解放军文职招聘考试大学英语四级完形填空测试概述-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
发布时间：2017-06-05 20:43:08大学英语四级完形填空测试概述大学英语四级完形填空概述第一节 完形填空简介1. 完形填空简介2. 答题策略3. 试题分析1. 完形填空简介完形填空 (Cloze) 又叫综合填空，是测试学生综合运用语言能力的一种题型. 具体地讲, 它要求大家不但具有阅读理解的能力, 驾驭语法结构的能力, 辨析词义的能力, 而且还要具有较强的逻辑思维, 分析和判断能力. 同时对各类词法、句法、上下文逻辑关系、语义搭配以及写作技巧等还需具有较强的运用能力。由于这种测试手段体现了较高的信度和效度, 在外语界得到了普遍的认同, 因此在各级各类考试中被广泛应用.在大学英语四级考试中, Cloze出现在标准题型第四部分。 共20题, 考试时间15分钟, 分值是10分. 根据大学英语四级考试大纲的描述，完形填空是： 在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200词)内留有20个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整 。1.1 完型填空题的特点1.2 考点分析从干扰项的设计来看，近几年完形填空大体有以下特点:1.2.1 搭配题1) 名词与介词的搭配，如95年的answers to ( answers ___the more difficult ones)；2) 形容词和介词的搭配 be confident in ( the ones ____which they are most confident)；3) 动词与介词的搭配，如97年的take sth for granted (Take it ____ granted that he likes everything),98年的judge from (We judge race usually ____ the colouring of the skin), get to work ( before ____ to work) 和 adapt to ( the easier it will be for them to _____ to the new environment)；4) 动词和名词的搭配，如98年的 take step ( there may be one more step they have to ______ before registering for classes and ____ to work) ；5) 副词与分词的搭配,如98年的well prepared (they may also take one of more examinations that test how ___ prepared they are for the university)等等。1.2.2 短语另外一类比较简单的选项为短语，这些也大都是约定俗成的，如95年的take place，come from，97年的have an idea, come back, 98年的in the past, 2000年的learn by heart。1.2.3 上下文线索名词、动词、形容词的选择题中，大多情况下是四个选项没有任何联系，语义差别也比较大，选择时需根据上下文进行语意方面的判断，多数情况下，上下文中有同现和复现现象，考试时应注意利用这些提示。第二节： 答题策略2. 答题策略2.1答题步骤2.1.1 Step 1: 迅速浏览全文2.1.2 Step 2 逐题选择答案2.1.3 Step 3 仔细复核答案题目全部做完之后, 要仔细认真地复核一遍. 方法是: 把答案带入文中阅读, 看是否连贯。进行核查同时注意以下三点：1）上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。2）从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。3）段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。2.2 测试点及答题方法 2.2.1 语法结构在选用表示语法结构关系的结构词时，即介词, 连词, 代词, 冠词等, 应该考虑所做出的选项在语法和结构逻辑上是否恰当。四级完形填空中也相当一部分是考查语法的试题，主要集中在虚拟语气、定语从句和状语从句和倒装句。例如：In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages 1 using faculty from foreign countries 2 teaching positions have to be 3 , of course. It can be said that foreign 4 that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset(财富) also 5 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. (1989.1) 1. A) with B) forC) of D) at2. A) in B) onC) for D) within3. A) though B)measuredC) balanced D) considered4.A)situation B)circumstanceC) background D) condition5. A) carries B) createsC) emerges D) solves本段讲的是在美国大学中聘请外籍教师有利有弊.第一.二题考的就是介词. 第一题测试介词所表示的所属关系. 从本句意思来看, the advantage and the disadvantage之间应填入of, 意为 聘用外籍教师的利弊 . 其余三个选项的介词用在这里都不恰当. 第二题要求填入一个介词与teaching position组成介词短语, 修饰using, 答案是A) in, 有的大家误选了B) on, 可能是受汉语 在 岗位上 的影响,. 但英语中表达这一意思的是 in position, 而不是on position.2.2.2 词汇短语搭配完形填空中对词的考查以实词为主，如形容词、动词、副词等。其中有相当一部分词汇题中各个选项之间并无大的联系。这类题应从上下文的语义入手，根据各选项单词的意思和结构进行选择。1． 注意动词自身的结构功能对动词来说，一般从两点设干扰项，一是动词的结构功能，如能不能接宾语，接什么样的宾语，能不能接复合宾语；二是上下文的语义要求。有相当部分选择题只从结构上就可做出正确的判断。2． 注意分析动词所包含的肯定/否定含义与上下文的关系在做动词选择题时，除观察动词自身的结构功能之外，还应注意其语 义特点，比如，有的单词含有肯定含义，有的却有否定的含义。考试时应分析具体的上下文。3． 注意分析上下文的情景结构是为意思服务的，在完形填空中大部分选项只看动词的结构功能是很难判断的，应注意分析上下文的情景。对于行为动词的选择应想象当时所发生的事情，根据 目睹的所发生的事情 进行选择。4． 注意上下句的联系，不要孤立地根据一句进行判断完形填空不同于 词汇语法填空 之处就于，在完形填空所依赖的上下文比词汇语法填空要大的多。在做完形填空时，必须仔细阅读上下文，切不可只凭一句的提示进行判断。5．注意词汇与话题的同现每个单词都有其适应的空间，其适合的话题，与同一话题相连的单词就构 成了一个以话题为中心的词汇链。在做完形填空时可以借助词汇链的知识帮助完成选择。6. 注意介词的表意功能和搭配功能完形填空中涉及到介词选择的有两种：一种是常用介词的基本用法； 另一种是与介词有关的搭配，测试中以搭配居多，也有部分常用介词用法的考查。在做这类考题时将介词选项的表意功能与上下文结合起来即可。7．根据代词在上下文中的替代作用选择适当的代词就代词而言，重点是看其在上下文中的替代作用，同时要特别注意that, one等的运用。8．注意词语的搭配，根据搭配选择正确答案，注意常用短语动词的辨认，注意动词与名词、介词和副词的搭配功能9．注意区分同义词、近义词和形似词近几年的四级英语考试对同义词、近义词和形似词的测试逐渐增多。一般四个选项中至少有两个为近义词。对于这类考题，除具备一定的词语辨析的能力外，主要是看上下文的语义关系。 10． 运用语法知识下面看一个例子：A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That something special was men 4 individuals who could invent machines, find new 5 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who 6 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 7 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 8 inventors than scientists.A man who is a 9 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 10 . He is not necessarily working 11 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is 12 trying to make something that had a concrete 13 . He may try to solve a problem by using the theories 14 science or by experimenting though trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 15 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 16 other objectives.Most of the people who 17 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors nor trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 18 or no training in science night not have made their inventions 19 a ground-work had not been laid by scientists years 20 . 1. A) cases B) reasonsC) factors D) situations2. A) But B) AndC) Besides D) Even3. A) else B)nearC)extra D) similar4.A)generating B)effectiveC) motivating D) creative5. A) origins B) sourcesC) bases D) discoveries6.A) employed B) createdC) operated D) controlled7.A) came B) arrivedC) stemmed D) appeared8.A) less C)moreB)better D)worse9.A)genuine C)pureB)practical D)clever10.A)happily C)reluctantlyB)occasionally D)accurately11.A)now C)allB)and D)so12.A)seldom C)usuallyB)sometimes D)never13.A)plan C)ideaB)use D)means14.A)of C) toB)with D)as15.A)single C) specializedB)sole D)specific16.A)few C)manyB)those D)all17.A)proposed C)suppliedB)developed D)offered18.A)little C)someB)much D)any19.A)as C)becauseB)if D) while20.A)ago C)aheadB)past D)before2.2.3语篇意义一篇内容充实，结构合理，行文流畅的短文所依赖的不只是词汇和语法，更多的是篇章技巧。借助于篇章技巧成文，在复现作者的语言时同样可以借助篇章技巧。完形填空毕竟不同于单项选择，作为一个意思连贯，结构完整的语篇，其中篇章技巧的使用是完形填空解题中至关重要的手段。1. 运用词汇复现技巧：复现有原词复现、同义词复现、反义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现等。完形填空中，可以利用上下文的复现信息，确定正确的表达方式。2．运用词汇同现技巧同现指意义上相互联系的单词同时出现在同一语篇当中。一个语篇，一个话题，要求与之相连的词汇。由于单词意义的差别、所使用的语域不同，因此所适应的上下文也各有别。为3. 逻辑关系总之，要做好完形填空，必须对篇章充分理解，不应当只看到所填的词在短语或句子内是否可行，还要从上下文考虑，使所选答案既要符合语法，又要符合意义逻辑，还要做到词与词搭配得当。3 试题分析Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter in the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply all these were important 1 in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.2 they were not enough. Something 3 was needed to start the industrial process. That something special was men 4 individuals who could invent machines, find new 5 of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who 6 the machines of the Industrial Revolution 7 from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were 8 inventors than scientists.A man who is a 9 scientist is primarily interested in doing his research 10 . He is not necessarily working 11 that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is 12 trying to make something that had a concrete 13 . He may try to solve a problem by using the theories 14 science or by experimenting though trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a 15 result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of 16 other objectives.Most of the people who 17 the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors nor trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had 18 or no training in science night not have made their inventions 19 a ground-work had not been laid by scientists years 20 .1. A) cases B) reasonsC) factors D) situations2. A) But B) AndC) Besides D) Even3. A) else B)nearC)extra D) similar4.A)generating B)effectiveC) motivating D) creative5. A) origins B) sourcesC) bases D) discoveries6.A) employed B) createdC) operated D) controlled7.A) came B) arrivedC) stemmed D) appeared8.A) less C)moreB)better D)worse9.A)genuine C)pureB)practical D)clever10.A)happily C)reluctantlyB)occasionally D)accurately11.A)now C)allB)and D)so12.A)seldom C)usuallyB)sometimes D)never13.A)plan C)ideaB)use D)means14.A)of C) toB)with D)as15.A)single C) specializedB)sole D)specific16.A)few C)manyB)those D)all17.A)proposed C)suppliedB)developed D)offered18.A)little C)someB)much D)any19.A)as C)becauseB)if D) while20.A)ago C)aheadB)past D)before转贴于：CET-4考试_考试大下面逐一来看答案1. 土地没有被破坏，再加上财富、自然资源和劳力资源，这些都是有利的 因素 (factor)，而不能说是 理由 （reason）。所以答案是C） factors3. 本题测试根据上下文选择后置定语的能力，前一题话锋已转，指出仅有那些 因素 是不够的，那就还需要一些别的东西（something else）。所以答案是A4. 本题测试的是根据上下文选择词义的能力。creative 有创造性的 ；effective 有效的 ， motivating 使产生动力的 ；generating 使产生 ，。能发明机器自然是 creative , 所以答案是D5. 本题测试的是根据上下文选择词义的能力。source意为 来源 ，指某事物的最初来源或出处。如：Art is a source of pleasure to many people.（艺术是许多人快乐的源泉。）origin意为 起源、发源、起因 ，常指某种历史文化现象、风俗习惯的起源。如：The students are studying the origins of jazz in America.（学生们正在研究美国爵土乐的起源。）所以答案是B） sources6. 本题测试的是根据上下文选择词义的能力。该句说的是 发明机器 的人（created machine），而并非 操作机器 的人（operated machine）。所以答案是B) creat7. come from 来自 ；stem from 源于 。所以答案是A) came8. 本题测试的是对more A than B 这一固定结构的理解和运用。more A than B意思是 是A而不是B 、 与其说是A，不如说是B 。如：He was more frightened than hurt.（他吓得厉害，倒没伤着）。所以答案是C） more9. 本题测试的是根据上下文选择词义的能力。pure scientist指从事纯理论研究的科学家，因为只有他们才对准确地进行研究感兴趣，也才不一定致力于应用自己的发现。所以答案是C) pure10. 本题测试的是根据上下文选择词义的能力。一个 纯 科学家是对准确地 (accurately)进行研究感兴趣的。所以答案是D) accurately11. 本题测试的是正确使用连接词的能力。so that 是用来引出目的状语从句的连接词。所以答案是D） so12. 本题的四个选项都是表示频率的副词，本句像上段一样，讲的是发明家工作的特点，即通常试图创造有实用价值的东西，故只有选usually才合题意。所以答案是C13. a concrete use 具体用途 。所以答案是B） use14. 本题测试的是正确使用介词的能力。the theory of science 科学的理论 。所以答案是A） of15. 本题测试的是根据上下文选择词义的能力。前面说到 发明家希望利用科学理论或通过反复试验解决某个问题 ，本句则说 他不管采用哪种方法，都是为了得到某种结果，例如制造一台收割机 这里需填入表示 特定的 、 具体的 形容词，所以答案是D specific。16. 这里要一个表示一定数量的、泛指的形容词，所以答案是C many。17. 从上下文来看，本题中需要填入的是一个与发明家和机器有关的动词。develop有 研制 、 开发 之意。所以答案是B18. 本题要求填入一个与no意义相近的不定代词，在四个选项中，只有A） little符合题目意思，所以是答案。19. 本题要求填入一个连接词，用来连接一个表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。本句的意思是：如果没有科学家早年打下的基础，那些在科学上接受过很少或没有接受过训练的人就不可能有所发明创造。If通常用来引出条件句。所以答案是 B） if20. 本题的四个选项都是可以用作时间状语的副词，但由于要求填入的副词是用来修饰一个过去完成时的谓语动词，即表示过去某个时间以前发生的动作，所以答案是D） before转贴于：CET-4考试_考试大第三节 简短问答1. 简短问答简介2. 答题策略3. 试题分析1 简介3.1 评分标准给分标准：答出全部内容，语言正确 2分答出部分内容，语言正确 1分没有答对问题 0分扣分标准:1. 语言错误扣0.5分，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分。2. 涉及无关内容者扣0.5分；若答案中有相互矛盾的内容，则内容相互矛盾的部分皆不得分3. 整句原封不动照搬应扣分，照搬一句扣0.5分，照搬两句及两句以上不得分。4. 大家所给答案超过10个单词扣0.5分。2. 答题策略要做好简答题，首先一定要正确地理解原文。在理解句子时，要结合上下文，弄清其含义；要通过分析作者的用词、选词，弄清作者态度。只有在充分理解原文的基础上，才有可能正确回答问题。2.2 关于细节或事实(1)描述性题目能直接从原文中找到答案。此类细节题答案一般是句子谓语或宾语等主干成分，略做变化即能写出答案。（2)因果型的题目短文中能直接找到原因或结果。通常表原因的关键词有：for that reason, for, as, because, since, as a result of, owing to, thanks to等。表结果的关键词有：as a result, therefore, consequently, thus, accordingly, so。阅读时要注意这些词后面的内容。(3)范例型题目：需要概括答案的。表示举例的关键词有：for example, such as, for instance, that is, as follow等。对这些词后面的内容要注意。(4)对照比较型题目：对照比较目的在于所涉及的两个事物之间的不同或相似之处,进而说明主题.表对照的关键词有：however、nevertheless、in contrast、 on the other hand、but、yet、while等。表比较的词有：likewise、in the same way、as if、as等。(5)描写叙述型题目：需要变换词法或句型。此类题句子内容和表达词在原文中能找到，关键是进行时态的变换、句型的转换。在替换过程中切勿因粗心犯了不该犯的错误，如时态、单复数和动名词等。)2.3 推理题，这类题型主要包括两种：描述事实基础上推理和逻辑上的推理。此外, 用简明准确的语言来回答问题在简答题考试中也十分重要.。在表达时，要注意语法正确，大小写, 拼写及标点符号也不容忽视, 尤其是在补全不完整句子的时候, 一定要考虑到空缺部分的语法和大小写, 例如, 所缺的是谓语, 则答案所给的谓语动词要在人称, 时态, 语态, 语气等方面与所给出的问题句子的主语一致. 一般来说，问题的答案就是文中的原句或在文中能体现出来，但要切忌照搬原句，一定要学会用自己的语言来表达，或换句型，或换短语。另外，要把握好字数，要切实按照题目的要求，也就是用最少的词来回答或完成句子，答案不要超过10个单词，否则就会扣分。总之，要做到理解正确，回答简明，这样才能得到理想的分数。转贴于：CET-4考试_考试大3 试题分析In Britain, the old Road Traffic Act restricted speeds to 2 m.p.h. in towns and 4 m.p.h. in the country. Later Parliament increased the speed limit to 14 m.p.h. But by 1903 the development of the car industry had made it necessary to raise the limit to 20 m.p.h. By 1930, however, the law was so widely ignored that speeding restrictions were done away with altogether. For five years motorists were free to drive at whatever speeds they liked. Then in 1935, the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m.p.h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossing.Speeding is now the most common motoring offence in Britain. Offences for speeding fall into three classes: exceeding the limit on a restricted road, exceeding on any road the limit for the vehicle you are driving, and exceeding the 70 m.p.h. limit on any road. A restricted road is one where the street lamps are 200 yards apart, or more.The main controversy(争论) surrounding speeding law is the extend of their safety values. The Ministry of Transport maintains that speed limits reduce accidents. It claims that when the 30 m.p.h. was introduced in 1935 there was a fall of 15 percent in fatal accidents.Likewise, when the 40 m.p.h. speed limit was imposed on a number of roads in London in the late fifties, there was a 28 percent reduction in serious accidents. There were also few casualties in the year after the 70 m.p.h. motorway limit was imposed in 1966.In America, however, it is thought that the reduced accident figures are due rather to the increase in traffic density. This is why it has even been suggested that the present speed limits should be done away with completely, or that a guide should be given to inexperienced drivers and the speed limits made advisory, as is done in parts of the USA.Questions: (注意: 答题尽量简短, 超过10个词要扣分. 每条横线限写一个英语单词, 标点符号不占格)1. During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits?2. What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions?3. Speeding is a motoring offence a driver commits when he ________.4. What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws?5. What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents?本篇谈论汽车限速问题. 第一段介绍了英国的限速历史; 第二段说的是现在英国有三类超速违章; 第三段引用交通部认为限速对安全有利的观点; 第四段指出在美国人们对于限速的反对态度.第一题考的是英国没有限速是在哪一个时期. 这个细节可以很快地在第一段有关英国限速的历史中找到. 1930-1934 或者From 1930 to 1934或者Between 1930 and 1934.答案可以是完整的句子, 如 They could do so from 1930 to 1935. 但是如果句子出了语法错误, 是会被扣分的, 所以不如简单点好.第二题考的1935 年除了限速, 还采取了什么措施. 我们可以用查读的方法迅速找到1935这个数字所出现的段落, 找到答案: introduction of driving tests and pedestrian crossing.第五题问美国人认为交通事故减少的原因是什么. 答案在最后一段， 许多考生的回答是：Due to the increase in traffic density.Because of the increase of traffic density.The reason is the increase of traffic density.The increase of traffic density is regarded as the reason.这些答案都是对的, 但都嫌罗嗦, 简答题要求回答简练, 最好的回答是: the increase in traffic完形填空又称综合填空，是国内大学英语四级考试中较为常见的测试题型。完形填空的题目在设计时并非拿来一篇短文随便去掉几个词，设计者要遵循一定的要求和准则，以保证测试的效度和信度。一般来说，在大学英语四级考试中，出题人会给出一篇200-250字的短文，从中去掉20个词，要求考生在15分钟内填完这20个空。步骤一、了解大意步骤二、初选答案（一）词义与词形的辨析。选项与选项之间构成同义词、反义词、形近词的关系。有时出题者也借助选项，考察考生对某些单词词义的精确理解。举例：Geographerscompareandcontrast71placesontheearth.71.A)similarB)variousC)distantD)famous译文：地理学家比较和对照地球上的什么地方。很明显要求填一个形容词来修饰places.如果单从语法的角度而言，A、B、C、D四个选项都能入选，出题者精心设计只为考察compare和contrast的精确含义。compare意为toexamforsimilaritiesanddifferences,contrast意为tocompareinordertoshowdifferences。综合两个词的含义，应为 找出其相似之处与不同之处 。这样一来，答案不言自明。既然不同与相同皆不可抛，答案A）必然错误， similar （相似的）只揭示了两者的相同、相似，未照应不同，故必不入选。而答案C）distant 遥远的 、D)famous 著名的 均与 相似与不同 不搭界，所以也一并排除掉，剩下B）various 各种各样 为正确答案。 各种各样 既囊括相似之处，又溶入 不同几许 ，既照应compare，又体现了contrast的含义。所以考生在应试时对于某些重点单词的理解，不能只局限于中文，而应从英文的角度，逐字理解。（二）逻辑关系。所填空格的句子，与上下文构成指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、补充、递进等逻辑关系。上下文逻辑关系的考察，是完形填空区别于单纯的句子与结构测试中最重要的一点。不仅在国内考试中，在美国研究生入学考试（GRE）中，也常常考到考生运用逻辑关系解题的能力。笔者试举一例：文中提到：Theforeignresearchscholarusuallyisolateshimselfinthelaboratoryasameansofprotection;77,whatheneedsistobefittedintoahighlyorganizeduniversitysystem77.A)otherwiseB)moreoverC)howeverD)also根据上下文，空格前的意思为 外籍研究学者通常把自己隔离在实验室里作为一种保护的手段 。空格后为 他需要融入的是高度的组织化的大学系统 。前者是一种孤离的状态 isolate ，而后者都是一种组织化的系统 befittedtoahiglyorganizeduniversity ，从逻辑的角度而言，前后已然成为对立、矛盾的关系。所以77空所填的连词必然是能将前后平衡的表示对比（转折）关系的连词however.(三)结构识别。这里讲到的结构，是指英文中表祯句子结构的固定词组，如notonly but ,aswell,some theothers ,stillothers 等。(四)固定搭配。这里的固定搭配，是指动词与名词之间的搭配。如：同样是 利用 ,却有不同的搭配takeadvantageofsth./makeuseofsth.(五)动词的用法。考生应从动词的时态、语态（被动语态和主动语态）以及非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词）几个角度逐一考虑。(六)介词的用法.介词的用法中多考察介词与名词、介词与形容词及及介词与动词的搭配和用法。除了按照以上六种思路从正面逐一解题外，考生还可以灵活多变地从反面入手，利用排除法获得正确答案。笔者研究发现，在四级考试的完形填空部分，特别是在考察关联词的测试中，利用一种叫 同性元素排除法 的方法能够快速地缩小可选范围，找到正确答案。试举一例：IntheUnitedStatesprofessorshavemanyotherduties86teaching,suchasadministrativeorresearchwork.87,thetimethataprofessorcanspendwithastudentoutsideofclassislimited.86.A)butB)exceptC)withD)besides87.A)HoweverB)ThereforeC)FurthermoreD)Nevertheless在完形填空中，所谓的同性元素是指具有相同的含义，同样的语法功能以及一致用法的两个或多个选项，只要具备以上几个条件，那它们相互之间就构成了同性元素。其实，同性元素的出现，是出题者黔驴技穷的表现，是为了凑足四个选项不得已而为之的。分析以上两题选项，很明显，86题中，A与B互为同性元素，意思与语法功用一模一样，均表示 除了 （不包含）。87题中A与D也如出一辙，均是表示转折的连词，译为 然而，但是 ，选项中一旦出现同性元素，它们必定不是正确答案，道理很简单，如果它们中一个成为正确答案，那么在词义、用法上一模一样的另一个词也必然入选，这就违背了完形填空中四选一的原则，所以一旦发现选项中有同性元素存在，考生应立即将其排除掉。这样一来，86题只剩下可选答案C）、D），87题只剩下B）、C），可选范围迅速缩小，再根据上下文逻辑关系的判定可得出正确答案86D），87B）。步骤三、寻找线索步骤四、回头补缺步骤五、核实答案题目填完后（除个别难度较大的题目外），考生应利用一到两分钟将答案带入原文通读，通读的目的是通过 语感 来核实答案。这样读下来，不仅可以改正填错的词，而且还可以在这一过程中得到启发，把做不上来的题目填出来。
解放军文职招聘考试全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试 英语国家概况试题-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
解放军文职招聘考试全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试 英语国家概况试题发布时间：2017-05-21 10:46:32全国2007年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。I．Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)1．Which of the following is NOT true of Elizabeth I?A．Her religious reform was a compromise of views.B．Her religious reform was welcomed by both the Puritans and ardent Catholics.C．She desired that there should be outward conformity to the Established religion .D．She broke Mary s ties with Rome and restored her father s independent Church of England.2．The Restoration in English history took place in _______.A．1042B．1066C．1606D．16603．Historically, _______ were ferocious people, but they laid the foundations of the English state.A．the CeltsB．the VikingsC．the Anglo-SaxonsD．the Normans4．William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as _________.A．William RufusB．William the ConfessorC．William the GreatD．William the Conqueror5．In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of _______ which still bears the nickname today.A．the Social and Democratic Liberal PartyB．the Liberal PartyC．the Labor PartyD．the Conservative Party6．The person who was responsible for the religious Reformation of England in the 16th century was _________.A．Edward VIIIB．Henry VIIIC．Elizabeth ID．Edward VI7．Queen Mary Tudor has been known as Bloody Mary because under her reign ________.A．a series of bloody wars were foughtB．many Protestants were persecuted and burnt as hereticsC．many rebel peasants were put to deathD．many protesters against her rule were killed8．The _______ developed later into the Lords and the Commons known as Parliament.A．WitanB．Privy CouncilC．Public Records OfficeD．Great Council9．In Britain,________ is the symbol of the whole nation.A．the QueenB．the Prime MinisterC．the Prince D．the Parliament10．Easter is the chief Christian festival, which celebrates________.A．the birth of Jesus Christ B．the Resurrection of Jesus ChristC．the coming of springD．the revival of Christianity11．The English king, who gave up his crown for the sake of a marriage with Wallis Simpson, was _______.A. Henry ⅧB． Edward ⅧC．George ⅥD．James Ⅵ12．Those who tried to destroy the hated machines during the English Industrial Revolution were called ______.A．DestroyersB．BreakersC．UnionistsD．Luddites13．The great King of Wessex who fought against the invasion of the Danes in the 9th century was known as _______.A．HengistB．Alfred the GreatC．the PilgrimD．King of Picts14．The Seven Year s War (1756 1763) was fought between Britain and _______ for the colonization in North America.A．Spain B．RussiaC．Holland D．France15．In Britain, the national newspapers can be divided into two groups: _______.A．daily papers and weekly papersB．daily papers and Sunday papersC．weekly papers and monthly papersD．weekly papers and quarterly papers16．The People s Charter was drawn up by _______ as their demands.A．the London Working Men s AssociationB．the British Steel CorporationC．the activists in the Chartist MovementD．the Trade Union17．Mrs. Margaret Thatcher, a Conservative Party leader in the 1980s, believed in the following EXCEPT _______.A．self-reliance B．privatizationC．the strengthening of the trade unions D．the keeping of law and order18．The two main tiers of local authority throughout England and Wales are ______.A．counties and districts B．cities and townsC．cities and villages D．cities and shires19．In Britain, official public holidays are also called ______.A．religious holidays B．saints holidaysC．memorial holidays D．bank holidays20．The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from ______.A．Denmark B．BelgiumC．the Netherlands D．France21．Most of the first Chinese immigrants who came to the United States between 1850 1880 settled down in ______.A．Florida B．WashingtonC．California D．New Jersey22．In September, 1774 the First Continental Congress was held in ______, which encouraged Americans to refuse to buy British goods.A．New York B．BostonC．Philadelphia D．Concord23．During the American westward movement, Democratic politician John L. O Sullivan produced the famous theory of ______.A． Isolationism B． Good Neighbor PolicyC． Social Darwinism D． Manifest Destiny24．The American Constitution was finally adopted in 1789 by a narrow margin on the understanding that ______ after the Constitution came into force.A．Washington would be president of the U.S.B．the House of Representatives would be elected by each stateC．a Bill of Rights would be amendedD．each state would be equally represented in the Senate25．In 1972, U.S. President ______ visited China, which led to the establishment of diplomatic relations with China in January 1979.A．Ronald Reagan B．Richard NixonC．Jimmy Carter D．Gerald Ford26．Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man?A．Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman.B．Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson.C．Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain.D．Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser.27．The Constitution requires the President to be a natural-born American citizen at least ______ years of age.A．30B．35C．40D．4528．On April 30th of 1789, George Washington took the oath of office in ______ which housed the first American government.A．New York B．WashingtonC．Philadelphia D．Boston29．Which of the following may NOT be President Wilson s achievements in his program of New Freedom?A．Making loans available to farmers at low rates.B．Adopting an income tax.C．Regulating trusts by stating clearly the unfair business practices.D．Regulating railroad prices and their rebates.30．In the U.S. the ______ refers to the people born in the period 1946 1964.A． lost generation B． me generationC． blue-collar generation D． baby boom generation31．The conference that decided to set up a world organization the United Nations was held in ______.A．TeheranB．CairoC．Yalta D．Washington32．The President of the United States can issue rules, regulations and instructions, which are called ______.A．legal acts B．standing ordersC．verdicts D．executive orders33．The political theory of American Revolution came from the well-known philosopher ______.A．Thomas Jefferson B．Thomas PaineC．Alexander Hamilton D．John Locke34．Which statement is NOT true about the Great Depression in the 1930s?A．Billions of dollars of paper profits were wiped out within a few days.B．Misery and personal sufferings were widespread.C．Many lost their land and other properties because of foreclosures.D．The stock market crash was the beginning of long economic recovery.35．During the American Civil War, the victory at ______ proved to be the turning point for the Union Army.A．Harrisburg B．GettysburgC．LexingtonD．Fort Sumter36．Which statement is NOT true about the American Indians?A．Heavy drinking and suicide rates are far above the national averages.B．The average life expectancy of Indians is around 50 years.C．All the American Indians are now living in the government reservations.D．One fourth of the Indian families live below the poverty level.37．The American Standard Oil Company was founded by ______.A．John Rockefeller B．du PontC．J.P. Morgan D．Andrew Carnegie38．A typical example of American intolerant nationalism from 1919 1920 was ______ that exaggerated the danger of Communism.A．McCarthyism B．the Ku Klux KlanC．the Red Scare D．Desegregation39．Currently between 80% and 90% of immigrants to the U.S. are from ______ countries.A．Asian and African B．European and HispanicC．Asian and Hispanic D．Scandinavian and Asian40．______ is the only organization which has the power to interpret the U.S. Constitution.A．The Supreme Court B．The Department of StateC．The House of Representatives D．The Senate41．______ is British Columbia s largest city and the third largest city in Canada.A．Vancouver B．TorontoC．Quebec City D．Montreal42．Almost half the land area of Canada is covered by ______.A．forests B．desertsC．swamps D．bogs43．During World War II, Canada fought as an ally of ______ with nearly one million people serving in the armed forces.A．Germany B．SwissC．Italy D．Britain44．In Australia ______ has the country s richest farmland and best grazing land.A．the Great Western Plateau B．the Eastern HighlandsC．the Central Eastern Lowlands D．the Outback45．In recent years Australian governments have encouraged people with different ethnic backgrounds to keep their own cultures. This policy is called ______.A．assimilation B．integrationC．multiculturalism D．alienation46．Which of the following statements about Australia is NOT true?A．It lies south of the equator.B．It is the world s smallest continent.C．It is the flattest and lowest continent.D．It is the continent that contains more than one country.47．The first European to visit New Zealand was a/an ______, Abel Tasman.A．EnglishmanB．DutchmanC．Frenchman D．German48．______ is the capital of New Zealand.A．Auckland B．WellingtonC．Toronto D．Montreal49．Which statement is NOT true about Ireland?A．Ireland is divided into two political units.B．Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom.C．The Republic of Ireland is an independent country.D．Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of its rich deposit of emeralds.50．The largest river in Ireland is the ______, which provides electric power for much of the Republic.A．Missouri River B．Shannon RiverC．Severn River D．Thames RiverII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)51. What is the official name of Great Britain?52. What does Oxbridge refer to in Great Britain?53. What are the responsibilities of British government education departments?54. What does SAT stand for?55. What are the two most important acts passed in the 1960s that helped to improve the political equality of the black people?56. What is known as the winner-take-all system?57. What does ACT stand for in Australian political division?58. Why does New Zealand remain green all the year round?59. What are the three main groups of settlers living north of 55 degree north latitude in Canada?60. What is the most significant feature of Irish landscape, which covers all the mountains and large areas of lowlands?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)61. the Industrial Revolution62. the Commonwealth63. checks and balances64. Electoral College2007年4月自考英语国家概况试题答案Ⅰ.Multiple choice questions. (50 points, 1 point each)1.B2.D3.C4.D5.D6.B7.B8.D9.A10.B11.B12.D13.B14.D15.B16.A17.C18.A19.D20.D21.C22.C23.D24.C25.B26.A27.B28.A29.D30.D31.C32.D33.D34.D35.B36.C37.A38.C39.C40.A41.A42.A43.D44.C45.C46.D47.B48.B49.D50BII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (30 points, 3 points each)51. The official name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.52. It refers to the universities of Oxford and Cambridge.53. They formulate education policies and are also responsible for the supply and training of teachers.54. It stands for Scholastic Aptitude Test, a test taken in the U. S. to measure students" abilities before their entry into college.55. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.56. The presidential candidate with the highest number of votes in each state wins all the electoral votes of that state.57. It stands for Australian Capital Territory.58. New Zealand native trees are evergreens, so the country remains green all the year round.59. There are fur trappers, fishers and miners.60. Bogs remain the most significant feature of Irish landscape.Ⅲ.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points each)61. the Industrial RevolutionIt refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social andeconomic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Britain was the first country to industrialize in Europe.62. the CommonwealthIt is a free association of 50 independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. Member nations are joined together economically and have certain trading arrangements.The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is left to each nation.63.checks and balancesThe United States has three separate branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial. Each branch has a portion of constitutional authority and can check or block the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is a system of checks and balances.64. Electoral CollegeThe electors of all 50 states and the District of Columbia a total of 538 persons comprise what is known as the Electoral College. To be successful, a candidate for the Presidency must receive 270 votes.
解放军文职招聘考试2010年6月大学英语四六级写作25个加分句型-解放军文职人员招聘-军队文职考试-红师教育
解放军文职招聘考试2010年6月大学英语四六级写作25个加分句型发布时间：2017-06-11 14:42:55英语四六级写作25个加分句型一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的优点是...）例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won t create (produce) any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 （如此...以致于...）例句：So precious is time that we can t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...）例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。十一、The + ~er + S + V,~~~the + ~er + S + V ~~~The + more + Adj + S + V,~~~the + more + Adj + S + V~~~（愈...愈...）例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ （借着...，..能够..）例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。十三、~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （..使..能够..）例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。十五、It is time + S + 过去式 （该是...的时候了）例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。十六、Those who ~~~ （...的人...）例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。十七、There is no one but ~~~ （没有人不...）例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不...）例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 （可想而知的）It is obvious that + 句子 （明显的）It is apparent that + 句子 （显然的）例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。二十、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因）例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don t like it.夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。）例句：It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。二十四、be based on （以...为基础）例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。二十五、Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）例句：We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
