact.25.WhatdoesMarkTwainwanttoputacrossinTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn?Hewantstoshowthebasicgoodnessandwisdomofordinarypeople.26.Whatdoesleafofgrassstandfor?Itstandsforallordinarythingsandcommonpeople.27.WhatwerethetwoguidesforDickinsoninhersearchforfaith?TheyweetheBibleandthephilosophyofEmerson.28.WhatcontrastdidDreisermakeinSisterCarrie?HemadesharpcontrastofwealthandpovertyinChicagoandNewYork.29.WhatwasthefirstuniquelyAmericancontributiontoarchitecture?Itwasskyscraper.30.Whendidrocknrollbecomethestandardformofpopularmusicforteenagers?Bytheearly1960sithadbecomethestandardpopularm1.WhatdopeoplesaytoeachotheratTimeSquarewhentheclockstrikesattwelveoclockonNewYearsDay?TheysayHappyNewYear.2.WhydidCongressvotetosetadayinhonorofMartinLutherKing?BecausehewasrespectedandlovedbytheAmericans,blackandwhite,forhisleadershipoftheCivilRightsMovement.3.WhywasLincolnconsideredtobeamanwholivedouttheAmericanDream?BecauseLincolnwasborninapoorfamilyinKentuckyandthroughhardworkandstudy,honesty,hebecameAmericassixteenthPresident.4.WhatdopeopleusuallydoonValentinesDay?Itispopulartosendcardsdecoratedwithheartsandflowerstoexpresslove.5.WhydochildreneatcherrypiesonWashingtonsbirthday?BecausetheyarefamiliarwiththestoryofWashingtonandthecherrytreeandtheyeatcherrypietorememberhimasanhonestman.6.WhatarethetwosymbolsfrequentlyassociatedwithEasterTheyaretheeggandthehare(orthebunny).7.WhatdidagroupofwomeninthesouthdoonMay30,1868?TheydecoratedthegravesofbothUnionandConfederatesoldiers.8.WhywereAmericanchildrenawardedthe1965NobelPrizeforpeace?TheywereawardedtheprizefortheircollectionofmoneyforUNICEFtohelpchildrenindevelopingcountries.9.WhywastheunknownsoldierburiedatArlingtonin1921awardedtwomedals?Thehonorswerenotforonebutforallwhohadgiventheirlivesinthewar.10.WhatisthetypicalfoodforThanksgivingdinner?Thetypicalfoodisroastturkey,pumpkinpieandcranberrysauce.爱尔兰1．WhyisIrelandalsocalledtheEmeraldIsle?Rollingfarmlandsandpasturescoverthecentralpartoftheislandandtheyremaingreenallyearround.2．WhyhasIrelandbeengeographicallycomparedtoabasin?Becausethecentralpartoftheislandislowlandandithasmountainsarounditnearthecoasts.3．WhatisthelargestriverinIreland?TheShannonRiveristhelargestriverinIreland.4．WhatkindofclimatedoesIrelandhave?Ithasamildandmoistclimateallyearround.5．WhydidthepopulationofIrelanddecreasefromthe1840suntilabout1970?Becauseithadahighemigrationrate.6．WhatpercentageofpeopleareRomanCatholics?93.1%ofpeopleareRomanCatholics.7．WhatisthetraditionaltongueofIreland?Irish.8．WhenandhowdidthepartitionofIrelandoccur?ThepartitionofIrelandoccurredin1921undertheAngloIrishTreaty.9．WhendidEirebecometheRepublicofIreland?InApril1949.10．WhenwastheDowningStreetDeclarationissued?InDecember1993.11.WhoistheheadofstateinIreland?ThepresidentistheheadofstateinIreland.12.WhoistheheadofgovernmentinIreland?TheprimeministeristheheadofgovernmentinIreland.13.WhatdoestheIrishparliamentconsistof?TheIrishparliamentconsistsoftheHouseofRepresentatives(DailEireann)andtheSenate(Seanad).14.WhatarethetwomajorpoliticalpartiesinIreland?TheyareFiannaFailandFineGael.15.WhatdoesFiannaFailmeaninIrish?ItmeanssoldiersofdestinyinIrish.16.WhatdoesFineGaelmeaninIrish?ItmeansIrishtribeorunitedIrelandinIrish.17.WhyisIrishfarmingamixedeconomy?MostoftheIrishfarmershaveasmallpieceofarablelandandaconsiderableareaofpastureandmeadow.Theydependchieflyfortheirlivingonoccasionalcashcropsandsomeformoflivestock.18.WhydoesIrelandhaveachronicimbalanceoftrade?Irelanddependsonimportedoilandithasahighimportbill.19.WhatkindofLanguageisIrish?IrishisaCelticlanguage.20.Whoisregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialwritersofthe20thcentury?JamesJoyceisregardedasoneofthemostinfluentialwritersofthe20thcentury.加拿大1.WhereisCanadalocated?CanadaislocatedintheWesternHemisphere.CanadaliestothenorthoftheUnitedStates.2.HowbigisCanada?WhichcountryisbiggerthanCanada?CanadaistheworldssecondlargestcountryafterRussia.ItisthelargestcountryintheWesternHemisphere.3.HowcouldyoudescribeCanadasclimate?Becauseofitssize,Canadahasagreatvarietyofclimaticconditions.Generallyspeaking,theclimateinCanadaisunfavourablebecausemuchofthecountryhaslongandcoldwinterswithdeepsnow.4.WhatareCanadastwolargestlakes?CanadastwolargestlakesareLakesSuperiorandHuron.5.WhofoundedthefirstpermanentsettlementsatQuebecandMontrealin1608?SamueldeChamplaindid.6.WhathappenedtotheFrenchcolonyaftertheSevenYearsWar?AftertheSevenYearsWartheFrenchwereforcedtogiveupeveryinchoflandinNorthAmericaandthewholeofCanadacameundertheBritishrule.7.WhowerethefirstBritishsettlersinCanada?TheywereAmericanrefugeeswhorefusedtofightagainsttheBritisharmyintheWarofAmericanIndependence.8.WhathappenedtoLowerCanadaandUpperCanadaundertheActofUnionin1840?UndertheActofUnionin1840lowerCanadaandUpperCanadawereunitedtoformtheprovinceofCanadawhichhadtwosections:CanadaWestandCanadaEast.9.WhatwasthemostimportanteventthattookplaceinCanadaunderSirJohnMacdonald?In1869,underSirJohnMacdonald,CanadaboughtfromtheHudsonBayCompanythevastmiddlewestfromwhichtheprovinceofManitobaandotherprairieprovincesandnorthernterritorieswereformed.10.WhenandhowdidCanadabecomeasovereignnation?BytheStatuteofWestminsterin1931Canadabecameasovereignnation.11.WhatarethemostimportantnaturalresourcesinCanada?Theyarewaterandwaterpower,fish,forests,andfurs.12.WhyistheCanadianShieldsoimportanttoCanadaseconomy?AgreatbeltofforestlandstretchesacrosstheCanadianShield,whichprovidesrawmaterialsforCanadaslumberingandpaperproductsindustry.13.WhatareCanadasmainagriculturalproducts?Theyarewheat,barley,oats,dairyproducts,meat,andfruit.14.WhatisCanadaschiefmanufacturingindustry?TransportationequipmentisCanadaschiefmanufacturingindustry.15.WhatwereCanadasmajorexportsin1994?Theyweremotorvehiclesandparts,mineralfuels,machinery,woodproducts,paperandpaperboard,electricalequipment,woodpulp,aluminiumproducts,andcereals.16.WhatwereCanadasmajorimportsin1994?Theyweremotorvehiclesandparts,heavymachinery,communicationequipment,officeequipment,andindustrialmachinery.17.WhatdoesNAFTAstandfor?NAFTAstandsforNorthAmericaFreeTradeAgreement.18.WhydidAmericastarttogetinvolvedinCanadianmanufacturinginthelate19thcentury?American-ownedfirmsbuiltbranchplantstoservetheCanadianmarketandtherebyavoidthetariffsinvolvedinexportingtheirproductstoCanada.19.WhatwasthelaborforceinCanadain1994?Itwas14.8millioninCanadain1994.20.WhateconomicproblemsdoesCanadahavetoday?Theyareunemployment,anegativebalanceofpayments,afiscaldeficit,andslowgrowthinsomeregionsinCanada.21.WhatkindofsystemofgovernmentdoesCanadahave?Canadahasafederalsystemofgovernment.22.Whatisthedifferencebetweenterritoriesandprovinces?Territorieshavelessautonomyfromthefederalgovernmentthanprovinceshave.23.WhatdoestheCanadianParliamentconsistof?TheCanadianParliamentconsistsoftheBritishQueenandtwohouses:theHouseofCommonsandtheSenate.24.WhoisheadofstateinCanada?ThesovereignofGreatBritainisheadofstateinCanada.25.WhoisheadofgovernmentinCanada?TheprimeministerisheadofgovernmentinCanada?26.WhatarethetwomainpoliticalpartiesinCanada?ThetwomainpoliticalpartiesinCanadaaretheLiberalPartyandtheProgressiveConservativeParty.27.InwhatwaydoesQuebecdifferfromotherprovinces?QuebechasastrongFrenchculture.28.WhowasReneLevesque?HewasapopularQuebecpoliticianwhocreatedamovementdedicatedtogivingQuebecfullsovereignty,togetherwithanassociationwiththerestofCanada.29.Whatdoessovereignty-associationmean?Sovereignty-associationmeansgivingQuebecfullsovereignty,togetherwithanassociationwiththerestofCanada.30.Whathappenedtothe1995referendumonQuebecsfuturestatus?Itwasrejectedbythebarestmargin:lessthan1%dividedthenovotesfromtheyesvotes.31.WhyhasCanadaspopulationgrownquicklysinceWorldWarIIendedin1945?Itwasduetoheavyimmigrationandarelativelyhighbirthrate.32.WhatarethetwolargestethnicgroupsinCanada?ThetwolargestgroupsarethoseofBritishandFrenchorigin.33.InwhichprovincedomostoftheFrench-speakingCanadianslive?MostoftheFrench-speakingCanadiansliveintheprovinceofQuebec.34.WhoarethenativepeoplesofCanada?TheyareAmericanIndiansandInuit.35.WhatisthemostpopularsportinCanada?HockeyisthemostpopularsportinCanada.36.WhatarethemostcommonleisureactivitiesinCanada?Theyareswimming,tennis,golfandbaseball.37.WhatelementsofCanadascharacterhavecontributedtotheformationofCanadianculture?Thebilingual,multiculturalandNorthAmericanelementsofCanadascharacterhavecontributedtotheformationofCanadianculture.38.WhichgroupdevelopedthefirstdistinctlyCanadianstyleofpainting?TheGroupofSevendevelopedthefirstdistinctlyCanadianstyleofpainting.39.WhowasStephenLeacock?HewasaCanadianwriterandeconomist.Heisbestknownforhisessays,parodiesandshortstories.40.WhatdoestheCanadaCouncildotopromoteCanadianculture?TheCanadaCouncilprovidesfinancialassistancetoindividualartistsandtoorchestras,theatres,andotherorganizations.澳大利亚1.WhyisAustraliasometimescalledthelandDownUnder?AustraliaissometimescalledtheLandDownUnderbecauseitissituatedintheSouthernHemisphere.ItishalfwayaroundtheworldfromEngland,itsmothercountry.2.Australiaisgenerallydividedintothreetopographicalregions.Whatarethey?TheyaretheWesternPlateau,theEasternHighlandsandtheCentralEasternlowlands.3.WhatkindofclimatedoesAustraliahave?TheinteriorofAustraliahasahotanddryclimate,butthecoastalareashaveamaritimeclimate.4.Whataretheeffectsofsuchaclimate?(a)MostAustraliansliveonthesouth-eastcoastland.(b)Plantsthatcanthriveinhotdryconditionsareusuallysmallplantssuchasgrassesandshrubs.5.WhatarethemostcommonnativeplantsandanimalsinAustralia?Themostcommonnativeplantsareeucalyptsandwattles.Themostcommonnativeanimalsarekangaroosandemus.6.TherearemanyaspectsofAustralianwayoflifethatarestillBritish.Givetwoorthreeexamples.(a)ThesystemofgovernmentismodeledontheWestminstersystem.(b)TheAustralianflaghastheUnionJackinthetopleftcorner.TheheadoftheAustraliangovernmentistheQueenofEngland.7.IntowhatpoliticaldivisionsisAustraliaseparated?Listthenamesofthestatesandterritories.Australiaispoliticallydividedintosixstatesandtwoterritories.ThesixstatesareNewSouthWales,Victoria,Queensland,SouthAustralia,WesternAustraliaandTasmania.ThetwoterritoriesaretheNorthernTerritoryandtheAustralianCapitalTerritory.8.Intermsoflandareaandpopulation,whichisthebiggeststateandwhichisthesmalleststateinAustralia?Intermsoflandarea,thebiggestisWesternAustraliaandthesmallestisTasmania.Intermsofpopulation,thebiggestisNewSouthWalesandthesmallestisTasmania.9.WhatareAustraliasmajorcities?TheyareSydney,Melbourne,Brisbane,Adelaide,PerthandCanberra.10.WhyisAustraliaregardedasoneofthemosturbanizedcountriesintheworld?Because80%ofAustraliansliveinthesuburbsofcoastalcitiesandtowns.11.WhatarethethreeperiodsintowhichAustraliaisdivided?ThefirstperiodisfromthearrivalofaboriginestothecolonizationofAustraliabytheBritishin1788.Thesecondperiodisthecolonialperiodwhichlasteduntil1901.Thethirdperiodisfromfederationin1901tothepresent.12.WherearetheAboriginesbelievedtohavecomefrom?ItisbelievedthattheAboriginescametoAustraliafromSoutheastAsia.13.WhyaretheAboriginesusuallydescribedashunter-gatherers?Becausetheylivedfromthelandbyhuntinganimalsandbirds,bycatchingfishandgatheringplantfoods,shellfishandeggs.14.WhatisthesignificanceofthelandtotheAborigines?ThelandwascentralinthelifeoftheAborigines.Theygottheirlivingfromitanditshapedtheirreligiousbeliefs.Theybelievedthattheydidnotownthelandbutthatthelandownedthem.15.WhowasJamesCook?HewasanEnglishnavigatorandexplorer.HesightedtheeasterncoastofAustraliaandnamedtheregionarounditNewSouthWales.HetookpossessionofNewSouthWalesinthenameofKingGeorgeIIIofEngland.16.WhydidtheBritishdecidetoestablishapenalcolonyinAustralia?TheBritishdecidedtoestablishapenalcolonyinAustraliatoreceiveconvictsfromBritain.17.HowdidagoldrushstartinAustraliaatthebeginningofthe1850s?ThefirstofficialdiscovererofgoldinAustraliawasEdwardHargraves.HeusedhispanningexperiencefromtheCaliforniandiggingstofindgoldnearBathurst(NSW)inFebruary1851.Coupledwithfindsbyhisassociatesthisstartedagoldrush.18.WhatwerethecausesoftheEurekaStockade?CausesoftheEurekaStockadeincludedresentmentagainstthelicensingsystemforgoldminersandtheharshwayitwasadministered,aswellasageneraldemandforvotingrightsbytheminers.19.WhatchangestookplaceinAustraliainthethreedecadesfollowingthegoldrushesofthe1850s?Thethreedecadesfollowingthe1850sgoldrusheswereaperiodofgreatdevelopmentinAustralia.Considerablechangestookplaceindailylife,work,industryandpeoplesattitudesinthecitiesandinthecountry.20.WhatdidtheAustraliancoloniesdecidetodoattheendofthe1890s?Theydecidedtojointogethertoformaunifiednation.21.Whatwasthemainargumentforfederationputforwardbythenationalists?Australiashouldbekeptwhite,andpreferablyofBritishstock.22.Whydidthebusinessmensupportfederation?Theysupportedfree,Australia-widetradebecausetraderestrictionsandtariffbarriersatthebordersbetweenthecoloniesweakenedtheAustralianeconomy.23.Whogavegreatencouragementtothefederationconferencesanddebatesduringthe1880s?HenryParkesandEdmundBartonofNSW,AlfredDeakinofVictoriaandSamuelGriffithofQueenslanddid.24.WhatwasthenatureoftheWhiteAustraliaPolicy?Itwasanimmigrationpolicybasedonracialdiscrimination.25.WhatwasthesignificanceoftheGallipolicampaigntoAustralia?Itwasacompletemilitarydefeat,butitwasseenasanobledefeat,notassomethingshameful.ItwasandisstillhailedasAustraliascomingofage.26.WhatcausedaseriouseconomicdownfallinAustraliaattheendofthe1920s?Worldpricesofwheatandwooldroppedfromthe1927-1928period,anddemandforAustralianproducefellwhenoverseasmarketsstartedbuyingfromothercountriesthatwereabletosellatcheaperprices.27.HowdidthePearlHarborincidentaffecttheAustralianpeople?TherewasaveryrealfearamongtheAustraliansthatAustraliamightbeinvaded.28.WhatwerethemainobjectivesoftheChifleygovernmentafterthewar?Theywerefullemploymentandsocialsecurity.29.WhathappenedtotheWhitlamgovernmenton11November1975?ItwasdismissedbytheGovernor-GeneralJohnKerr.30.WhatwasthemajorproblemfacingtheAustralianeconomybytheendofthe1980s?Itwasthecurrentaccountdeficit.1.WhatarethefactorsthathaveaffectedtheefficiencyofAustralianmanufacturing?Australiaslimitedlocalmarket,itsgeographicalisolationandhighlevelsoftariffprotectionarethefactorsthathaveaffectedtheefficiencyofAustralianmanufacturing.2.WhyhastheAustraliangovernmentputuptariffandnontariffbarrierstotrade?Theaimhasbeentosupportdomesticprotectionandmaintainfullemployment.3.WhathasbeenakeyfactorinthehistoryofagricultureinAustralia?Akeyfactorinthehistoryofagriculturehasbeentheabilitytocompeteeffectivelyonworldmarkets.4.WhyisthemineralsandenergyindustrycentraltotheAustralianeconomy?BecauseithasbeenamajorsourceofexportearningsandarecurringcatalysttoAustraliaseconomicdevelopment.5.WhyhastheserviceindustrybeengrowingsofastinAustraliainrecentdecades?Thisisduetohigherlivingstandardsandgreaterdemandformoreandbettertransportandhousing,andtheexpansionbygovernmentsofeducational,healthandwelfareservices.6.WhatisthemainfeatureofAustraliastrade?ThemainfeatureofAustraliastradeistheexchangeofrawmaterialsforfinishedproducets.7.WhyhasthetermsoftradebeenmovingsteadilyagainstAustraliainrecentdecades?Inrecentyearscommoditypriceshavetendedtodeclinewhilepricesofmanufacturedgoodshavetendedtogoup.8.WhatisthesolutiontotheproblemposedbyAustraliasworseningtermsoftrade?ThesolutiontotheproblemistoreduceAustraliasrelianceoncommodityexportsbydiversifyingandincreasinginmanufacturedexports.9.WhatistheAchillesheeloftheAustralianeconomytoday?TheAchillesheeloftheAustralianeconomytodayisthat,althoughitsstructureisgearedtointernationaltrade,itsparticipationintradehasdeclined.10.WhathasbeenhappeninginAustraliaseconomysincethemid-1980s?ArestructuringofAustraliaseconomyhasbeengoingoninAustraliasincethemid-1980s.11.WhatdoestheAustralianConstitutiondealwith?TheAustralianConstitutiondealswiththecompositionoftheAustralianfederalgovernmentandthepowersofthegovernmentandtherelationshipbetweenthefederalgovernmentandthegovernmentsoftheStates.12.WhatarethetwoprinciplestheAustralianConstitutionisbasedon?TheAustralianConstitutionisbasedontheprincipleoffederalismandtheprincipleofresponsiblegovernment.13.WhatistheonlypracticalwayofchangingtheAustralianConstitution?TheonlypracticalwayofchangingtheAustralianConstitutionisbyreferendum.14.WhatdoestheAustralianFederalParliamentconsistof?ItconsistsoftheBritishmonarch,theHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate.15.WhoisconstitutionallyheadofstateinAustralia?TheBritishmonarchisheadofstateinAustralia.16.DotheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenatehaveexactlyequalpowers?No.TheyhavealmostequalpowersexceptthattheSenatecannotoriginatemoneybills.17.WhatarethefunctionsoftheSenate?TheSenateinAustraliahasfunctionedasahouseofreviewanditalsorepresentstheinterestsoftheStates.18.TherearethreemajorpoliticalpartiesinAustralia.Whatarethey?TheyaretheAustralianLaborParty,theLiberalPartyofAustraliaandtheNationalPartyofAustralia.19.Whatdominorpartiesaimtodo?TheyaimtoobtainthebalanceofpowerineitherHousesothattheycanexertpoweronthepartyorpartieswhichformthegovernment.20.WhataretherolesoftheHighCourt?ItisthefinalcourtofAppeal.IthearsappealsfromStateSupremeCourtsanditalsohasthetaskofinterpretingtheConstitutionandapplyingmeaningtothecasesthatcomebeforeit.21.WhatisthelifeexpectancyofAboriginesinAustralia?ThelifeexpectancyofAboriginesisgenerally20yearsshorterthanthatofnon-AboriginalAustralians.22.WhendidtheAboriginalpeopleinAustraliagaintherighttodeterminetheirownaffairs?In1972theAboriginalpeopleinAustraliagainedtherighttodeterminetheirownaffairs.23.WhendidthelandrightsmovementstartinAustralia?ThelandrightsmovementinAustraliastartedatthebeginningofthe1970s.24.WhatisthesignificanceoftheMaboJudgement?TheMaboJudgementrecognizesthatAustraliawasnot,inlaw,unoccupiedatthetimeofEuropeansettlement.25.Whatwasthepolicyofassimilation?Thepolicyofassimilationinvolvedanimmediateattempttostripimmigrantsoftheircultures,socialpracticesandlanguages.ThemigrantwastoforgettheoldcountryandadopttheAnglo-Australianwayoflife.26.WhatwasthedominantaspectofAboriginalculture?ThedominantaspectofAboriginalculturewasthebalancebetweenthesepeopleandtheirenvironment.27.WhatarethemaincomponentsofmodernAustralianculture?ThemaincomponentsofmodernAustraliancultureisamixtureofmanytraditionsandinfluenceswhichoverlap:British,American,EuropeanandAsian.28.WhatistherepublicdebateinAustralia?TherepublicdebateinAustraliaisaboutwhetherAustraliashouldremainamonarchyorbecomearepublic.29.Whatkindofrepublicdotheminimalistspropose?Theminimalistsproposearepublicwithapresidentelectedorappointedbyparliament.30.Whataretheviewsofthemaximalists?ThemaximalistswanttogofurtherthanreplacingtheQueenwithapresident.TheywanttoreformtheConstitutionsothataBillofRightscouldbewrittenintoit.