解放军文职招聘考试2013年12月英语四级真题试卷（第三套）-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育

发布时间：2017-06-18 18:59:172013年12月英语四级真题试卷（第三套）word版Part Ⅰ Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of the Internet on the way people communicate and then explain whether electronic communication can replace face-to-face contact. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section A（对话部分）A) Plan his budget carefully.B) Give her more information.C) Ask someone else for advice.D) Buy a gift for his girlfriend.A) She ll have some chocolate cake.B) She ll take a look at the menu.C) She ll go without dessert.D) She ll prepare the dinner.A) The man can speak a foreign language.B) The woman hopes to improve her English.C) The woman knows many different languages.D) The man wishes to visit many more countries.A) Go to the library.B) Meet the woman.C) See Prof. Smith.D) Have a drink in the bar.A) She isn t sure when Prof. Bloom will be back.B) The man shouldn t be late for his class.C) The man can come back sometime later.D) She can pass on the message for the man.A) He has a strange personality.B) He s got emotional problems.C) His illness is beyond cure.D) His behavior is hard to explain.A) The tickets are more expensive than expected.B) The tickets are sold in advance at half price.C) It s difficult to buy the tickets on the spot.D) It s better to buy the tickets beforehand.A) He turned suddenly and ran into a tree.B) He was hit by a fallen box from a truck.C) He drove too fast and crashed into a truck.D) He was trying to overtake the truck ahead of him.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) To go boating on the St. Lawrence River.B) To go sightseeing in Quebec Province.C) To call on a friend in Quebec City.D) To attend a wedding in Montreal.A) Study the map of Quebec Province.B) Find more about Quebec City.C) Brush up on her French.D) Learn more about the local customs.A) It s most beautiful in summer.B) It has many historical buildings.C) It was greatly expanded in the 18th century.D) It s the only French-speaking city in Canada.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) It was about a little animal.B) It took her six years to write.C) It was adapted from a fairy tale.D) It was about a little girl and her pet.A) She knows how to write best-selling novels.B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.C) She is able to win enough support from publishers.D) She can make a living by doing what she likes.A) The characters.B) The readers.C) Her ideas.D) Her life experiences.A) She doesn t really know where they originated.B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints.C) They popped out of her childhood dreams.D) They grew out of her long hours of thinking.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) Monitor students sleep patterns.B) Help students concentrate in class.C) Record students weekly performance.D) Ask students to complete a sleep report.A) Declining health.B) Lack of attention.C) Loss of motivation.D) Improper behavior.A) They should make sure their children are always punctual for school.B) They should ensure their children grow up in a healthy environment.C) They should help their children accomplish high-quality work.D) They should see to it that their children have adequate sleep.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) She stopped being a homemaker.B) She became a famous educator.C) She became a public figure.D) She quit driving altogether.A) A motorist s speeding.B) Her running a stop sign.C) Her lack of driving experience.D) A motorist s failure to concentrate.A) Nervous and unsure of herself.B) Calm and confident of herself.C) Courageous and forceful.D) Distracted and reluctant.A) More strict training of women drivers.B) Restrictions on cell phone use while driving.C) Improved traffic conditions in cities.D) New regulations to ensure children s safety.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) They haven t devoted its much energy to medicine as to space travel.B) There are too many kinds of cold viruses for them to identify.C) It is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.D) They believe people can recover without treatment.A) They reveal the seriousness of the problem.B) They indicate how fast the virus spreads.C) They tell us what kind of medicine to take.D) They show our body is fighting the virus.A) It actually does more harm than good.B) It causes damage to some organs of our body.C) It works better when combined with other remedies.D) It helps us to recover much sooner.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。You probably have noticed that people express similar ideas in different ways, depending on the situation they are in. This is very __26__. All languages have two general levels of usage: a formal level and an informal level. English is no __27__. The difference in these two levels is the situation in which you use a __28__ level. Formal language is the kind of language you find in textbooks, __29__, and in business letters. You would also use formal English in compositions and __30__ that you write in school. Informal language is used in conversation with colleagues, family members and friends, and when we write __31__ notes or letters to close friends.Formal language is different from informal language __32__. First, formal language tends to be more polite. What we may find interesting is that it usually takes more words to be polite. For example, I might say to a friend or a family member. Close the door, please. but to a __33__, I probably would say, Would you mind closing the door?Another difference between formal and informal language is some of the __34__. There are bound to be some words and phrases that __35__ formal language and others that are informal. Let s say that I really like soccer. If I m talking to my friend, I might say I m just crazy about soccer! But if I were talking to my boss, I would probably say I really enjoy soccer.Part III Reading Comprehension (40minntes)Section AQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.The mobile phone is a magic device widely used these days. Although it has been nearly 30 years since the first commercial mobile-phone network was launched, advertisers have yet to figure out how to get their __36__ out to mobile-phone users in a big way. There are 2.2 billion cell-phone users worldwide, a __37__ that is growing by about 25% each year. Yet spending on ads carried over cell-phone networks last year __38__ to just $1.5 billion worldwide, a fraction of the $424 billion global ad market.But as the number of eyeballs glued to __39__ screens multiplies, so too does the mobile phone"s value as a pocket billboard(广告牌) Consumers are __40__ using their phones for things other than voice calls, such as text messaging, downloading songs and games, and __41__ the Internet. By 2010, 70 million Asians are expected to be watching videos and TV programs on mobile phones. All of these activities give advertisers __42__ options for reaching audiences. During soccer"s World Cup last summer, for example, Adidas used real-time scores and games to __43__ thousands of fans to a website set up for mobile-phone access. Our target audience was males aged 17 to 25, says Marcus Spurrell, Adidas regional manager for Asia. Their mobiles are always on, always in their pocket-you just can"t __44__ cell phones as an advertising tool. Mobile-phone marketing has become as __45__ a platform as TV, online or print.Section BA Mess on the Ladder of SuccessA) Throughout American history there has almost always been at least one central economic narrative that gave the ambitious or unsatisfied reason to pack up and seek their fortune elsewhere. For the first 300 or so years of European settlement, the story was about moving outward: getting immigrants to the continent and then to the frontier to clear the prairies(大草原), drain the wetlands and build new cities.B) By the end of the 19th century, as the frontier vanished, the US had a mild panic attack. What would this energetic, enterprising country be without new lands to conquer? Some people, such as Teddy Roosevelt, decided to keep on conquering (Cuba, the Philippines, etc.), but eventually, in industrialization, the US found a new narrative of economic mobility at home. From the 1890s to the 1960s, people moved from farm to city, first in the North and then in the South. In fact, by the 1950s, there was enough prosperity and white-collar work that many began to move to the suburbs. As the population aged, there was also a shift from the cold Rust Belt to the comforts of the Sun Belt. We think of this as an old person"s migration, but it created many jobs for the young in construction and health care, not to mention tourism, retail and restaurants.C) For the last 20 years from the end of the cold war through two burst bubbles in a single decade-the US has been casting about for its next economic narrative. And now it is experiencing another period of panic, which is bad news for much of the workforce but particularly for its youngest members.D) The US has always been a remarkably mobile country, but new data from the Census Bureau indicate that mobility has reached its lowest level in recorded history. Sure, some people are stuck in homes valued at less than their mortgages(抵押贷款), but many young people-who don"t own homes and don"t yet have families-are staying put, too. This suggests, among other things, that people aren"t packing up for new economic opportunities the way they used to. Rather than dividing the country into the 1 percenters versus(与......相对) everyone else, the split in our economy is really between two other classes: the mobile and immobile.E) Part of the problem is that the country"s largest industries are in decline. In the past, it was perfectly clear where young people should go for work (Chicago in the 1870s, Detroit in the 1910s, Houston in the 1970s) and, more or less, what they"d be doing when they got there (killing cattle, building cars, selling oil). And these industries were large enough to offer jobs to each class of worker, from unskilled laborer to manager or engineer. Today, the few bright spots in our economy are relatively small (though some promise future growth) and decentralized. There are great jobs in Silicon Valley, in the biotech research capitals of Boston and Raleigh-Durham and in advanced manufacturing plants along the southern z-85 corridor. These companies recruit all over the country and the globe for workers with specific abilities. (You don"t need to be the next Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook. to get a job in one of the microhubs(微中心), by the way. But you will almost certainly need at least a B. A. in computer science or a year or two at a technical school.) This newer, select job market is national, and it offers members of the mobile class competitive salaries and higher bargaining power.F) Many members of the immobile class, on the other hand, live in the America of the gloomy headlines. If you have no specialized skills, there"s little reason to uproot to another state and be the last in line for a low-paying job at a new auto plant or a green-energy startup. The surprise in the census(普查) data, however, is that the immobile workforce is not limited to unskilled workers. In fact, many have a college degree.G) Until now, a B. A. in any subject was a near-guarantee of at least middle-class wages. But today, a quarter of college graduates make less than the typical worker without a bachelor"s degree. David Autor, a prominent labor economist at M.I.T., recently told me that a college degree alone is no longer a guarantor of a good job. While graduates from top universities are still likely to get a good job no matter what their major is, he said, graduates from less-famous schools are going to be judged on what they know. To compete for jobs on a national level, they should be armed with the skills that emerging industries need, whether technical or not.H) Those without such specialized skills-like poetry, or even history, majors-are already competing with their neighbors for the same sorts of second-rate, poorer-paying local jobs like low-level management or big-box retail sales. And with the low-skilled labor market atomized into thousands of microeconomics, immobile workers are less able to demand better wages or conditions or to acquire valuable skills.I) So what, exactly, should the ambitious young worker of today be learning? Unfortunately, it"s hard to say, since the US doesn"t have one clear national project. There are plenty of emerging, smaller industries, but which ones are the most promising? (Nanotechnology"s(纳米技术) moment of remarkable growth seems to have been 5 years into the future for something like 20 years now.) It"s not clear exactly what skills are most needed or if they will even be valuable in a decade.J) What is clear is that all sorts of government issues--education. health-insurance portability, worker retraining-are no longer just bonuses to already prosperous lives but existential requirements. It"s in all of our interests to make sure that as many people as possible are able to move toward opportunity, and America"s ability to invest people and money in exciting new ideas is still greater than that of most other wealthy countries. (As recently as five years ago, US migration was twice the rate of European Union states.) That, at least, is some comfort at a time when our national economy seems to be searching for its next story line.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46. Unlike in the past, a college degree alone does not guarantee a good job for its holder.47. The census data is surprising in that college graduates are also among the immobile workforce.48. New figures released by the government show that Americans today are less mobile than ever before.49. The migration of old people from cold to warm places made many jobs available to the young.50. America is better at innovation than most other rich nations-51. Early American history is one of moving outward.52. Young people don"t know what to learn because it is hard to predict what skills are most needed or valued ten years from now.53. Computer or other technical skills are needed to get a well-paying job in high-tech or advanced manufacturing.54. When the frontier vanished about a century ago, America found new economic mobility in industrialization.55. America today can be divided into two classes: those who move and those who don"t.Section CPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.A new study shows a large gender gap on economic policy among the nation"s professional economists, a divide similar to the gender divide found in the general public.As a group, we are pro-market. says Ann Mari May. co-author of the study and a University of Nebraska economist. But women are more likely to accept government regulation and involvement in economic activity than our male colleagues.It"s very puzzling, says free market economist Veronique de Rugy of the Mercatus Center at George Mason University. Not a day goes by that I don"t ask myself why there are so few women economists on the free market side.A native of France, de Rugy supported government intervention(干预) early in her life but changed her mind after studying economics. We want many of the same things as liberals-less poverty, more health care-but have radically different ideas on how to achieve it.Liberal economist Dean Baker, co-founder of the Center for Economic Policy and Research, says male economists have been on the inside of the profession, confirming each other"s anti-regulation views. Women, as outsiders, are more likely to think independently or at least see people outside of the economics profession as forming their peer group, he says.The gender balance in economics is changing. One-third of economics doctorates (博士学位) now go to women. More diversity is needed at the table when public policy is discussed, May says.Economists do agree on some things. Female economists agree with men that Europe has too much regulation and that Wal-mart is good for society. Male economists agree with their female colleagues that military spending is too high.The genders are most divorced from each other on the question of equality for women. Male economists overwhelmingly think the wage gap between men and women is largely the result of individuals" skills, experience and voluntary choices. Female economists overwhelmingly disagree by a margin of 4-to-1.The biggest disagreement: 76% of women say faculty opportunities in economics favor men. Male economists point the opposite way: 80% say women are favored or the process is neutral.56. What is the finding of the new study?A) The gender divide is a big concern of the general public.B) Men and women understand economics quite differently.C) The gap between male and female economists needs to be closed.D) Male and female economists disagree widely on economic policy.57. What does Ann Mari May say about female economists?A) They are strongly against male domination in the economics profession.B) They tend to support government intervention in economic activity.C) They usually play an active role in public policy-making.D) They are mostly strong advocates of free market economy.58. What do we learn about economist Veronique de Rugy?A) She represents most female economists" standpoint.B) She devotes herself to eliminating women"s poverty.C) Her study of economics changed her view on government"s role in economic activities.D) Her academic background helped her get into the inner circle of the economics profession.59. What does Ann Mari May imply about public policy-making?A) More female economists should get involved.B) It should do justice to female economists" studies.C) More attention should be paid to women"s rights.D) It should aim at sustainable development.60. On what issue do male and female economists differ most?A) Government regulation.B) Job creation.C) Military spending.D) Gender equality.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.The number of postgraduate students travelling from non-EU countries to study at UK universities has fallen for the first time in 16 years, fuelling fears that the government"s immigration crackdown is discouraging thousands of the brightest students from continuing their studies in Britain.Jo Beall, British Council director of education and society, said the fall would cause alarm among UK vice-chancellors(大学行政主管). The sector was expecting a decline in growth, but the actual reduction in postgraduate numbers is of real concern as international students make up the majority of numbers in many postgraduate courses and research teams in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.Attracting the brightest and most ambitious postgraduate and research students is critical if the UK is to maintain its quality reputation for research, Beall said.Universities get a third of their tuition(学费) fee revenue from non-EU students. There is growing fear among vice-chancellors that this revenue-as well as the cultural, academic and economic benefit international students bring-is being put at risk.Tim Westlake, director for the student experience at Manchester University, said students whose families relied on them working in the UK after their studies to gain experience and repay the fees were starting to look elsewhere.Last month the home secretary. Theresa May. announced that embassy staff would interview more than 100 000 applicants in an attempt to prevent bogus(假冒的) ones entering the country. She also said immigrants were responsible for pushing up UK house prices. The comments followed the introduction of new limitations on students" right to work during and after their studies.Beall said: Government statistics for the first time provide real evidence that the changes to UK visa regulations may have discouraged many students from applying to the UK. and in particular postgraduate students who are so important to the UK"s research output. The UK enjoys an excellent reputation around the world for the high quality of our education system, so the government needs to ensure that institutions have all the support they need to attract international students who make a tremendous academic, cultural and economic contribution to the UK.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。61. What has caused the decline of the number of non-EU postgraduates in the UK?A) The increase in tuition and fees.B) The ever-rising living expenses.C) Changed immigration policies.D) Universities" tightened budgets.62. What is UK vice-chancellors" biggest concern?A) How to obtain financial support from the government.B) How to keep the academic reputation of their institutions.C) How to prevent bogus applicants entering their universities.D) How to stimulate the creativity of their research teams.63. Why do UK universities try to attract postgraduate students from outside the EU?A) A substantial part of their revenue comes from non-EU students" tuition and fees.B) Non-EU postgraduate students are usually highly motivated.C) The number of UK postgraduate students has fallen sharply.D) Some of the postgraduate programmers are specially designed for non-EU students.64. What were the expectations of some non-EU students" families?A) Their children could enjoy the UK"s cultural benefits.B) Their children could find well-paying jobs upon their return.C) Their children could become established academically.D) Their children could work in the UK after graduation.65. What does Beall suggest the UK government should do?A) Allow promising international students to work in research teams.B) Revise UK visa regulations to accommodate non-EU students.C) Give universities adequate support to attract non-EU students.D) Try to address the needs of international students in the UK.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English．你要茶还是要咖啡？ 是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶。相传，中国的一位帝王于五千多年前发现了茶，并用来治病。在明清(the Ming and Qing Dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国。饮茶在6世纪传到日本，但直到17、18世纪才传到欧美。如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一。茶是中国的民族饮品，也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。Electronic Communication Cannot Replace Face-to-Face ContactThe picture above is a vivid description of a phenomenon that communication between teenagers and their parents is usually through the Internet. Although the Internet has changed the ways of communication, I do not think that elect ionic communication can replace face-to-face contact.1. Firstly, face-to-face contact is much better than electronic communication in terms of enhancing parent-child relationship, for the former can better guarantee honesty of the communication. Secondly, face-to-face contact can make people concentrate on what they are talking about. So people can think about the problems seriously. Last but not least, face-to-face contact can eliminate distrust between parents and children because both sides will not be suspicious about other"s intentions if they can talk with each other in such a direct way.2. To sum up, the Internet has greatly influenced the ways of communication, but it can never replace face-to-face contact.01-25 BCACD BDADC BADCA CBDCD ABBDA26. natural27. exception28. particular29. reference books30. essays31. personal32. in several ways33. stranger34. vocabulary35. belong in36-45 JMBLI AGDHO46-55 GFDBJ AIEBD56-65 DBCAD CBADCThis is what diners often have been asked, Would you like tea or coffee? Many Westerners favour coffee while the Chinese tend to choose tea. Tradition has it that an ancient Chinese emperor discovered the tea five thousand years ago and used it to treat illnesses. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, teahouses spread all over China. Tea drinking was introduced to Japan in the 6th century while it was not introduced into Europe or America until the 17th and 18th centuries. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world. It is not only a kind of Chinese national drink, but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.

2015四川军队文职岗位能力备考：行政赔偿的概念和范围

今天红师教育网为大家整理了中的行政赔偿的概念和范围，希望考生们能够好好掌握，做好军队文职岗位能力备考工作。 一、行政赔偿的概念 行政赔偿是行政机关和行政工作人员或法律、法规授权行使权力的组织在行使职权时，侵犯公民、法人或其他组织的合法权益造成损害的，负责向受害人赔偿的制度。 二、构成要件 1.行政职权行为非法侵权。2.存在确定的损害事实。3.损害事实与行政职权非法侵权之间有密切的因果关系。4.行政职权非法侵权行为及其造成损害事实不在法定豁免之内。 三、行政赔偿的范围 行政赔偿的范围是指对哪些行政行为造成的损害予以赔偿，对哪些损害不予赔偿。根据《中华人民共和赔偿法》规定，对违法具体行政行为和违法行使职权的事实行为造成的损害予以赔偿。

《赔偿法》第3条规定，行政机关及其工作人员有侵犯下列人身权的情形之一的，受害人有权要求赔偿，承担赔偿责任：(1)违法拘留或违法采取限制人身自由的行政强制措施的行为。(2)非法拘禁或以其他方法非法剥夺公民人身自由的。(3)以殴打、虐待等行为或者唆使、放纵他人以殴打、虐待等行为造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的。(4)违法使用武器、警械造成公民身体伤害或死亡的。(5)造成公民身体伤害或死亡的其他违法行为。 对侵犯财产权的行政赔偿。《赔偿法》第4条规定，行政机关及其工作人员行使职权时有下列侵犯财产权的情形之一的，受害人有取得赔偿的权利：(1)违法实施罚款、吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业、没收财物等行政处罚的。

(3)违法征收、征用财产的。(4)造成财产损害的其他违法行为。 不予赔偿的情形。《赔偿法》第5条规定，不承担赔偿责任的情形有：(1)行政机关工作人员与行使行政职权无关的个人行为。(2)因公民、法人或其他组织自己的行为致使损害发生的行为。 (责任编辑：郝云)