2019解放军文职招聘考试教育学英语知识点52-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间:2019-04-28 08:13:50六、 介 词(一) 知识概要介词在英语中用法很活,也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个,特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。这样长期下去不断学习自然会总结出一套自己的规律来。下面是一般的规律,可帮助学习时参考,千万不要作为定律去背诵,照搬。介词 表示时间 表示地点方位 表示原因方式 其 他about 大约在 时间 about five o"clock 在周围,大约多远 about five kilometres 关于、涉及talk about youabove 高出某一平面above sea levelacross 横过 walk across the street对面 across the streetafter 在 之后after supper跟 后面one after another追赶run after youagainst 背靠逆风against the wall, against the wind反对be against youamong 三者以上的中间among the treesat 在某时刻at ten在小地点at the school gate表示速度at high speed向着,对着at mebefore 在 之前before lunch位于 之前sit before mebehind 位于 之后behind the treebelow 低于 水平below zero不合格below the standardby 到 时刻,在 时刻之前by five o"clock紧挨着site by site乘坐交通工具by air, by bick 被由was made by usduring 在 期间during the holidaysfor 延续多长时间for five years向 去leave for Shanghai 为了,对于be good for youfrom 从某时到 某时 from morning till night 来自何方from New York由某原料制成be made from来自何处where are you fromin 在年、月、周较长时间内 in a week 在里面in the room用某种语言 in English 穿着in redinto 进入 里面walk into除 分divide into变动turn into waternear 接近某时 near five years 在 附近 near the parkof 用某种原料制成be made of属于 性质a map of U. S .Aon 某日、某日的上下午on Sunday afternoon 在 上面on the desk 靠吃 为生live on rice 关于 a book on Physicsover 渡过一整段时间 work over night 在上方over the desk超过, 高于 over five pairspast 超过某一时刻ten past five

2019解放军文职招聘考试教育学英语知识点759-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间:2019-04-29 08:57:24(g) 为了避免重复.(h)先行词是the way或the reason时,that可作关系副词,也可省略(i) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时举例:Is this the book that you borrowed in the library?这是你在图书馆借的那本书吗?Who that break the window should be punished.谁打碎了窗户都要受到惩罚.All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。三、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词 关系副词:在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)1. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.2. when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.[注]表示时间 time 一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导。By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到达伦敦的时候,我们在那里已经待了两个星期。

2019解放军文职招聘考试教育学英语知识点693-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间:2019-04-29 08:41:50(2)作表语:地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如:I m very sorry he isn t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/ I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了) / Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边)(3)作定语:时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如:People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴) / Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)(4)作宾语补足语:地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如:Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开!它们在散发着臭气。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)[注意] 动词+副词 的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如:He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。) He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。)2、有关副词的重要注释:⑴ as as 常构成一些词组:as soon as (一旦 就 ), as well as (同样), as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能 地)。如:Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)/ Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)[注释] as long / much as + 名词 可以表示 长达/多达 的含义。如:The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)/ They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。)⑵ later、after、ago、before的用法:① 一段时间+later/ago 分别表示 (多久)以后/以前 ,主要用于过去时态。② after/before+某个时刻 分别表示 在某时刻之后/之前 ,此时两个词是介词。③ago与before:ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。如:He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)/ Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了著名的歌唱家)/ Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗?)/ After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。)⑶ above、below、over、under的用法:在上下方用above和below,在高低处用over和under.如:The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中) / A plane flew over quickly.(一架飞机从头顶飞过。)当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。

2019解放军文职招聘考试教育学英语知识点687-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间:2019-04-29 08:40:41③ 动词不定式作定语且该动词为不及物动词,后面有介词。I finally found a chair to sit on.(我 最终找到了一张椅子坐。)(5) 记住一些固定词组:arrive at/in(到达 ),on foot(步行),not at all(根本不),to the north of(在 以北),in the east of(在 的东部),in the night(在夜间),at night(在晚上),be afraid of(害怕 ),be full of(充满/ 装满 .),be filled with(充满/ 装满 .),be good/bad for(对 有益/有害),be made of(由 做成),be made from(由 制造),play with(玩耍 ),look out of(朝 外面看),at the end of(在 末梢/结束时),by the end of(不迟于 /到 末为止),with the help of或with one s help(在 的帮助下),look after(照料 ),look for(寻找 ),on a bike(=by bike)骑车, help sb. with(帮某人做 ),get on (well) with(与某人相处[融洽]),等等。6、某些介词的用法辨析:⑴ 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别:表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间; 表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如:He was born on the morning of May 10th.(他出生于五月十日的早晨)/ I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.(我通常在早上的七点钟起床) / His glasses are right on his nose.(他的眼镜就架在他的鼻子上)/ He is at the cinema at the moment.(此刻他正在电影院)⑵ after与in表示时间的用法区别: after+(具体时刻/从句) 表示 在 时刻之后 常用于一般时态; in+(一段时间) 表示 在(多久)之后 ,常用于将来时态。如:He said that he would be here after 6:00.(他说他六点钟之后会来这儿)/ My father is coming back from England in about a month.(我父亲大约一个月以后从英国回来)⑶ since与for表示时间的用法区别: since+(具体时刻/that-从句) 表示 自从 起一直到现在 , for +(一段斶间) 表示 总共有 之久 ,都常用于完成时态;如:Uncle Li has worked in this factory since 1970.(李叔叔自从1970年起就在这家工厂工作了)/ Uncle Li has worked in this factory for over 30 years. (李叔叔在这家工厂已经工作了30多年)⑸ about与on的用法区别:都可以表示 有关 ,但是about的意义比较广,而on主要表示 有关 (专题/课程) 。如:Tom is going to give a talk on the history of America.(汤姆要作一个美国历史的报告)/ They are very excited talking about the coming field trip.(他们兴致勃勃地谈论着即将来到的野外旅游)