英语军队文职翻译题_军队文职考试

将已发表的汉语小说翻译成少数民族文字作品是否要向原作者支付报酬？ - 行测知识

将已发表的汉语小说翻译成少数民族文字作品是否要向原作者支付报酬？减小字体增大字体将已发表的汉语小说翻译成少数民族文字作品是否要向原作者支付报酬？

答：不需要。因为，著作权法规定，合理的使用行为，可以不经著作权人许可，不支付报酬，但应当注明作者姓名、作品名称等。将已发表的汉语小说翻译成少数民族文字作品属于著作权法规定的合理行为，因此可以不经著作权人许可和不支付报酬，但应当注明作者姓名、作品名称等。

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解放军文职招聘考试 经典英文段落翻译-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间：2017-05-21 16:11:391.意大利著名旅行家马可。波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州： 这是世界上最美妙迷人的城市，它使人觉得自己社在天堂。 在中国，也流传着这样的话： 上有天堂，下有苏杭。 杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用 淡妆浓抹总相宜 的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可购上几样名特土产。The famous Italian traveler Marco Pole was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as the mist fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise. In China, there has been a century-old popular saying praising the city: In Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou. Hangzhou s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup. In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste famous Hangzhou dishes and buy some special local products.2.在设备制造期间，雇主的代表有权对根据合同提供的全部工程设备的材料和工艺进行检查、研究和检验，同时检查其制造进度。这一切应在工作时间内于承包商的工厂里进行。如果工程设备正在其它第三方工厂制造，承包商应为卖方代表获得他能在该工厂进行此类检查、研究和检验的许可。此类检查、研究或检验不应解除承包商在合同中的任何义务。The Employer s representative shall be entitled during manufacture to inspect, examine and test the materials and workmanship and check the progress of manufacture of all Plants to be supplied under the Contract. This shall take place on the Contractor s promises during working hours. If the plant is being manufactured on other premises, the Contractor shall obtain permission for the Employer s representative to carry out such inspection, examination and testing on those premises.3. 雇主或项目经理提交给承包商的雇主的图纸，技术规格以及其它资料仍应为雇主的财产。除非是为了合同的需要，未经雇主同意，承包商不得使用、复制这些材料或将之传递给第三方。承包商应对承包商的图纸中的任何错误或遗漏负责，除非他们可归因与雇主或项目经理提供的不正确的雇主图纸或其它书面资料。项目经理对承包商的图纸的批准不应解除本款规定的承包商的任何责任。The Employer s drawings, specification and other information submitted by the Employer or the Project Manager to the Contractor shall remain the property of the Employer. They shall not, without the consent of the Employer, be used, copied or communicated to a third party by the Contractor unless necessary for the purposes of the Contract.The Contractor shall be responsible for any errors or omissions in the Contractor s Drawings unless they are due to incorrect Employer s Drawings or other written information supplied by the Employer or the Project Manager. Approval by the Project Manager of the Contractor s drawings shall not relieve the Contractor from any responsibility under this Sub-Clause.4.工程监护：在工程开始后，但在完工移交前，已完工的工程及留在工地的材料、工具、设备等，均由乙方保管。除人力不能抵抗的灾害外，乙方应对保管中的一切，负损害之全责。如遇不可抵抗的天灾人祸，乙方应详列损害实情，向甲方提出恢复原状的价格及日期。以供甲方核对付款之用。若甲方决定不再继续施工，按合同第10条规定结束。Custody of work:The completed work and the materials, tools, and equipment at site shall be under the custody of Party B after commencement and before completion and delivery of the work. Unless in the event of Force Majeure, Party B shall be fully responsible for any damage of the work under the custody of Party B. In case of Force Majeure, Party B shall give a list of damage according to the actual condition and suggest an expected price and date for recovery from such damage to Party A for checking and payment. Should Party A decide not to continue with the work, this contract shall be terminated according to article l0 hereof.5.上海外国语大学创建于1949年12月，是中国教育部直属并与上海市共建、进入 211工程 的全国重点大学，是一所致力于培养高素质、复合型、多能力、国际化人才的多科性外国语大学，具有严谨的校风、教风、学风，在国内外享有良好的声誉。学校现有虹口、松江两个校区。虹口校区位于上海市中心，环境优雅。松江校区位于上海松江新城，占地800多亩，环境优美。学校拥有完备的大专、本科、研究生、成人教育、网络教育、留学生等各级各类的教学体系和科研院所。设有26个本科专业，19个硕士点，9个二级学科博士点（英语语言文学、俄语语言文学、法语语言文学、德语语言文学、日语语言文学、阿拉伯语语言文学、翻译学、国际关系、外国语言学及应用语言学），1个一级学科博士点（外国语言文学），1个博士后流动站（外国语言文学）， 1个国家级人文社科研究基地（中东研究所），1个国家级非通用语种本科人才培养基地（意大利语、葡萄牙语、希腊语），2个全国重点学科（英语、俄语），3个上海市重点学科（英语、俄语、阿拉伯语）。目前，全校共有研究生1100多名，本科生5300多名，专科生1000多名，留学生900多名。Shanghai International Studies University (SISU), founded in December 1949, is a key university in China and one of the universities of Project 211 (Chinese government s endeavor aimed at strengthening about 100 institutions of higher education and key disciplinary areas as a national priority for the 21st century). Under the direction of the Ministry of Education of the People s Republic of China, SISU has been jointly nurtured by the Ministry of Education and the Municipality of Shanghai. The mission of SISU is to cultivate elites with multidisciplinary knowledge, multiple skills and international orientation. Having a long tradition of conscientious teaching and learning, SISU enjoys a good reputation home and abroad.Now, SISU has two campuses, an elegant one in Hongkou District and a picturesque 53.3-hectare one in Songjiang New District.SISU comprises colleges and departments that offer associate bachelor, bachelor and postgraduate programs, programs for adults, network programs and programs for international students, as well as several research institutes. SISU provides twenty-six bachelor programs, nineteen master programs, nine second-class Ph.D. programs (English Language Literature, Russian Language Literature, French Language Literature, German Language Literature, Japanese Language Literature, Arabic Language Literature, Translation, International Relations, and Foreign Linguistics Applied Linguistics), and one first-class Ph.D. programs (Foreign Languages Literature). Besides, the university has one postdoctoral center (Foreign Language Literature), one national research center of humanities social sciences (Middle East Research Institute), one undergraduate education base of non-universal languages (Italian, Portuguese and Greek), two national key programs (English and Russian), three Shanghai key programs (English, Russia and Arabic). SISU has a full-time enrolment of over 1100 postgraduate students, 5300 undergraduate students, 1000 college students, and 900 international students.6. 这次到台湾访问交流，虽然行程匆匆，但是，看了不少地方，访了旧友，交了新知，大家走到一起，谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中，有着各自不同的生活经历，但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀传统的印记，都拥有着振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代，我们的祖国正在走向繁荣富强，海峡两岸人民也将加强交流，共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪，这是我们必须回答的问题。The current visit to Taiwan for exchange, brief and cursory as it is, has enabled us to see many places, to visit old friends while making new acquaintances. Whenever people gather together, an important topic of discussion has been how the Chinese nation can become prosperous and powerful in the 21st century. Although the young people on the Mainland and in Taiwan live in different social contexts (environments / milieus), with their individually different experiences of life, in the innermost recesses of their hearts are wrought an indelible mark by the fine traditions of the Chinese culture. They all cherish the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation (They share the same ideal to rejuvenate the Chinese nation). In this great epoch at the turn of the century, our motherland is developing toward greater prosperity and powerfulness. People across the Taiwan Straits are bound to strengthen their exchanges and will mutually promote the earliest possible achievement of the great cause of reunification of the motherland. The precious opportunities and the tremendous challenges at the turn of the century have pushed the young people to the foreground (forefront) of the historical arena (stage). At this transitional phase between the two millennia, in what way the young generation should embrace the forthcoming new century replete with hopes is a question to which we have to seek an answer.7. 最令人触目惊心的一件事，是看着钟表上的秒针一下一下的移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。再看看墙上挂着的可以一张张撕下的日历，每天撕下一张就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。因为时间即生命。没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚度此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。这道理人人都懂，可是很少人真能积极不懈的善为利用他的时间。我自己就是浪费了很多时间的一个人。我不打麻将，我不经常听戏，看电影，几年中难得一次，我不长时间看电视，通常只看半个小时，我也不串门子闲聊天。有人问我： 那么你大部分时间都做了些什么呢？ 我痛自反省，我发现，除了职务上的必须及人情上所不能免的活动之外，我的时间大部分都浪费了。我应该集中精力，读我所未读过的书，我应该利用所有时间，写我所要写的东西。但是，我没能这样做，我的好多的时间都糊里糊涂地混过去了， 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲 。It is most startling to hear a watch or clock clicking away the seconds, each click indicating the shortening of one s life by a little bit. Likewise, with each page torn off the wall calendar, one s life is shortened by another day. Time, therefore, is life. Nevertheless, few people treasure their time as much as their life. Time must not be wasted if you want to do your bit in your remaining years or acquire some useful knowledge to improve yourself and help others, so that your life may turn out to be significant and fruitful. All that is foolproof, yet few people really strive to make the best use of their time.Personally, I am also a fritterer. I don t play mahjong. I seldom go to the theatre or cinema------I go there maybe only once every few years. I seldom spend long hours watching TV-----usually I watch TV for no more than 30 minutes at a sitting. Nor do I go visiting and gossiping from door to door. Some people asked me, Then what do you do with most of your time? Introspecting with remorse, I found that apart from the time earmarked for my job and unavoidable social activities, most of my time had bee wasted. I should have concentrated my energies on reading whatever books I have not yet read. I should have utilized all my time in writing anything I want to write. But I ve failed to do so. Very much of my time has been fritted away aimlessly. As the saying goes, One who does not work hard in youth will grieve in vain in old age.8. 温哥华（Vancouver）的辉煌是温哥华人智慧和勤奋的结晶，其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀，国土面积比中国还大，人口却不足3000万。吸收外来移民，是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说，加拿大除了印第安人外，无一不是外来移民，不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中，有一半不是在本地出生的，每4个居民中就有一个是亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性的作用。他们其中有一半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的，使温哥华成为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。The glory of Vancouver has been achieved through the wisdom and the industry of the Vancouver people, including the contributions of many ethnic groups. Canada, sparsely populated, has a territory larger than that of China, but its population is only less than 30 million. Consequently, to attracting immigrants from other countries has become a national policy long practiced /followed/cherished by Canada. All Canadians except the American Indians, so to speak, are foreign immigrants, differing only in the length of time they have settled in Canada. Vancouver, in particular, is one of the few most celebrated multi-ethnic cities in the world. Among the 1.8 million Vancouver residents, half of them are non-natives and one out of every four residents is from Asia. The 250,000 Chinese there have played a decisive role in the transformation of Vancouver"s economy. Half of them have come to settle in Vancouver over the past five years only, rendering Vancouver the largest area outside Asia where the Chinese inhabit.9. 你知道中国最有名的人是谁？提起此人，人人皆晓，处处闻名。他姓差，名不多，是各省各县各村人氏。你一定见过他，一定听过别人谈起他。差不多先生的名字天天挂在大家的口头，因为他是中国全国人的代表。差不多先生的相貌和你和我都差不多。他有一双眼睛，但看的不很清楚；有两只耳朵，但听的不很分明；有鼻子和嘴，但他对于气味和口味都不很讲究。他的脑子也不小，但他的记性却不很精明，他的思想也不很细密。他常常说： 凡事只要差不多，就好了。何必太精明呢？他小的时候，他妈叫他买红糖，他买了白糖回来。他妈骂他，他摇摇头说： 红糖白糖不是差不多吗？他在学堂的时候，先生问他： 直隶省的西边是哪一个省？ 他说是陕西。先生说： 错了。是山西，不是陕西。 他说： 山西同陕西不是差不多吗？Do you know who is the most well-known person in China?The name of this person is a household word all over the country. His surname is Cha and his given name, Buduo, which altogether mean About the Same . He is a native of every province, every country and every village in this country. You must have seen or heard about this person. His name is always on the lips of everybody because he is representative of the whole Chinese nation.Mr. Cha Buduo has the same physiognomy as you and I. he has a pair of eyes, but doesn t see clearly. He had a pair of ears, but doesn t hear well. He has a nose and a mouth, but lacks a keen sense of smell and taste. His brain is none too small, but he is weak in memory and sloppy in thinking.He often says, Whatever we do, it s OK to be just about right. What s the use of being precise and accurate?One day, when he was a child, his mother sent him out to buy her some brown sugar, but he returned with some white sugar instead. As his mother scolded him about it, he shook his head and said, Brown sugar or white sugar, aren t they about the same?One day in school, the teacher asked him, Which province borders Hebei on the west? He answered, Shaanxi. The teacher corrected him, You ate wrong. It s Shanxi, not Shaanxi. He retorted, Shaanxi or Shanxi, aren t they about the same?10. 招聘销售助理责任：---根据总公司的指示负责管理本地的销售活动。---为总公司收集相关的信息。---发展同本地媒体和用户的良好关系。要求：---大学或以上学历，英语良好(说写能力强)。---具有销售和营销的基本理念，有相关经验者优先。---必须有外资企业工作经验。---具有良好的沟通和表达技能。WantedMarketing AssistantResponsibility:---Responsible for the local management of marketing and sales activities according to the instruction from the head office.---Collect related information to the head office.---Requirements:---College degree and above with good English (speaking and writing).---Develop relationship with local media and customers.---With basic idea of sales and marketing, related experience is preferred.---Working experience in the international organization is a must.---Good communication and presentation skills.11.一直泪流满面的猴子这只猴子没有父母和亲人，缺乏管教成了他最大的缺点。 当他日益强大的时候，这个缺点给了他终生难忘的教训，他被一个叫释迦的和尚用一座大山压了五百年。我在一本名叫《西游记》的书里读到关于这个猴子的故事。他后来被另一个姓唐的和尚救了，他被用来保护姓唐的和尚去取一本据说要经过很多艰险才能取到的经书。经书当然取到了，而他据说也成了正果。这个故事具有很强的趣味性，几乎欺骗了我整个童年。多年以后，我给我的孩子又讲这只猴子的故事，讲到他被救了之后，保护师父历尽艰险去西天取经。孩子忽然对我说： 孙悟空真可怜!我有些不解，问孩子为什么。孩子说，他干吗要跟着一个什么都不会的笨师父去取一本不知道拿来做什么的破经呢？他应该再大闹天宫。那一夜，我整夜都不能入睡，黎明的时候，我似乎又看到那张小时候经常出现在梦中的脸，他当然还是一张猴脸。他泪流满面。A Tearful MonkeyOnce upon a time, there was a monkey. Having no parents or any other blood relations, he had not had upbringing of any kind. When he became magically powerful and uncontrollably wild, this fatal weakness of his taught him the lesson of his life: He was held down close to the ground for 500 years by a big mountain brought to bear on him by a master BuddhaI read about this monkey in a novel entitled The Pilgrimage to the West. This monkey, the novel recounted, was released by a monk surnamed Tang, and was accepted by the latter as one of his disciples and escorts to accompany him on his adventure. After overcoming untold hardships and braving incredible dangers, the monk got the scriptures and the monkey became a Buddha too.This story is so interesting that it almost beguiled the whole of my childhood.Many, many years later, I started to amuse my kid with the same story. One day, when I came to the formidable ordeals the monkey underwent while performing his duty, my son suddenly murmured, Monkey King is really very pitiable!Surprised, I asked why. He replied, What s the point of accompanying a good-for-nothing master on his trip to get those worthless scriptures? He should have rebelled again.This answer kept me awake the whole of that night. As day was breaking, I seemed to see again the face which often appeared in my dream while I myself was a kid, the face of that monkey of course.The monkey is weeping!12. 现在有多少人会讲英语呀！君不见多少人考中级、高级轻轻松送就可以过关， 可真正得了英语皮毛者，十能有几呢？更不要提精通二字。所以还是奉劝那些准翻译们，下笔之前要慎之又慎：告示牌的译者虽不用署名，可有碍国体呀！What an increase nowadays in the number of our country-men who, as they claim, can speak the English language! Small wonder if you see so many people have passed their English test with so much ease at either intermediate or post-intermediate levels. Still, I have my doubt about the percentage of them who have really got even a smattering of essential English, not to say having a thorough command of the language. Thus I feel obliged to advise those pseudo-translators that they can never be too careful with checking and revising what they have rendered from Chinese into English before setting it to print. Even with the translation of announcements and notices, where the translator does not have to sign his name, a bad job would bring as much dishonor to the country as it would to the translator himself.13. 栖守道德者，寂寞一时；依阿权势者，凄凉万古。达人观物外之物，思身后之身，宁受一时之寂寞，毋取万古之凄凉。涉世浅，点染亦浅；历事深, 机械亦深。 故君子与其练达， 不若朴鲁；与其曲谨，不若疏狂。君子之心事，天青日白，不可使人不知；君子之才华，玉韫珠藏，不可使人易知。Those who preserve their moral integrity suffer only fleeting loneliness. But boundless misery is the lot of those who cling to the powerful. Those who aspire to the truth must fix their gaze on spiritual cultivation, which transcends material things. They must think of how their reputations will live on after them, and choose fleeting loneliness over boundless misery.A man with but slight experience of the world will likewise be only slightly stained with its impurities. A man well versed in the world and its ways will likewise be replete with tricks and treacheries. Therefore, it is better for the upright man to be careful to preserve the plainness of his inborn nature than to acquaint himself with the world and its denizens, and is also better for him to cast off all restraints than to yield for the sake of the overall benefit in matters of trifling importance.The heart of a man who cultivates virtue should be as clear as the blue sky and the broad daylight, so that others may never misunderstand it. But his talents should be carefully locked away like precious jewels, so that others may not lightly ascertain them.14. 秦陵的规模之宏伟，葬品之丰富， 在中国都是空前的。1974年，农民因打井而发现的 秦始皇兵马俑坑 ，更是它成为世界奇迹。秦俑坑呈现的兵马军阵，是秦始皇武装力量的缩影，显示了秦国的综合国力。法国总统希拉克先生观光后赞叹道： 世界上有七大奇迹，现在要加上秦俑。不看金字塔，不算真正到过埃及；不看秦俑坑，不算真正到过中国。 我国 秦始皇兵马俑 一经展现，就引起全世界的震惊，被公认为世界 第八奇迹 。The Mausoleum of the First Emperor of Qin had no precedent in the previous history of China in terms of the dimensions of a tomb and the quantity of buried treasures. The vaults containing the terracotta warriors and horses that were discovered by local farmers sinking wells in 1974 further established it as a marvelous spectacle in the world. This terracotta army in full battle array epitomized the military power of the Emperor and demonstrated the overall national strength of the Qin Reign. After visiting the vaults, the French President Hirac exclaimed in admiration, There used to be seven wonders in the world. Now the Qin terracotta figures should make the eighth. As no one can boast about his visit to Egypt without having seen the Pyramids, so no one can claim to have visited China without witnessing these terracotta figures. Now, immediately after they were unearthed, the Qin terra-cotta warriors and horses created a big stir worldwide and were soon recognized universally as the Eighth Wonder of the World.15. 社会和谐稳定，百姓安居乐业，是广大人民的共同愿望，也是政府工作的重要任务。今年要认真贯彻党的十六届六中全会精神，采取更加有力的举措，在构建社会主义和谐社会方面迈出重要步伐。我们要大力开展经贸、科技、文化、教育、体育等领域的对外交往与合作，增进同世界各国人民的了解和友谊，树立中国和平、民主、文明、进步的形象，维护我国公民和法人在海外的合法权益，尊重和依法保护其他国家公民在中国的合法权益。Social harmony and stability as well as a better life are the aspirations of all the people and an important goal for the work of the government. This year, we must conscientiously follow the guiding principles set out at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixteenth CPC Central Committee, adopt more effective measures and make major strides in building a harmonious socialist society.We will vigorously develop exchanges and cooperation with other countries in the fields of the economy, trade, science, technology, culture, education and sports, increase understanding and friendship between our peoples, develop the image of China as a peaceful, democratic, culturally advanced and progressive country, safeguard the lawful rights and interests of Chinese nationals and corporations overseas, and respect and protect the lawful rights and interests of foreign nationals in China in accordance with the law.